Alfred Herrhausen

Alfred Herrhausen (1985)

Alfred Herrhausen (30 January 1930 in Essen – 30 November 1989 in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe) was a German banker and the Chairman of Deutsche Bank, who was assassinated in 1989.[1] He was a member of the Steering Committee of the Bilderberg Group[2] and from 1971 onwards a member of Deutsche Bank's management board. An advisor to Helmut Kohl and a proponent of a unified European economy, he was also an influential figure in shaping the policies towards developing countries.[1][3] He was assassinated, probably by the West German far-left terrorist group Red Army Faction, when an explosively formed projectile penetrated his armoured convoy.

Assassination

Herrhausen was killed by a sophisticated roadside bomb shortly after leaving his home in Bad Homburg on 30 November 1989.[4] He was being chauffeured to work in his armoured Mercedes-Benz car, with bodyguards in both a lead vehicle and another following behind.[1] The 7 kg bomb was hidden in a bag on a bicycle parked next to the road that the assassins knew Herrhausen would be traveling in his convoy. The bicycle had been consistently parked sans explosive in the same location along Herrhausen's route for an extended period of time before the assassination, and it was therefore ignored by Herrhausen's security. The bomb was detonated when Herrhausen's car interrupted a beam of infrared light as it passed the bicycle. The bomb targeted the most vulnerable area of Herrhausen's car – the door where he was sitting – and required split-second timing to overcome the car's special armour plating. The bomb utilized a Misnay–Schardin mechanism. A copper plate, placed between the explosive and the target, was deformed and projected by the force of the explosion. The detonation resulted in a mass of copper being projected toward the car at a speed of nearly two kilometres per second, efficiently penetrating the armoured Mercedes. Herrhausen's legs were severed and he bled to death.

The Red Army Faction claimed responsibility for the assassination.[5]

Aftermath

Memorial marking the site of Herrhausen's assassination

No one has ever been charged with the murder. For a long time[when?], the German federal prosecutor's office listed Andrea Klump and Christoph Seidler of the Red Army Faction as the only suspects. The Federal Criminal Police Office (Germany) presented a chief witness, Siegfried Nonne, who later retracted his statements in which he claimed to have sheltered four terrorists in his home. His half-brother Hugo Föller furthermore declared that no other persons had been at the flat at the time. On 1 July 1992 German television broadcast Nonne's explanations of how he was coached and threatened by the Verfassungsschutz, the German internal intelligence agency, to become the main witness. In the same year, the Alfred Herrhausen Society was established to honour his memory.[6][7] In 2004 the federal prosecutor dropped the charges against the Red Army Faction; the investigation was to continue without naming a suspect. Certain German and US media connected the assassination of Alfred Herrhausen to the Staatssicherheitsdienst (Stasi) of the GDR.[8]

Members of the West German Federal Council hold a moment of silence for the death of Herrhausen.

Some reports in the 21st century have claimed that future Russian president Vladimir Putin, then a KGB agent in Dresden, East Germany, was the handler of the Red Army Faction members involved in the assassination.[9] However, a 2023 investigation by Der Spiegel reported that the anonymous source behind those reports had never been an RAF member and was "considered a notorious fabulist" with "several previous convictions, including for making false statements."[10]

In 2008, journalist Carolin Emcke published Stumme Gewalt (Mute Force), a memorial to Herrhausen, her godfather, encouraging dialogues between groups in societies, dialogues without violence, revenge and disrespect.[11] She received the Theodor Wolff Prize for the text.[12]

In popular culture

  • The 2001 German documentary film Black Box BRD retells the lives and deaths of Herrhausen and Wolfgang Grams, a RAF member who was a major suspect in the attack on Herrhausen.[13]
  • The assassination is depicted in Deutschland 89 episode 4.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Protzman, Ferdinand. "Head of Top West German Bank Is Killed in Bombing by Terrorists", The New York Times, 1 December 1989. Accessed 5 January 2016.
  2. ^ "Former Steering Committee Members". bilderbergmeetings.org. Bilderberg Group. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
  3. ^ Dittmer, Diana. "Mord an Herrhausen bleibt ein Rätsel", N-TV, 28 November 2014. Accessed 13 January 2016.
  4. ^ Hambling, David (2008-07-29). "Superbomb Mystery: The Herrhausen Assassination". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  5. ^ Boehmer, George (30 November 1989). "West Germany's Most Powerful Banker Killed In Bomb Blast". Associated Press. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  6. ^ "Deutsche Bank Corporate Responsibility Report 2016 - Units and foundations". cr-bericht.db.com. Retrieved 2017-06-23.
  7. ^ "Alfred Herrhausen – Alfred Herrhausen Gesellschaft". www.alfred-herrhausen-gesellschaft.de (in German). Archived from the original on 2016-12-08. Retrieved 2017-06-23.
  8. ^ Crawford, David (16 September 2007). "The Murder of a CEO". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  9. ^ Belton, Catherine (20 June 2020). "Did Vladimir Putin Support Anti-Western Terrorists as a Young KGB Officer? Putin has sworn his time as a KGB officer in Dresden was uneventful. There's a lot of reason to doubt that claim". Politico. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  10. ^ Röbel, Sven (7 June 2023). "Were Vladimir Putin's Years in Germany Less Thrilling than the Stories?". Der Spiegel. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  11. ^ "Interview: "Ich möchte, dass die Täter sprechen."". Die Zeit (in German). 14 May 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  12. ^ "Theodor-Wolff-Preis 2008, prämiierter Text, Bewertung der Jury und Vita" (in German). Archived from the original on 19 September 2011.
  13. ^ Thomas Moser: Andreas Veiel: Black Box BRD. Alfred Herrhausen, die Deutsche Bank, die RAF und Wolfgang Grams. Deutschlandfunk, 23 December 2002

External links

  • Gravesite at Waldfriedhof Bad Homburg, Germany. "We must say what we think. We must do what we say. We must also be what we do."