জেরারডাস মারকেটর

জেরারডাস মারকেটর
জেরারডাস মারকেটর
জন্ম	Geert de Kremer; ৫ মার্চ ১৫১২; রুপেলমোন্ড, County of Flanders, Habsburg Netherlands; (আধুনাঃ বেলজিয়াম)
মৃত্যু	২ ডিসেম্বর ১৫৯৪ (বয়স ৮২); ডুইসবার্গ, United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Holy Roman Empire; (আধুনাঃ জার্মানি )
জাতীয়তা	Disputed See text below
শিক্ষা	University of Leuven
পরিচিতির কারণ	World map based on the Mercator projection (1569); One of the founders of the Netherlandish school of cartography; Coining the term Atlas
দাম্পত্য সঙ্গী	Barbara Schellekens; (m. 1534 – d. 1586); Gertrude Vierlings (m. 1589)
সন্তান	আরনল্ড মারকেটর (eldest), Emerentia, Dorothes, Bartholomeus, Rumold, Catharina

জেরারডাস মারকেটর (/dʒɪˈrɑːrdəs mɜːrˈkeɪtər/;^[ক]^[খ]^[গ] ৫ মার্চ ১৫১২ - ২ ডিসেম্বর ১৫৯৪)^[ঘ] ছিলেন একজন জার্মান-নেদারল্যান্ডিশ ভূগোলবিদ, মানচিত্রাঙ্কনবিদ ও জ্যোতির্বিদ। তার অঙ্কিত মানচিত্র অভিক্ষেপ পদ্ধতিটি বিশ্বব্যাপী বহুলভাবে প্রচলিত; ^[১]^[২] এটি "মারকেটরের অভিক্ষেপ" নামে পরিচিত।

নোট

↑ The university statutes stated explicitly that to disbelieve the teaching of Aristotle was heretical and would be punished by expulsion. See Crane 2003, পৃ. 46–47, Chapter 4
↑ Mercator's workshops produced items such as globes in a steady stream. The records of the Plantin Press show that they received 1150 maps and globes from Mercator over a thirty year period (Clair 1971; Voets 1962, পৃ. 171–232; Imhof 2012, পৃ. 103–114): in particular they sold 185 copies of the 1569 world map in three years. At the same time Mercator was selling items at the regular international Frankfurt Book Fair and selling direct from his own workshop.
↑ A speculative model of the double globe was constructed by Wilhelm Kruecken for the Duisburg commemorations of the 400th anniversary of Mercator's death.
↑ গণিত উদ্ভববিজ্ঞান প্রকল্পে Mercator
↑ Wiktionary definition of atlas
↑ "Mercator's Google doodle"।
↑ In the two online copies of the Chronologia listed under Mercator 1569 the first includes a mention of Luther for the year 1516 (bottom left), "Bayerische Staatsbibliothek"। In the second the paragraph has been obliterated "Hathi Trust"।
↑ "Mercator" at Webster's Dictionary
↑ Local New Latin pronunciation: /ɣɛˈrardʊs/ or /gɛˈrardʊs ˈmɛrkatɔr/.
↑ In English speaking countries Gerardus is usually anglicized as Gerard with a soft initial letter (as in 'giant') but in other European countries the spelling and pronunciation vary: for example Gérard (soft 'g') in France but Gerhard (hard 'g') in Germany. In English the second syllable of Mercator is stressed and sounds as Kate: in other countries that syllable is sounded as 'cat' and the stress moves to the third syllable.
↑ Mercator's birth and death dates are given in Vita Mercatoris (The life of Mercator) by his friend and first biographer Walter Ghim. This was published in the preface to the Atlas of 1595. A translation is given in Sullivan (2000), pages 7–24 of the atlas text, pdf pages 77–94

তথ্যসূত্র

↑ Monmonier, Mark: Rhumb Lines and Map Wars: A Social History of the Mercator Projection. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004)
↑ Van der Krogt, Peter (2015), 'Chapter 6: Gerhard Mercator and his Cosmography: How the 'Atlas' became an Atlas,'; in: Gerhard Holzer, et al. (eds.), A World of Innovation: Cartography in the Time of Gerhard Mercator. (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015), pp. 112–130

বহিঃসংযোগ

[] The university statutes stated explicitly that to disbelieve the teaching of Aristotle was heretical and would be punished by expulsion. See Crane 2003, পৃ. 46–47, Chapter 4

[] Mercator's workshops produced items such as globes in a steady stream. The records of the Plantin Press show that they received 1150 maps and globes from Mercator over a thirty year period (Clair 1971; Voets 1962, পৃ. 171–232; Imhof 2012, পৃ. 103–114): in particular they sold 185 copies of the 1569 world map in three years. At the same time Mercator was selling items at the regular international Frankfurt Book Fair and selling direct from his own workshop.

[] A speculative model of the double globe was constructed by Wilhelm Kruecken for the Duisburg commemorations of the 400th anniversary of Mercator's death.

[] গণিত উদ্ভববিজ্ঞান প্রকল্পে Mercator

[] Wiktionary definition of atlas

[] "Mercator's Google doodle"।

[] In the two online copies of the Chronologia listed under Mercator 1569 the first includes a mention of Luther for the year 1516 (bottom left), "Bayerische Staatsbibliothek"। In the second the paragraph has been obliterated "Hathi Trust"।

[dictionary.com-1] "Mercator" at Webster's Dictionary

[pronumciation1-2] Local New Latin pronunciation: /ɣɛˈrardʊs/ or /gɛˈrardʊs ˈmɛrkatɔr/.

[pronumciation2-3] In English speaking countries Gerardus is usually anglicized as Gerard with a soft initial letter (as in 'giant') but in other European countries the spelling and pronunciation vary: for example Gérard (soft 'g') in France but Gerhard (hard 'g') in Germany. In English the second syllable of Mercator is stressed and sounds as Kate: in other countries that syllable is sounded as 'cat' and the stress moves to the third syllable.

[birthdeathdates-4] Mercator's birth and death dates are given in Vita Mercatoris (The life of Mercator) by his friend and first biographer Walter Ghim. This was published in the preface to the Atlas of 1595. A translation is given in Sullivan (2000), pages 7–24 of the atlas text, pdf pages 77–94

[5] Monmonier, Mark: Rhumb Lines and Map Wars: A Social History of the Mercator Projection. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004)

[Krogt2015-6] Van der Krogt, Peter (2015), 'Chapter 6: Gerhard Mercator and his Cosmography: How the 'Atlas' became an Atlas,'; in: Gerhard Holzer, et al. (eds.), A World of Innovation: Cartography in the Time of Gerhard Mercator. (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015), pp. 112–130

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