Carausius morosus

Carausius morosus
Carausius morosus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Phasmatodea
Infraorder: Anareolatae
Family: Lonchodidae
Subfamily: Lonchodinae
Genus: Carausius
Species:
C. morosus
Binomial name
Carausius morosus
Sinéty, 1901
Synonyms

Dixippus morosus Sinéty, 1901[1][2]

Carausius morosus[1] (the 'common', 'Indian' or 'laboratory' stick insect) is a species of Phasmatodea (phasmid) often kept as pets by schools and individuals. Culture stocks originate from a collection from Tamil Nadu, India. Like the majority of the Phasmatodea, C. morosus are nocturnal. Culture stocks are parthenogenetic females that can reproduce without mating. There are no reports of males, although in captivity, gynandromorphs (individuals with both female and male characteristics) are sometimes reared.[citation needed]

Description

Photograph of C. morosus eggs.
C. morosus eggs.

Females are elongated and about 80–100 mm (3–4 in) in length, ranging from a light green to a darkish brown in colour. The front legs have red patches at the base of the forelegs, and similar but yellow patches on the mid-legs. Eggs are 2 mm (0.08 in) in length,[3] ovoid and brown, with a beige capitula at one end. When the eggs hatch, the plug opens and dark, tiny, string-like young crawl out of the opening. The eggs are haploid.

Behaviour

When disturbed, the major defence method is feigning death, the body becoming rigid, and the legs held along the line of the body. They may also be found swaying to mimic the movement of foliage in wind.

The insects feed at night, when they are active. During the day, they rest, often with legs in line with the body, on their food plants.

Accidental introductions

Due to their inconspicuous nature, accidental introductions of C. morosus have been recorded around the world, including Great Britain, South Africa and the United States, where in some cases they have become a pest.[4] Studies at San Diego Zoo found the introduced species on a large number of ornamental plants.[5]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carausius morosus.
  1. ^ a b Roskov Y.; Kunze T.; Orrell T.; Abucay L.; Paglinawan L.; Culham A.; Bailly N.; Kirk P.; Bourgoin T.; Baillargeon G.; Decock W.; De Wever A. (2011). Didžiulis V. (ed.). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  2. ^ Sinéty, Robert de (1901). Recherches sur la biologie et l'anatomie des phasmes (Thesis) (in French). J. van In & Cie.
  3. ^ Floyd, Dorothy (1987). "Stick insects that are easy to keep". Keeping stick insects. Cheadle Hulme: D. Floyd. p. 26. ISBN 0951246607.
  4. ^ Baker, E. (2015). "The worldwide status of stick insects (Insecta: Phasmida) as pests of agriculture and forestry, with a generalised theory of phasmid outbreaks". Agriculture and Food Security. 4 (22). doi:10.1186/s40066-015-0040-6. hdl:10141/615363.
  5. ^ Baker, E. (2015). "Carausius morosus in San Diego". Figshare (Data Set). doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.1304202.