1200s decade
Millennium |
---|
2nd millennium |
Centuries |
Decades |
Years |
Categories |
The 1200s began on January 1, 1200, and ended on December 31, 1209.
{Events by year for decade|120} }
Significant people
Births
1200
- January 19 – Dōgen Zenji, founder of the Sōtō Zen school (d. 1253)[1]
- January – Theobald le Botiller, Norman nobleman and knight (d. 1230)
- March 24 – John dal Bastone, Italian monk and preacher (d. 1290)[citation needed]
- September – Philip I, French prince and nobleman (House of Capet) (d. 1235)[2]
- October 9 – Isabel Marshal, English countess and regent (d. 1240)[3]
- October 22 – Louis IV (the Saint), landgrave of Thuringia (d. 1227)
- unknown dates
- Alix (or Alis), Breton noblewoman (House of Thouars) (d. 1221)
- Ingerd Jakobsdatter, Danish noblewoman and landowner (d. 1258)[4]
- Ulrich von Liechtenstein, German minnesinger and poet (d. 1275)[5]
- probable
- Adam Marsh, English Franciscan scholar and theologian (d. 1259)
- Chen Rong (Ch'en Jung), Chinese painter and politician (d. 1266)[6]
- Jutta of Kulmsee, German noblewoman, hermit and saint (d. 1260)[7]
- Matthew Paris, English Benedictine monk and chronicler (d. 1259)[citation needed]
- Rolandino of Padua, Italian professor, jurist and writer (d. 1276)[8]
- Rudolf von Ems, German nobleman, knight and poet (d. 1254)[9]
1201
- February 18 – Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Persian scientist and writer (d. 1274)
- May 30 – Theobald I (the Troubadour), French nobleman (d. 1253)
- August 9 – Arnold Fitz Thedmar, English chronicler and writer (d. 1274)
- October 9 – Robert de Sorbon, French monk and theologian (d. 1274)
- October 10 – Richard de Fournival, French philosopher (d. 1260)
- Agnes of the Palatinate, duchess of Bavaria (House of Guelf) (d. 1267)
- Danylo Romanovych, ruler (knyaz) of Galicia–Volhynia (d. 1264)
- Diana degli Andalò (or d'Andalo), Italian nun and saint (d. 1236)
- Eison, Japanese Buddhist scholar-monk and disciple (d. 1290)
- Thomas of Cantimpré, Flemish priest and preacher (d. 1272)
- Uriyangkhadai, Mongol general and son of Subutai (d. 1272)
1202
- Alfonso of Molina, prince of León and Castile (d. 1272)
- Boniface II (the Giant), king of Thessalonica (d. 1253)
- Enni, Japanese Buddhist monk and teacher (d. 1280)
- Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen, queen of Bohemia (d. 1248)
- Margaret of Constantinople, countess of Flanders (d. 1280)
- Matilda II of Boulogne, queen consort of Portugal (d. 1259)
- Mōri Suemitsu, Japanese nobleman and samurai (d. 1247)
- Qin Jiushao, Chinese mathematician and writer (d. 1261)
- Shi Tianze, Chinese general and prime minister (d. 1275)
1203
- January 10 – Abu Shama, Arab historian and writer (d. 1267)
- Abu Zakariya Yahya, ruler of the Hafsid Sultanate (d. 1249)
- Bi Bi Monajemeh Nishaburi, Persian astronomer (d. 1280)
- Cecilia Cesarini, Italian Dominican nun and saint (d. 1290)
- Donnchadh, Scottish ruler (mormaer) of Mar (d. 1244)
- Eva Marshal, Cambro-Norman noblewoman (d. 1246)
- Hamuro Mitsutoshi, Japanese waka poet (d. 1276)
- Hōjō Tokiuji, Japanese nobleman and spy (d. 1230)
- Ibn Abi Usaybi'a, Syrian physician and historian (d. 1270)
- Kujō Motoie, Japanese nobleman and poet (d. 1280)
- Mindaugas (or Mendog), king of Lithuania (d. 1263)
- Peter II ("the Little Charlemagne"), count of Savoy (d. 1268)
- Sengaku, Japanese Buddhist monk and writer (d. 1273)
- Vasilko Romanovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1269)
- Xueting Fuyu, Chinese Zen Buddhist abbot (d. 1275)
- Zakariya al-Qazwini, Persian astronomer (d. 1283)
1204
- April 14 – Henry I, king of Castile (d. 1217)[10]
- Haakon IV of Norway (d. 1263)[11]
- Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia (d. 1247)[12]
- Maria of Courtenay, Empress regent of Nicaea (d. 1228)
- Alice of Schaerbeek (d. 1250)[13]
1205
- January 26 – Li Zong (or Zhao Yun), Chinese emperor (d. 1264)
- February 25 - Jirjis al-Makin Ibn al-'Amid, Egyptian historian and writer (d. after 1280)[citation needed][14]
- March (or May) – Elisabeth of Swabia, queen of Castile and León (d. 1235)[15]
- July 10 – Hōjō Masamura, Japanese nobleman (d. 1273)
- November 5 – As-Salih Ayyub, Ayyubid ruler (d. 1249)
- unknown dates
- Bruno von Schauenburg, Bohemian bishop (d. 1281)[16]
- Demetrius of Montferrat, king of Thessalonica (d. 1230)[citation needed]
- Guy I de la Roche, duke of Athens and Thebes (d. 1263)[citation needed]
- Wenceslaus I (One-Eyed), king of Bohemia (d. 1253)[17]
- probable
- Azzo VII d'Este, Italian nobleman and knight (d. 1264)[18]
- Batu Khan, Mongol ruler of the Golden Horde (d. 1255)[19]
- Walter IV (the Great), French nobleman (d. 1246)[20]
1206
- c.March 19 – Güyük Khan (or Kuyuk), Mongol emperor (d. 1248)
- April 7 – Otto II, German nobleman (d. 1253)
- unknown dates
- An-Nasir Dawud, ruler of Damascus (d. 1261)[citation needed]
- Béla IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1270)[21]
- Hong Bok-won, Korean general and official (d. 1258)[22]
- Sheikh Edebali, Ottoman religious leader (d. 1326)[23]
- Yaghmurasen ibn Zyan, Zayyanid ruler (d. 1283)[24]
- probable
- Margaret de Quincy, English noblewoman (d. 1266)[25]
- Maria Laskarina, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1270)[citation needed]
1207
- July 7 – Elizabeth of Hungary, Hungarian princess (d. 1231)
- August 13 – Malik ibn al-Murahhal, Moroccan poet (d. 1299)
- September 30 – Rumi, Persian scholar and mystic (d. 1273)
- October 1 – Henry III (Winchester), English king (d. 1272)
- Adelasia of Torres, Italian noblewoman and judge (d. 1259)
- Canute (or Knud Valdemarsen), duke of Estonia (d. 1260)
- Elen ferch Llywelyn (the Elder), English countess (d. 1253)
- Fujiwara no Akiuji, Japanese nobleman and poet (d. 1274)
- Fujiwara no Ariko, Japanese empress consort (d. 1286)
- Gilbert Marshal, English nobleman and knight (d. 1241)
- Henry II, Dutch nobleman (House of Reginar) (d. 1248)
- Jakuen, Japanese Buddhist monk and scholar (d. 1299)
- John of Scotland, Scottish nobleman and knight (d. 1237)
- Margaret of Louvain, Flemish servant and saint (d. 1237)
- Ottone Visconti, Italian nobleman and archbishop (d. 1295)
- Philip I, French nobleman (House of Savoy) (d. 1285)
- Raymond II (or Raimond), French nobleman (d. 1263)
- Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi, Persian philosopher (d. 1274)
- Vladislaus II, Bohemian nobleman and knight (d. 1227)
1208
- February 2 – James I ("the Conqueror"), king of Aragon (d. 1276)
- Ada van Holland, Dutch noblewoman and abbess (d. 1258)
- Berke Khan, Mongol ruler of the Golden Horde (d. 1266)
- Bolesław I of Masovia, Polish nobleman and knight (d. 1248)
- Coloman of Galicia, Hungarian prince of Halych (d. 1241)
- Gissur Þorvaldsson, Icelandic chieftain (or goði) (d. 1268)
- Kolbeinn ungi Arnórsson, Icelandic chieftain (d. 1245)
- Knut Haakonsson, Norwegian nobleman (jarl) (d. 1261)
- Margaret Skulesdatter, queen consort of Norway (d. 1270)
- Sempad the Constable, Armenian nobleman (d. 1276)
- Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, English nobleman (d. 1265)
- Thomas de Beaumont, English nobleman (d. 1242)
1209
- January 5 – Richard of Cornwall, English nobleman (d. 1272)
- January 11 – Möngke Khan, Mongol emperor (khagan) (d. 1259)
- June 25 – Fujiwara no Shunshi, Japanese empress (d. 1233)
- September 8 – Sancho II (the Pious), king of Portugal (d. 1248)
- December 7 – Vasilko Konstantinovich, Kievan prince (d. 1238)
- Bettisia Gozzadini, Italian female scholar and jurist (d. 1261)
- Choe Hang, Korean general and dictator (d. 1257)
- Gilbert of Preston, English Chief Justice (d. 1274)
- Haji Bektash Veli, Persian philosopher (d. 1271)
- Kuniko (or Hoshi), Japanese empress (d. 1283)
- Roger Bigod, English nobleman and knight (d. 1270)
- Shang Ting, Chinese calligrapher and poet (d. 1288)
- Valdemar III (the Young), king of Denmark (d. 1231)
- Walter Marshal, English nobleman and knight (d. 1245)
- Xu Heng, Chinese official and philosopher (d. 1281)
Deaths
1200
- January 13 – Otto I, German nobleman (House of Hohenstaufen)
- January 14 – Odo of Novara, Italian priest and saint (b. 1105)
- January 20 – Odo of Canterbury, English abbot and theologian
- February 6
- Kajiwara Kagesue, Japanese nobleman (b. 1162)
- Kajiwara Kagetoki, Japanese samurai and spy
- April 8 – Adalbert III (or Vojtěch), German archbishop (b. 1145)
- April 23 – Zhu Xi, Chinese historian and philosopher (b. 1130)
- May 25 – Nicholas I, German nobleman (House of Mecklenburg)
- July 16 – Li Fengniang (or Cixian), Chinese empress (b. 1144)
- July 26 – Raymond of Piacenza (the Palmer), Italian pilgrim
- September 19 – Alberic III of Dammartin, French nobleman
- September 17 – Guang Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1147) [26]
- September 24 – Heinrich Walpot, German Grand Master
- October 25 – Conrad of Wittelsbach, German archbishop
- November 16 – Hugh of Avalon, French monk and bishop
- December 12 – Lochlann of Galloway, Scottish nobleman
- December 14 – Han (or Gongshu), Chinese empress (b. 1165)
- Adachi Morinaga, Japanese Buddhist warrior monk (b. 1135)
- Benedicta Ebbesdotter of Hvide, queen of Sweden (or 1199)
- Gilbert Horal, Spanish Grand Master of the Knights Templar
- Inpumon'in no Tayū, Japanese noblewoman and poet (b. 1130)
- Joel ben Isaac ha-Levi, German rabbi and Tosafist (b. 1115)
- Liu Wansu, Chinese physician of the Jin Dynasty (b. 1110)
- Nicholas of Amiens, French theologian and writer (b. 1147)
- Nigel de Longchamps, English satirist (approximate date)
- Osbern of Gloucester, English lexicographical writer (b. 1123)
- William FitzRalph, English nobleman and knight (b. 1140)
1201
- March 1 – Shikishi, Japanese princess, poet and writer (b. 1149)
- March 21 – Absalon, Danish archbishop and statesman (b. 1128)
- March 22 – Jarosław of Opole, Polish duke and bishop (b. 1145)
- April – Bohemond III (the Stammerer), prince of Antioch (b. 1148)[27]
- April 7 – Baha al-Din Qaraqush, Egyptian regent and architect[28]
- May 24 – Theobald III, French nobleman and knight (b. 1179)
- June 16 – Ibn al-Jawzi, Arab historian and philologist (b. 1116)
- June 20 – Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani, Persian historian (b. 1125)
- July – Agnes of Merania, queen consort of King Philip II of France (Augustus)[29]
- July 25 – Gruffydd ap Rhys II, Welsh prince of Deheubarth
- July 31 – John Komnenos (the Fat), Byzantine nobleman
- August 20 – Gardolf of Hertbeke, bishop of Halberstadt
- September 5 – Constance, duchess of Brittany (b. 1161)
- December 7 or 8 – Bolesław I (the Tall), Duke of Wroclaw, Polish nobleman and knight (b. 1127)
- December 27 – Banafsha bint Abdullah al-Rumiyyah, spouse of Abbasīd caliph al-Mustadi[citation needed]
- unknown dates
- Fulk of Neuilly (or Foulques), French priest and preacher
- Guglielmo Grasso, Genoese merchant, pirate and admiral[30]
- Margaret of Huntingdon, Duchess of Brittany, Scottish princess (b. 1145)
- Walchelin de Ferriers (or Walkelin), Norman nobleman
1202
- January 9 – Birger Brosa, Swedish nobleman and knight
- January 12 – Fujiwara no Tashi, Japanese empress (b. 1140)
- March 9 – Sverre Sigurdsson (or Sverrir), king of Norway
- March 13 – Mieszko III (the Old), duke of Poland (b. 1126)
- March 30 – Joachim of Fiore, Italian theologian (b. 1135)
- April 5 – Geoffrey III (or IV), French nobleman and knight
- May 7 – Hamelin de Warenne, Norman nobleman (b. 1130)
- May 10 – Mu'adzam Shah of Kedah, Malaysian sultan
- June 16 – Aymer (or Adhemar), count of Angoulême
- August 8 – Simon I, German nobleman and knight
- August 10 – Ulrich II, German nobleman and knight
- November 12 – Canute VI, king of Denmark (b. 1163)
- December 3 – Conrad of Querfurt, German bishop
- Alain de Lille, French theologian and writer (b. 1128)
- Albert of Chiatina, Italian archpriest and saint (b. 1135)
- André de Chauvigny (or Andrew), French knight (b. 1150)
- Bernard of Fézensaguet, French nobleman (b. 1155)
- Blondel de Nesle (or Jean I), French trouvère (b. 1155)
- Eugenius of Palermo, Italian admiral and poet (b. 1130)
- Geoffroy de Donjon, French Grand Master and knight
- Hammad al-Harrani, Ayyubid scholar, poet and traveler
- Jakuren, Japanese Buddhist priest and poet (b. 1139)
- Kojijū, Japanese noblewoman and waka poet (b. 1121)
- Minamoto no Yoshishige, Japanese samurai (b. 1135)
- Roger de Beaumont, English chancellor and bishop
- William of the White Hands, French cardinal (b. 1135)
1203
- January – Sayyida Zumurrud Khatun, umm al-walad (mother) of the Abbasid caliph
- January 12 – Martin of León, Spanish priest (b. 1130)
- January 21 – Agnes II, abbess of Quedlinburg in Saxony (b. 1139)
- March – Hedwig, margravine of Meissen (b. 1140)
- April 6 – William of Æbelholt, French churchman (b. 1125)
- May – Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd, Welsh prince[31]
- July 12 – Isabel de Warenne, English noblewoman
- July 21 – Harvey I of Léon, Breton nobleman (b. 1153)
- September 11 – Stephen of Tournai, French bishop (b. 1128)
- October 8
- Hiki Yoshikazu, Japanese warrior and nobleman
- Minamoto no Ichiman, Japanese nobleman (b. 1198)
- November 4 – Dirk VII, Dutch nobleman and knight
- November 30 – Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi, Arab scholar and jurist (b. 1146)[32]
- unknown dates
- 'Abdallah ibn Ghaniya, Almoravid ruler of Mallorca
- Alexios Palaiologos, Byzantine heir apparent[33]
- Gille Críst, Scottish nobleman and knight[34]
- William de Stuteville, English nobleman[35]
- probable
- Eudokia Komnene, Byzantine noblewoman
- Siraj al-Din al-Sajawandi, Persian scholar[36]
- Toghrul (or Wang Khan), Mongol leader[37]
1204
- January 1 – King Haakon III of Norway[11]
- January – Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine emperor[38]
- February 8 – Alexios IV Angelos, Byzantine emperor[39]
- April 1 – Eleanor of Aquitaine, Sovereign Duchess Regnant of Aquitaine, queen of France and England[40]
- August 11 – King Guttorm of Norway[41]
- August 14 – Minamoto no Yoriie, Japanese shōgun (b. 1182)[42]
- September 30 or November 30 – Emeric, King of Hungary (b. 1174)[43]
- c. October 21 – Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester, English nobleman[44]
- November – Ban Kulin, ruler of Bosnia (b. 1163)[45]
- December 12 (or December 13) – Maimonides, Spanish rabbi and philosopher (b. 1135)[46]
- December 22 – Fujiwara no Shunzei, Japanese waka poet (b. 1114)[47]
- date unknown – Suleiman II, Sultan of Rûm[48]
- probable – Amalric of Bena, French theologian[49]
1205
- January 2 – Baldwin II, French nobleman and knight
- April 1 – Aimery of Cyprus (or Amaury), king of Jerusalem
- April 5 – Isabella I, queen and regent of Jerusalem (b. 1172)
- April 14
- Garnier de Traînel (or Traisnel), French bishop
- Louis I, French nobleman and knight (b. 1172)
- May 7 – Ladislaus III, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1200)
- May/June – Enrico Dandolo (or Henry), doge of Venice (b. 1107)[50]
- June 14 – Walter III (or Gautier), French nobleman
- June 19 – Roman Mstislavich, Kievan prince (b. 1152)
- July 4 – Otto II (the Generous), German nobleman
- July 10 – Hatakeyama Shigeyasu, Japanese samurai
- July 13 – Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury
- August 8 – Savaric FitzGeldewin, English bishop
- unknown dates
- Sibylla of Acerra, queen and regent of Sicily (b. 1153)[citation needed]
- probable – Baldwin I, emperor of the Latin Empire (b. 1172)
1206
- February 4 – Theobald Walter, Norman High Sheriff (b. 1165)
- March 5 – Thietmar of Minden (or Dietmar), German bishop
- April 5 – Ottaviano di Paoli, Italian cardinal-bishop and diplomat[52]
- April 7 – Frederick I, German nobleman (House of Lorraine)
- April 16 – Kujō Yoshitsune, Japanese nobleman (b. 1169)
- April 23 – Suero Rodríguez, Spanish knight and Grand Master
- June 4 – Adela of Champagne, queen of France (b. 1140)
- unknown dates
- Artaldus (or Arthaud), French priest and bishop (b. 1101)[53]
- Harald Maddadsson, Norwegian nobleman (b. 1134)[54]
- Huan Zong, Chinese emperor of Western Xia (b. 1177)[55]
- Ismail al-Jazari, Artuqid polymath and inventor (b. 1136)[citation needed]
- Muhammad of Ghor, ruler of the Ghurid Empire (b. 1149)[citation needed]
- William de Burgh, English nobleman (House of Burke)[56]
- Yang Wanli, Chinese politician and poet (b. 1127)[citation needed]
1207
- February 7 – Sambor I, duke of Pomerania (b. 1150)
- March 1 – Fernando Afonso, Portuguese Grand Master[57]
- May 3 – Fujiwara no Kanezane, Japanese nobleman
- May 7 – Abdul Razzaq Gilani, Persian jurist (b. 1134)
- June 6 – Gerardo dei Tintori, Italian mystic (b. 1134)
- June 13 – Xie, Chinese empress consort (b. 1135)
- June 19 – Ubaldo Lanfranchi, Italian archbishop
- August 21 – Simon of Wells, bishop of Chichester
- September 4
- Boniface I of Montferrat, Italian nobleman
- Raimbaut de Vaqueiras, French troubadour
- October – Kaloyan, ruler (tsar) of the Bulgarian Empire[58]
- October 3 – Xin Qiji, Chinese general and poet (b. 1140)
- November 3 – Hartwig II, German archbishop
- November 24 – Han Tuozhou, Chinese statesman (b. 1152)
- unknown date – Amalric of Bena, French theologian and mystic
- probable
- Bona of Pisa, Italian nun and mystic (b. 1156)
- David Soslan, Alanian prince and king consort[59]
1208
- January 15 – Pierre de Castelnau, French priest (assassinated)[60]
- January 28 – Julian of Cuenca, Spanish bishop (b. 1127)
- February 18 – Mark Ibn Kunbar, Egyptian Coptic priest
- April 22 – Philip of Poitou (or Poitiers), bishop of Durham
- June 21 – Philip of Swabia, king of Germany (b. 1177)
- August 27 – Irene Angelina, queen consort of Sicily and Germany
- August 29 – Dietrich von Kittlitz, bishop of Meissen
- October 6 – Geoffrey de Muschamp, bishop of Coventry
- November 9 – Sancha of Castile, queen consort of Aragon
- December 29 – Zhangzong of Jin, Chinese emperor (b. 1168)
- Bridget Haraldsdotter, queen consort of Sweden (approximate date)
- Ermengol VIII (or Armengol), count of Urgell (b. 1158)
- Kolbeinn Tumason, Icelandic chieftain and poet (b. 1173)
- Knut Birgersson, Swedish nobleman (jarl) and knight
- Leo Sgouros (or Sgurus), Byzantine governor and despot
- Peter of Angoulême, Latin bishop and patriarch of Antioch
- William IV of Forcalquier, French nobleman (b. 1130)
- Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Israili, Egyptian Jewish physician
1209
- January 10 – William of Donjeon, French archbishop (b. 1140)
- January 13 – Matilda of Saxony, German noblewoman (b. 1172)
- March 7 – Otto VIII, count palatine of Bavaria (approximate date)
- April 2 – Elisabeth of Greater Poland, Polish princess (b. 1152)
- May 16 – Ji Gong (or Daoji), Chinese Buddhist monk (b. 1130)
- September 12 – Fujiwara no Kinshi, Japanese empress (b. 1134)
- November 10 – Raymond Roger, French nobleman (b. 1185)
- November 12 – Phillipe de Plessis, French Grand Master (b. 1165)
- Albrecht von Johansdorf, German minnesänger (approximate date)
- Alfonso II (Berenguer), Spanish nobleman and knight (b. 1180)
- Arnold of Altena, German nobleman and knight (b. 1166)
- Berenguier de Palazol (or Palou), Spanish troubadour
- Gaucelm Faidit, French troubadour (approximate date)
- John of Hexham, English monk and chronicler (b. 1160)
- Lu You, Chinese historian, poet and writer (b. 1125)
- Margaret of Sweden, queen consort of Norway (b. 1155)
- Nizami Ganjavi, Persian mystic poet and writer (b. 1141)
- Petrus Riga, French priest and poet (approximate date)
- Rigord, French monk and chronicler (approximate date)
- Ruzbihan Baqli, Persian Sufi master and poet (b. 1128)
- Walter Map, English diplomat and historian (b. 1140)[61]
References
- ^ 1200s (decade) at the Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ Harvard Historical Monographs, Volume 59. Harvard University Press. 1932. p. 9.
- ^ David Faris (1996). Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists. Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 225. ISBN 9780806315188.
- ^ "Ingerd Jakobsdatter". Dansk kvindebiografisk leksikon. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ Freed, John B.Noble Bondsmen: Ministerial Marriages in the Archdiocese of Salzburg, 1100–1343 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995) Page 250
- ^ Barnhart, R. M. et al. (1997). Three thousand years of Chinese painting. New Haven, Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07013-6. Page 372.
- ^ "Jutta von Sangerhausen". Heiligen Lexikon (in German). Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ "Rolandino da Padova". Enciclopedia Italiana.
- ^ 1200s (decade) in the German National Library catalogue
- ^ Thomas, Joseph (1870). Universal Pronouncing Dictionary of Biography and Mythology. Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott and Company. p. 1166.
- ^ a b Wise, Leonard F.; Hansen, Mark Hillary; Egan, E. W. (2005). Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 218. ISBN 9781402725920.
- ^ Martin, Therese, ed. (2012). Reassessing the Roles of Women as 'Makers' of Medieval Art and Architecture (2 Vol. Set). Visualizing the Middle Ages. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 1078. ISBN 9789004185555.
- ^ State, Paul F. (2015). Historical Dictionary of Brussels. Lanham, Boulder, New York, Toronto, Plymouth: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 30. ISBN 9780810879218.
- ^ Moawad, Samuel (August 2012). Thomas, David (ed.). Christian-Muslim Relations A Bibliographical History Volume 4 (1200 - 1350). Leiden Boston: Brill Publishers (published 2012). p. 566.
{cite book}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ (ES)Luis Suárez Fernández, Historia de Espana antigua y media, (Ediciones Rialp, S.A., 1976), 29.
- ^ Biographical Index of the Middle Ages. Walter de Gruyter. 2011. p. 201. ISBN 9783110914160.
- ^ Joseph Thomas (2010). The Universal Dictionary of Biography and Mythology: Pro - Zyp. Cosimo, Incorporated. p. 2253. ISBN 9781616400743.
- ^ Marcellinus Verardus; Antonio Loschi; Gregorio Corraro, eds. (2011). Humanist Tragedies. Harvard University Press. p. 302. ISBN 9780674057258.
- ^ "Batu, Khan of the Golden Horde: The Mongol Khans Conquer Russia (The Silk Road Series)". Association for Asian Studies. Retrieved 2023-12-26.
- ^ Martin Shaw Briggs (1911). In the Heel of Italy: A Study of an Unknown City. Duffield & Company. p. 109.
- ^ Almási, Tibor (1994). "IV. Béla; Gertrúd". In Kristó, Gyula; Engel, Pál; Makk, Ferenc (eds.). Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század) [Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)] (in Hungarian). Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. 92–93, 234. ISBN 963-05-6722-9.
- ^ Oleg Pirozhenko, 'Political Trends of Hong Bog Won Clan in the Period of Mongol Domination', International Journal of Korean History, Vol. 9 (2005); available at http://ijkh.khistory.org/journal/view.php?number=469; English translation here: http://ijkh.khistory.org/upload/pdf/9-08_oleg%20pirozhenko.pdf
- ^ Şahin, Kamil (1994). "EDEBÂLI". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 10 (Dûmetülcendel – Elbi̇se) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 393–394. ISBN 978-975-389-437-1.
- ^ a et b Ibn Khaldoun, Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale, traduction du baron de Slane (tome III), Ed. Imprimerie du Gouvernement (Alger), 1856 (read online)
- ^ Wilkinson, Louise J. (2000) "Pawn and Political Player: Observations on the Life of a Thirteenth-Century Countess" Historical Research Vol. 73 No. 181, pp. 105-123.
- ^ Michael Dillon (1 December 2016). Encyclopedia of Chinese History. Taylor & Francis. pp. 638–. ISBN 978-1-317-81716-1.
- ^ Burgtorf, Jochen (2016). "The Antiochene war of succession". In Boas, Adrian J. (ed.). The Crusader World. The University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 196–211. ISBN 978-0-415-82494-1.
- ^ De Slane, Mac Guckin (1843). Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, Translated from The Arabic. Volume II. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. p. 251.
- ^ public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Agnes of Meran". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 378. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ Basso, Enrico (2002). "Grasso, Guglielmo". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Volume 58: Gonzales–Graziani (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.
- ^ Pryce, Huw (2010-10-15). The Acts of Welsh Rulers, 1120-1283. University of Wales Press. p. 334. ISBN 978-0-7083-2387-8.
- ^ "Biodata". MuslimScholars.info. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ Vannier, Jean-François (1986). "Les premiers Paléologues. Étude généalogique et prosopographique" [The First Palaiologoi. Genealogical and Prosopographical Study]. In Cheynet, Jean-Claude; Vannier, Jean-François (eds.). Études Prosopographiques [Prosopographic Studies] (in French). Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne. pp. 171–172. ISBN 978-2-85944-110-4.
- ^ Oram, Richard D., "The Earls and Earldom of Mar, c1150-1300", Steve Boardman and Alasdair Ross (eds.) The Exercise of Power in Medieval Scotland, c.1200-1500, (Dublin/Portland, 2003), pp. 46–66
- ^ This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Stuteville, Robert de". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ^ الزركلي, خير الدين. الأعلام - ج 7 : محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث (in Arabic). IslamKotob.
- ^ Cite warning:
<ref>
tag with nameJW
cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined in this article at all. - ^ Carr, John (2015). Fighting Emperors of Byzantium. Barnsley: Pen and Sword. p. 269. ISBN 9781473856400.
- ^ Saint-Guillain, Guillaume (2011). "Tales of San Marco: Venetian Historiography and Thirteenth-century Byzantine Prosopography". In Herrin, Judith; Saint-Guillain, Guillaume (eds.). Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean After 1204. Surrey and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 274. ISBN 9781409410980.
- ^ Koestler-Grack, Rachel A. (2005). Eleanor of Aquitaine: Heroine of the Middle Ages. Philadelphia, PA: Infobase Publishing. p. 138. ISBN 9781438104164.
- ^ Þórðarson, Sturla (2012). "The Saga of Hacon, Hacon's Son". Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen of the British Isles. Vol. 4: The Saga of Hacon, and a Fragment of the Saga of Magnus, with Appendices. Translated by George Webbe Dasent. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 2. ISBN 9781108052498.
- ^ Henshall, Kenneth (2013). Historical Dictionary of Japan to 1945. Lanham, Toronto, Plymouth: Scarecrow Press. p. 257. ISBN 9780810878723.
- ^ Jaritz, Gerhard; Szende, Katalin (2016). Medieval East Central Europe in a Comparative Perspective: From Frontier Zones to Lands in Focus. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 9781317212249.
- ^ Bartlett, Robert (2013) [2000]. England under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075-1225. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192547378.
- ^ Clancy, Tim (2017) [2004]. Bosnia & Herzegovina 5. Chalfont St Peter and Guilford: Bradt Travel Guides. p. 260. ISBN 9781784770181.
- ^ Seeskin, Kenneth (1991). Maimonides: A Guide for Today's Perplexed. Millburn, NJ: Behrman House, Inc. pp. xv. ISBN 9780874415094.
- ^ "Fujiwara Shunzei | Japanese poet and critic". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
- ^ Laale, Hans Willer (2011). Ephesus (Ephesos): An Abbreviated History from Androclus to Constantine XI. Bloomington, IN: WestBow Press. p. 394. ISBN 9781449716189.
- ^ Eleyot, Lawrence (2016). Philosophy of One on the Many. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse. ISBN 9781524635817.
- ^ Okey. Venice and its Story. p. 167.
- ^ Kazhdan, Alexander (1991). "Aspietes". In Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 211–212. ISBN 0-19-504652-8.
- ^ Conradus Eubel (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. p. 35.
- ^ Paul Burns; Alban Butler (1995). Butler's Lives of the Saints. Burns & Oates. p. 47. ISBN 9780860122593.
- ^ William P. L. Thomson (1987). History of Orkney. Mercat Press. p. 77. ISBN 9780901824820.
- ^ Shi, Jinbo (2021-06-01). The Empire of Western Xia and the Tangut Economy. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-46132-1.
- ^ B. Smith, "Burgh, Richard de (died 1243)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. online edition, Oxford University Press, (2004), [author states, "Burgh, Richard de (d. 1243), justiciar of Ireland, was the son of William de Burgh (d. 1206)".].
- ^ Delaville Le Roulx, Joseph (1904). Les Hospitaliers en Terre Sainte et à Chypre (1100-1310). E. Leroux, Paris. p. 101.
- ^ Madgearu, Alexandru (2016). The Asanids: The Political and Military History of the Second Bulgarian Empire, 1185–1280. BRILL. p. 153. ISBN 978-9-004-32501-2.
- ^ Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (2002). Women in World History: Sul-Vica. Yorkin Publications. p. 144. ISBN 9780787640743.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 591.
- ^ Ashley, Leonard (2013). The Complete Book of Vampires. Souvenir Press. p. 71. ISBN 9780285642270.
External links
- Media related to 1200s at Wikimedia Commons