Corruption Perceptions Index

The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index which ranks countries "by their perceived levels of public sector^[1] corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys."^[2] The CPI generally defines corruption as an "abuse of entrusted power for private gain".^[3] The index is published annually by the non-governmental organisation Transparency International since 1995.^[4]

The 2022 CPI, published in January 2023, currently ranks 180 countries "on a scale from 100 (very clean) to 0 (highly corrupt)" based on the situation between 1 May 2021 and 30 April 2022. Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, and Sweden are perceived as the least corrupt nations in the world, ranking consistently high among international financial transparency, while the most apparently corrupt are Syria and South Sudan (both scoring 13), Somalia (scoring 12).^[5]

Methods

Since 2012 CPI takes into account 13 different surveys and assessments^[6] from 12 different institutions.^[7] The institutions are:

African Development Bank (based in Côte d'Ivoire)
Bertelsmann Foundation (based in Germany)
Economist Intelligence Unit (based in the UK)
Freedom House (based in the US)
Global Insight (based in the US)
International Institute for Management Development (based in Switzerland)
Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (based in Hong Kong)
The PRS Group, Inc., (based in the US)
World Bank
World Economic Forum
World Justice Project (based in the US)

Countries need to be evaluated by at least three sources to appear in the CPI.^[8] The CPI measures perception of corruption due to the difficulty of measuring absolute levels of corruption.^[9] Transparency International commissioned the University of Passau's Johann Graf Lambsdorff to produce the CPI.^[10] Early CPIs used public opinion surveys.^[8]

Validity

A study published in 2002 found a "very strong significant correlation" between the Corruption Perceptions Index and two other proxies for corruption: black market activity and an overabundance of regulation.^[11]

All three metrics also had a highly significant correlation with the real gross domestic product per capita (RGDP/Cap); the Corruption Perceptions Index correlation with RGDP/Cap was the strongest, explaining over three-quarters of the variance.^[11] (Note that a lower rating on this scale reflects greater corruption so that countries with higher RGDPs generally had less corruption.)

Alex Cobham of the Center for Global Development reported in 2013 that "many of the staff and chapters" at Transparency International, the publisher of the Corruption Perceptions Index, "protest internally" over concerns about the index. The original creator of the index, Johann Graf Lambsdorff, withdrew from work on the index in 2009, stating "In 1995 I invented the Corruption Perceptions Index and have orchestrated it ever since, putting TI on the spotlight of international attention. In August 2009 I have informed Cobus de Swardt, managing director of TI, that I am no longer available for doing the Corruption Perceptions Index."^[12]

Economic implications

Research papers published in 2007 and 2008 examined the economic consequences of corruption perception, as defined by the CPI. The researchers found a correlation between a higher CPI and higher long-term economic growth,^[13] as well as an increase in GDP growth of 1.7% for every unit increase in a country's CPI score.^[14] Also shown was a power-law dependence linking higher CPI score to higher rates of foreign investment in a country.

Assessments

The Index was methodologically criticized in the past,^[15] i.e. questioned based on its methodology.

According to political scientist Dan Hough, three flaws in the Index include:^[16]

Corruption is too complex a concept to be captured by a single score. For instance, the nature of corruption in rural Kansas will be different from that in the city administration of New York, yet the Index measures them in the same way.
By measuring perceptions of corruption, as opposed to corruption itself, the Index may simply be reinforcing existing stereotypes and cliches.
The Index only measures public sector corruption, ignoring the private sector. This, for instance, means the well-publicized Libor scandal, Odebrecht case and the VW emissions scandal are not counted as corrupt actions.

Media outlets frequently use the raw numbers as a yardstick for government performance, without clarifying what the numbers mean. The local Transparency International chapter in Bangladesh disowned the index results after a change in methodology caused the country's scores to increase; media reported it as an "improvement".^[17]

In a 2013 article in Foreign Policy, Alex Cobham suggested that CPI should be dropped for the good of Transparency International. It argues that the CPI embeds a powerful and misleading elite bias in popular perceptions of corruption, potentially contributing to a vicious cycle and at the same time incentivizing inappropriate policy responses. Cobham writes, "the index corrupts perceptions to the extent that it's hard to see a justification for its continuing publication."^[18]

Recent econometric analyses that have exploited the existence of natural experiments on the level of corruption and compared the CPI with other subjective indicators have found that, while not perfect, the CPI is argued to be broadly consistent with one-dimensional measures of corruption.^[19]

In the United States, many lawyers advise international businesses to consult the CPI when attempting to measure the risk of Foreign Corrupt Practices Act violations in different nations. This practice has been criticized by the Minnesota Journal of International Law, which wrote that since the CPI may be subject to perceptual biases it therefore should not be considered by lawyers to be a measure of actual national corruption risk.^[20]

Transparency International also publishes the Global Corruption Barometer, which ranks countries by corruption levels using direct surveys instead of perceived expert opinions, which has been under criticism for substantial bias from the powerful elite.^[18]

Transparency International has warned that a country with a clean CPI score may still be linked to corruption internationally. For example, while Sweden had the 3rd best CPI score in 2015, one of its state-owned companies, TeliaSonera, was facing allegations of bribery in Uzbekistan.^[21]

Rankings

Legend:

Scores	Perceived as less corrupt					Perceived as more corrupt
Scores	99–90	89–80	79–70	69–60	59–50	49–40	39–30	29–20	19–10	9–0

2020–2022

Corruption Perceptions Index table:^[22]

#	Nation or Territory	2022^[5]		2021^[23]		2020^[24]
#	Nation or Territory	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]
1	Denmark	90		88		88
2	New Zealand	87	1	88		88
2	Finland	87	1	88	2	85
4	Norway	84		85	3	84
5	Singapore	83	1	85	1	85	1
5	Sweden	83	1	85	1	85	1
7	Switzerland	82		84	4	85	1
8	Netherlands	80		82		82
9	Germany	79	1	80	1	80
10	Luxembourg	77	1	81		80
10	Ireland	77	3	74	7	72	2
12	Hong Kong	76		76	1	77	5
13	Australia	75	5	73	7	77	1
14	Iceland	74	1	74	4	75	6
14	Estonia	74	1	74	4	75	1
14	Uruguay	74	4	73	3	71
14	Canada	74	1	75	2	77	1
18	Japan	73		73	1	74	1
18	United Kingdom	73	7	78		77	1
18	Belgium	73		73	3	76	2
21	France	72	1	71	1	69
22	Austria	71	9	74	2	76	3
23	Seychelles	70		70	4	66
24	United States	69	3	67	2	67	2
25	Taiwan	68		68	3	65
25	Bhutan	68		68	1	68	1
27	Chile	67		67	2	67	1
27	United Arab Emirates	67	3	69	3	71
29	Barbados	65		65		64	1
30	Bahamas	64		64		63	1
31	Israel	63	5	59	1	60
31	South Korea	63	1	62	1	61	6
33	Portugal	62	1	62	1	61	3
33	Lithuania	62	1	61	1	60
35	Spain	60	1	61	2	62	2
35	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	60	1	59	4	59	1
35	Botswana	60	10	55	10	60	1
35	Cape Verde	60	4	58	2	58
—	Brunei Darussalam	—		—		60
39	Latvia	59	3	59	6	57	2
40	Qatar	58	9	63	1	63
41	Georgia	56	4	55		56	1
41	Slovenia	56		57	6	60
41	Italy	56	1	56	10	53	1
41	Czechia	56	8	54		54	5
45	Dominica	55		55	3	55
45	Saint Lucia	55	3	56	3	56	3
45	Poland	55	3	56	3	56	4
48	Costa Rica	54	9	58	3	57	2
49	Fiji	53	4	55	10	—
49	Slovakia	53	7	52	4	49	1
51	Cyprus	52	1	53	10	57	1
51	Greece	52	7	49	1	50	1
51	Grenada	52	1	53		53	1
54	Malta	51	5	54	3	53	2
54	Rwanda	51	2	53	3	54	2
54	Saudi Arabia	51	2	53		53	1
57	Mauritius	50	8	54	3	53	4
57	Croatia	50	6	47		47
59	Namibia	49	1	49	1	51	1
60	Vanuatu	48	6	45	9	43	11
61	Jordan	47	3	49	2	49
61	Malaysia	47	1	48	5	51	6
63	Armenia	46	5	49	2	49	17
63	Romania	46	3	45	3	44	1
65	Cuba	45	1	46	1	47	3
65	China	45	1	45	12	42	2
65	São Tomé and Príncipe	45	1	45	3	47	1
65	Montenegro	45	1	46	3	45	1
69	Oman	44	13	52	7	54	7
69	Jamaica	44	1	44	1	44	5
69	Bahrain	44	9	42		42	1
72	South Africa	43	2	44	1	44	1
72	Ghana	43	1	43	2	43	5
72	Senegal	43	1	43	6	45	1
72	Benin	43	6	42	5	41	3
72	Bulgaria	43	6	42	9	44	5
77	Hungary	42	4	43	4	44	1
77	Trinidad and Tobago	42	5	41	4	40	1
77	Burkina Faso	42	1	42	8	40	1
77	Solomon Islands	42	4	43	5	42	1
77	Kuwait	42	4	43	5	42	7
77	Timor-Leste	42	5	41	4	40	7
77	Vietnam	42	10	39	17	36	8
84	Kosovo	41	3	39	17	36	3
85	Guyana	40	2	39	4	41	2
85	Suriname	40	2	39	7	38	24
85	Maldives	40		40	10	43	55
85	North Macedonia	40	2	39	24	35	5
85	Tunisia	40	15	44	1	44	5
85	India	40		40	1	40	6
91	Moldova	39	14	36	10	34	5
91	Belarus	39	9	41	19	47	3
91	Colombia	39	4	39	5	39	4
94	Morocco	38	7	39	1	40	6
94	Ethiopia	38	7	39	7	38	2
94	Argentina	38	2	38	18	42	12
94	Tanzania	38	7	39	7	38	2
94	Brazil	38	2	38	2	38	12
99	Lesotho	37	3	38	13	41	2
99	Ivory Coast	37	6	36	1	36	2
101	Thailand	36	9	35	6	36	3
101	Albania	36	9	35	6	36	2
101	Serbia	36	5	38	2	38	3
101	Turkey	36	5	38	10	40	5
101	Panama	36	4	36	6	35	10
101	Sri Lanka	36	1	37	8	38	1
101	Kazakhstan	36	1	37	8	38	19
101	Ecuador	36	4	36	13	39	1
101	Peru	36	4	36	11	38	7
110	Sierra Leone	34	5	34	2	33	2
110	Nepal	34	7	33		33	4
110	Malawi	34		35	19	30	6
110	Bosnia and Herzegovina	34		35	1	35	10
110	Indonesia	34	14	38	6	37	17
110	Gambia	34	8	37		37	6
116	Zambia	33	1	33		33	4
116	Philippines	33	1	33	2	34	2
116	Mongolia	33	6	35	1	35	5
116	El Salvador	33	1	34	11	36	9
116	Ukraine	33	6	32	5	33	9
116	Algeria	33	1	33	13	36	2
116	Angola	33	20	29	6	27	4
123	Niger	32	1	31	1	32	3
123	Kenya	32	5	30	4	31	13
123	Dominican Republic	32	5	30	9	28
126	Uzbekistan	31	14	28	6	26	7
126	Bolivia	31	2	30	4	31	1
126	Mexico	31	2	31		31	6
126	Laos	31	2	30	6	29	4
130	Papua New Guinea	30	6	31	18	27	5
130	Togo	30	2	30	6	29	4
130	Egypt	30	13	33		33	11
130	Eswatini	30	8	32	5	33	4
130	Mauritania	30	10	28	6	29	3
130	Djibouti	30	2	30	14	27	16
136	Gabon	29	12	31	5	30	6
137	Mali	28	1	29	7	30	1
137	Russia	28	1	29	7	30	8
137	Paraguay	28	9	30	9	28
140	Pakistan	27		28	16	31	4
140	Kyrgyzstan	27	4	27	20	31	2
142	Uganda	26	2	27	2	27	5
142	Mozambique	26	5	26	2	25	3
142	Cameroon	26	2	27	5	25	4
142	Liberia	26	6	29	1	28
142	Madagascar	26	5	26	2	25	9
147	Guinea	25	3	25	13	28	7
147	Bangladesh	25		26	1	26
147	Iran	25	3	25	1	25	3
150	Nigeria	24	4	24	5	25	3
150	Central African Republic	24	4	24	8	26	7
150	Afghanistan	24	24	16	9	19	8
150	Cambodia	24	7	23	3	21	2
150	Lebanon	24	4	24	5	25	12
150	Guatemala	24		25	1	25	3
150	Tajikistan	24		25	1	25	4
157	Zimbabwe	23		23		24	1
157	Azerbaijan	23	29	30	1	30	3
157	Myanmar	23	17	28	3	28	7
157	Honduras	23		23		24	11
157	Iraq	23		23	3	21	2
162	Eritrea	22	1	22	1	21
162	Sudan	22	2	20	10	16	1
164	Congo	21	2	21	3	19
164	Guinea-Bissau	21	2	21	3	19	3
166	Democratic Republic of the Congo	20	3	19	1	18	2
167	Turkmenistan	19	2	19	4	19
167	Nicaragua	19	3	20	5	22	2
167	Comoros	19	3	20	4	21	7
167	Chad	19	3	20	4	21	2
171	Libya	17	1	17	1	17	5
171	Haiti	17	7	20	6	18	2
171	North Korea	17	3	16	4	18	2
171	Equatorial Guinea	17	1	17	2	16	1
171	Burundi	17	2	19	4	19
176	Yemen	16	2	16	2	15	1
177	Venezuela	14		14	1	15	3
178	Syria	13		13		14
178	South Sudan	13	2	11	1	12
180	Somalia	12	2	13	1	12	1

2010–2019

Corruption Perceptions Index table:^[22]

#	Nation or Territory	2019^[25]		2018^[26]		2017^[27]		2016^[28]		2015^[29]		2014^[30]		2013^[31]		2012^[32]		2011^[33]		2010^[34]
#	Nation or Territory	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]
1	New Zealand	87		87	2	89	1	90	1	91		91		91	1	90
1	Denmark	87	1	88		88	2	90	1	91	1	92	1	91	1	90
3	Finland	86	1	85		85	4	89	1	90	1	89		89	1	90
4	Sweden	85		85	1	84	4	88	1	89	2	87	2	89	1	88
4	Singapore	85		85	1	84		84	1	85	1	84	2	86	1	87
4	Switzerland	85		85		85	1	86		86		86	1	85	1	86
7	Norway	84		84	1	85		85	2	87	1	86		86	1	85
8	Netherlands	82		82		82	1	83	4	87	4	83		83	1	84
9	Germany	80		80	1	81		81		81	2	79	1	78	1	79
9	Luxembourg	80	1	81	1	82	1	81		81	1	82	2	80		80
11	Iceland	78	2	76	1	77	1	78	1	79		79	1	78	4	82
12	United Kingdom	77	3	80	2	82	1	81		81	3	78	2	76	2	74
12	Canada	77	4	81	1	82		82	1	83	2	81		81	3	84
12	Austria	77	1	76	1	75		75	1	76	4	72	3	69		69
12	Australia	77		77		77	2	79		79	1	80	1	81	4	85
16	Hong Kong	76		76	1	77		77	2	75	1	74	1	75	2	77
17	Belgium	75		75		75	2	77		77	1	76	1	75		75
18	Estonia	74	1	73	2	71	1	70		70	1	69	1	68	4	64
18	Ireland	74	1	73	1	74	1	73	2	75	1	74	2	72	3	69
20	Japan	73		73		73	1	72	3	75	1	76	2	74		74
21	United Arab Emirates	71	1	70	1	71	5	66	4	70		70	1	69	1	68
21	Uruguay	71	1	70		70	1	71	3	74	1	73		73	1	72
23	United States	69	2	71	4	75	1	74	2	76	2	74	1	73		73
23	France	69	3	72	2	70	1	69	1	70	1	69	2	71		71
25	Bhutan	68		68	1	67	2	65		65		65	2	63		63
26	Chile	67		67		67	1	66	4	70	3	73	2	71	1	72
27	Seychelles	66		66	6	60	5			55		55	1	54	2	52
28	Taiwan	65	2	63		63	2	61	1	62	1	61		61		61
29	Bahamas	64	1	65		65	1	66				71		71		71
30	Barbados	62	6	68		68	7	61				74	1	75	1	76
30	Portugal	62	2	64	1	63	1	62	1	63		63	1	62	1	63
30	Spain	62	4	58	1	57	1	58		58	2	60	1	59	6	65
30	Qatar	62		62	1	63	2	61	10	71	2	69	1	68		68
34	Botswana	61		61		61	1	60	3	63		63	1	64	1	65
35	Brunei Darussalam	60	3	63	1	62	4	58						60	5	55
35	Lithuania	60	1	59		59		59	2	61	3	58	1	57	3	54
35	Israel	60	1	61	1	62	2	64	3	61	1	60	1	61	1	60
35	Slovenia	60		60	1	61		61	1	60	2	58	1	57	4	61
39	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	59	1	58		58	2	60				67	5	62		62
39	South Korea	59	2	57	3	54	1	53	3	56	1	55		55	1	56
41	Cape Verde	58	1	57	2	55	4	59	4	55	2	57	1	58	2	60
41	Poland	58	2	60		60	2	62		62	1	61	1	60	2	58
41	Cyprus	58	1	59	2	57	2	55	6	61	2	63		63	3	66
44	Costa Rica	56		56	3	59	1	58	3	55	1	54	1	53	1	54
44	Georgia	56	2	58	2	56	1	57	5	52		52	3	49	3	52
44	Latvia	56	2	58		58	1	57	2	55		55	2	53	4	49
44	Czech Republic	56	3	59	2	57	2	55	1	56	5	51	3	48	1	49
48	Saint Lucia	55		55		55	5	60						71		71
48	Dominica	55	2	57		57	2	59				58		58		58
50	Malta	54		54	2	56	1	55	1	56	1	55	1	56	1	57
51	Malaysia	53	6	47		47	2	49	1	50	2	52	2	50	1	49
51	Grenada	53	1	52		52	4	56
51	Rwanda	53	3	56	1	55	1	54		54	5	49	4	53		53
51	Saudi Arabia	53	4	49		49	3	46	6	52	3	49	3	46	2	44
51	Italy	53	1	52	2	50	3	47	3	44	1	43		43	1	42
56	Oman	52		52	8	44	1	45		45		45	2	47		47
56	Namibia	52	1	53	2	51	1	52	1	53	4	49	1	48		48
56	Mauritius	52	1	51	1	50	4	54	1	53	1	54	2	52	5	57
59	Slovakia	50		50		50	1	51		51	1	50	3	47	1	46
60	Jordan	48	1	49	1	48		48	5	53	4	49	4	45	3	48
60	Greece	48	3	45	3	48	4	44	2	46	3	43	3	40	4	36
60	Cuba	48	1	47		47		47		47	1	46		46	2	48
63	Croatia	47	1	48	1	49		49	2	51	3	48		48	2	46
64	São Tomé and Príncipe	46		46		46		46	4	42		42		42		42
64	Vanuatu	46		46	3	43
66	Argentina	45	5	40	1	39	3	36	4	32	2	34		34	1	35
66	Montenegro	45		45	1	46	1	45	1	44	2	42	2	44	3	41
66	Senegal	45		45		45		45	1	44	1	43	2	41	5	36
66	Belarus	45	1	44		44	4	40	8	32	1	31	2	29	2	31
70	Hungary	44	2	46	1	45	3	48	3	51	3	54		54	1	55
70	South Africa	44	1	43		43	2	45	1	44		44	2	42	1	43
70	Romania	44	3	47	1	48		48	2	46	3	43		43	1	44	8
70	Suriname	44	1	43	2	41	4	45	9	36		36		36	1	37
74	Jamaica	43	1	44		44	5	39	2	41	3	38		38		38
74	Tunisia	43		43	1	42	1	41	3	38	2	40	1	41		41
74	Bulgaria	43	1	42	1	43	2	41		41	2	43	2	41		41
77	Bahrain	42	6	36		36	7	43	8	51	2	49	1	48	3	51
77	Solomon Islands	42	2	44	5	39	3	42
77	Armenia	42	7	35		35	2	33	2	35	2	37	1	36	2	34
80	Ghana	41		41	1	40	3	43	4	47	1	48	2	46	1	45
80	Morocco	41	2	43	3	40	3	37	1	36	3	39	2	37		37
80	India	41		41	1	40		40	2	38		38	2	36		36
80	China	41	2	39	2	41	1	40	3	37	1	36	4	40	1	39
80	Benin	41	1	40	1	39	3	36	1	37	2	39	3	36		36
85	Guyana	40	3	37	1	38	4	34	5	29	1	30	3	27	1	28
85	Trinidad and Tobago	40	1	41		41	6	35	4	39	1	38		38	1	39
85	Indonesia	40	2	38	1	37		37	1	36	2	34	2	32		32
85	Burkina Faso	40	1	41	1	42		42	4	38		38		38		38
85	Lesotho	40	1	41	1	42	3	39	5	44	5	49		49	4	45
85	Kuwait	40	1	41	2	39	2	41	8	49	5	44	1	43	1	44
91	Serbia	39		39	2	41	1	42	2	40	1	41	1	42	3	39
91	Turkey	39	2	41	1	40	1	41	1	42	3	45	5	50	1	49
93	Sri Lanka	38		38		38	2	36	1	37	1	38	1	37	3	40
93	Ecuador	38	4	34	2	32	1	31	1	32	1	33	2	35	3	32
93	Timor-Leste	38	3	35	3	38	3	35	7	28		28	2	30	3	33
96	Ethiopia	37	3	34	1	35	1	34	1	33		33		33		33
96	Vietnam	37	4	33	2	35	2	33	2	31		31		31		31
96	Gambia	37		37	7	30	4	26	2	28	1	29	1	28	6	34
96	Colombia	37	1	36	1	37		37		37		37	1	36		36
96	Tanzania	37		36		36	4	32	2	30	1	31	2	33	2	35
101	Kosovo	36	1	37	2	39	3	36	3	33		33		33	1	34
101	Thailand	36		36	1	37	2	35	3	38		38	3	35	2	37
101	Peru	36	1	35	2	37	2	35	1	36	2	38		38		38
101	Panama	36	1	37		37	1	38	1	39	2	37	2	35	3	38
101	Bosnia and Herzegovina	36	2	38		38	1	39	1	38	1	39	3	42		42
106	Brazil	35		35	2	37	3	40	2	38	5	43	1	42	1	43
106	Mongolia	35	2	37	1	36	2	38	1	39		39	1	38	2	36
106	Albania	35	1	36	2	38	1	39	3	36	3	33	2	31	2	33
106	Egypt	35		35	3	32	2	34	2	36	1	37	5	32		32
106	Algeria	35		35	2	33	1	34	2	36		36		36	2	34
106	Ivory Coast	35		35	1	36	2	34	2	32		32	5	27	2	29
106	North Macedonia	35	2	37	2	35	2	37	5	42	3	45	1	44	1	43
113	Kazakhstan	34	3	31		31	2	29	1	28	1	29	3	26	2	28
113	Nepal	34	3	31		31	2	29	2	27	2	29	2	31	4	27
113	Philippines	34	2	36	2	34	1	35		35	3	38	2	36	2	34
113	Zambia	34	1	35	2	37	1	38		38		38		38	1	37
113	Eswatini	34	4	38	1	39	4					43	4	39	2	37
113	El Salvador	34	1	35	2	33	3	36	3	39		39	1	38		38
119	Sierra Leone	33	3	30		30		30	1	29	2	31	1	30	1	31
120	Moldova	32	1	33	2	31	1	30	3	33	2	35		35	1	36
120	Niger	32	2	34	1	33	2	35	1	34	1	35	1	34	1	33
120	Pakistan	32	1	33	1	32		32	2	30	1	29	1	28	1	27
123	Malawi	31	1	32	1	31		31		31	2	33	4	37		37
123	Bolivia	31	2	29	4	33		33	1	34	1	35	1	34		34
123	Gabon	31		31	1	32	3	35	1	34	3	37	3	34	1	35
126	Djibouti	30	1	31		31	1	30	4	34		34	2	36		36
126	Kyrgyzstan	30	1	29		29	1	28		28	1	27	3	24		24
126	Azerbaijan	30	5	25	6	31	1	30	1	29		29	1	28	1	27
126	Ukraine	30	2	32	2	30	1	29	2	27	1	26	1	25	1	26
130	Laos	29		29		29	1	30	5	25		25	1	26	5	21
130	Guinea	29	1	28	1	27		27	2	25		25	1	24		24
130	Myanmar	29		29	1	30	2	28	6	22	1	21		21	6	15
130	Mexico	29	1	28	1	29	1	30	5	35		35	1	34		34
130	Maldives	29	2	31	2	33	3	36
130	Mali	29	3	32	1	31	1	32	3	35	3	32	4	28	6	34
130	Togo	29	1	30	2	32		32		32	3	29		29	1	30
137	Russia	28		28	1	29		29		29	2	27	1	28		28
137	Papua New Guinea	28		28	1	29	1	28	3	25		25		25		25
137	Mauritania	28	1	27	1	28	1	27	4	31	1	30		30	1	31
137	Liberia	28	4	32	1	31	6	37		37		37	1	38	3	41
137	Lebanon	28		28		28		28		28	1	27	1	28	2	30
137	Kenya	28	1	27	1	28	2	26	1	25		25	2	27		27
137	Uganda	28	2	26		26	1	25		25	1	26		26	3	29
137	Paraguay	28	1	29		29	1	30	3	27	3	24		24	1	25
137	Dominican Republic	28	2	30	1	29	2	31	2	33	1	32	3	29	3	32
146	Nigeria	26	1	27		27	1	28	2	26	1	27	2	25	2	27
146	Mozambique	26	3	23	2	25	2	27	4	31		31	1	30	1	31
146	Guatemala	26	1	27	1	28		28		28	4	32	3	29	4	33
146	Iran	26	2	28	2	30	1	29	2	27		27	2	25	3	28
146	Angola	26	7	19		19	1	18	3	15	4	19	4	23	1	22
146	Bangladesh	26		26	2	28	2	26	1	25		25	2	27	1	26
146	Honduras	26	3	29		29	1	30	1	31	2	29	3	26	2	28
153	Cameroon	25		25		25	1	26	1	27		27	2	25	1	26
153	Central African Republic	25	1	26	3	23	3	20	4	24		24	1	25	1	26
153	Uzbekistan	25	2	23	1	22	1	21	2	19	1	18	1	17		17
153	Tajikistan	25		25	4	21	4	25	1	26	3	23	1	22		22
153	Comoros	25	2	27		27	3	24	2	26		26	2	28		28
158	Zimbabwe	24	2	22		22		22	1	21		21		21	1	20
158	Madagascar	24	1	25	1	24	2	26	2	28		28		28	4	32
160	Eritrea	23	1	24	4	20	2	18		18		18	2	20	5	25
161	Nicaragua	22	3	25	1	26		26	1	27	1	28		28	1	29
162	Chad	20	1	19	1	20		20	2	22		22	3	19		19
162	Cambodia	20		20	1	21		21		21		21	1	20	2	22
162	Iraq	20	2	18		18	1	17	1	16		16		16	2	18
165	Turkmenistan	19	1	20	1	19	3	22	4	18	1	17		17		17
165	Republic of the Congo	19		19	2	21	1	20	3	23		23	1	22	4	26
165	Burundi	19	2	17	5	22	2	20	1	21	1	20	1	21	2	19
168	Haiti	18	2	20	2	22	2	20	3	17	2	19		19		19
168	Democratic Republic of the Congo	18	1	19	2	21		21	1	22		22		22	1	21
168	Libya	18	1	17		17	3	14	2	16	2	18	3	15	6	21
168	Guinea-Bissau	18	9	28	1	27	11	16	1	17	2	19		19	6	25
172	North Korea	17	3	14	3	17	9	8		8		8		8		8
173	Sudan	16		16		16	2	14	2	12	1	11		11	2	13
173	Afghanistan	16		16	1	15		15	4	11	1	12	4	8		8
173	Equatorial Guinea	16		16	1	17	2							19	1	20
173	Venezuela	16	2	18		18	1	17		17	2	19	1	20	1	19
177	Yemen	15	1	14	2	16	2	14	4	18	1	19	1	18	5	23
178	Syria	13		13	1	14	1	13	5	18	2	20	3	17	9	26
179	South Sudan	12	1	13	1	12	1	11	4	15		15	1	14
180	Somalia	9	1	10	1	9	1	10	2	8		8		8		8

2000–2009

Corruption Perceptions Index table:^[22]

#	Nation or Territory	2009^[35]		2008^[36]		2007^[37]		2006^[38]		2005^[39]		2004^[40]		2003^[41]		2002^[42]		2001^[43]		2000^[44]
#	Nation or Territory	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]
1	New Zealand	9.4		9.3		9.4		9.6	1	9.6		9.6	1	9.5	1	9.5	1	9.4		9.4
2	Denmark	9.3	1	9.3		9.4	3	9.5		9.5	1	9.5		9.5	1	9.5		9.5		9.8	1
3	Singapore	9.2	1	9.2		9.3	1	9.4		9.4		9.3		9.4		9.3	1	9.2	2	9.1	1
3	Sweden	9.2	2	9.3	3	9.3	2	9.2		9.2		9.2		9.3	1	9.3	1	9	3	9.4
5	Switzerland	9		9	2	9		9.1		9.1		9.1	1	8.8	4	8.5		8.4	1	8.6	2
6	Finland	8.9	1	9	4	9.4		9.6	1	9.6	1	9.7		9.7		9.7		9.9		10	1
6	Netherlands	8.9	1	8.9		9	2	8.7	2	8.6	1	8.7	3	8.9		9	1	8.8	1	8.9	1
8	Canada	8.7	1	8.7		8.7	5	8.5		8.4	2	8.5	1	8.7	4	9		8.9	2	9.2
8	Iceland	8.7	1	8.9	1	9.2	5	9.6		9.7	2	9.5	1	9.6	2	9.4		9.2	2	9.1	1
8	Australia	8.7	1	8.7	2	8.6	2	8.7		8.8		8.8	1	8.8	3	8.6		8.5	2	8.3	1
11	Norway	8.6	3	7.9	5	8.7	1	8.8		8.9		8.9		8.8	4	8.5	2	8.6	4	9.1	3
12	Luxembourg	8.2	1	8.3	1	8.4	1	8.6	2	8.5		8.4	2	8.7	4	9	2	8.7	2	8.6
12	Hong Kong	8.2		8.1	2	8.3	1	8.3		8.3	1	8	2	8		8.2		7.9	1	7.7
14	Ireland	8	2	7.7	1	7.5	1	7.4	1	7.4	2	7.5	1	7.5	5	6.9	5	7.5	1	7.2	4
14	Germany	8		7.9	2	7.8		8		8.2	1	8.2	1	7.7	2	7.3	2	7.4	3	7.6	3
16	Austria	7.9	4	8.1	3	8.1	4	8.6	1	8.7	3	8.4	1	8	1	7.8		7.8		7.7	2
17	United Kingdom	7.7	1	7.7	4	8.4	1	8.6		8.6		8.6		8.7	1	8.7	3	8.3	3	8.7	3
17	Japan	7.7	1	7.3	1	7.5		7.6	4	7.3	3	6.9	3	7	1	7.1	1	7.1	2	6.4	2
19	United States	7.5	1	7.3	2	7.2		7.3	3	7.6		7.5	1	7.5	2	7.7		7.6	2	7.8	4
20	Barbados	7.4	2	7	1	6.9	1	6.7		6.9	3	7.3	—	—		—		—		—
21	Belgium	7.1	3	7.3	3	7.1	1	7.3	1	7.4	2	7.5		7.6	3	7.1	4	6.6	1	6.1	4
22	Qatar	7	6	6.5	4	6		6		5.9	6	5.2	6	5.6	—	—		—		—
22	Saint Lucia	7	1	7.1	3	6.8	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
24	France	6.9	1	6.9	4	7.3	1	7.4		7.5	4	7.1	1	6.9	2	6.3	2	6.7	2	6.7	1
25	Chile	6.7	2	6.9	1	7	2	7.3	1	7.3	1	7.4		7.4	3	7.5	1	7.5		7.4	1
25	Uruguay	6.7	2	6.9	2	6.7	3	6.4	4	5.9	4	6.2	5	5.5	1	5.1	3	5.1	6	—
27	Slovenia	6.6	1	6.7	1	6.6	1	6.4	3	6.1		6	2	5.9	2	6	7	5.2	6	5.5	3
27	Estonia	6.6		6.6	1	6.5	4	6.7	3	6.4	4	6	2	5.5	4	5.6	1	5.6	1	5.7
27	Cyprus	6.6	4	6.4	8	5.3	2	5.6		5.7	1	5.4	9	6.1	—	—		—		—
30	United Arab Emirates	6.5	5	5.9	1	5.7	3	6.2	1	6.2	1	6.1	8	5.2	—	—		—		—
31	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	6.4	3	6.5	2	6.1	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
32	Israel	6.1	1	6	3	6.1	4	5.9	6	6.3	2	6.4	5	7	3	7.3	2	7.6	6	6.6	2
32	Spain	6.1	4	6.5	3	6.7	2	6.8		7	1	7.1	1	6.9	3	7.1	2	7	2	7	2
34	Dominica	5.9	1	6	4	5.6	16	4.5	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
35	Portugal	5.8	3	6.1	4	6.5	2	6.6		6.5	1	6.3	2	6.6		6.3		6.3	2	6.4	2
35	Puerto Rico	5.8	1	5.8	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
37	Botswana	5.6	1	5.8	2	5.4	1	5.6	5	5.9	1	6	1	5.7	6	6.4	2	6		6	2
37	Taiwan	5.6	2	5.7	5	5.7		5.9	2	5.9	3	5.6	5	5.7	1	5.6	2	5.9	1	5.5
39	Oman	5.5	2	5.5	12	4.7	14	5.4	11	6.3	1	6.1	3	6.3	—	—		—		—
39	Brunei Darussalam	5.5	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
39	South Korea	5.5	1	5.6	3	5.1	1	5.1	2	5	7	4.5	3	4.3	10	4.5	2	4.2	6	4	2
42	Mauritius	5.4	1	5.5	12	4.7	11	5.1	9	4.2	3	4.1	6	4.4	8	4.5		4.5	3	4.7	1
43	Costa Rica	5.3	4	5.1	1	5	9	4.1	4	4.2	10	4.9	9	4.3	10	4.5		4.5	10	5.4	2
43	Macao	5.3		5.4	9	5.7	8	6.6	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
45	Malta	5.2	9	5.8	3	5.8	5	6.4	3	6.6		6.8	—	—		—		—		—
46	Bahrain	5.1	3	5.4	3	5	10	5.7		5.8	2	5.8	7	6.1	—	—		—		—
46	Cape Verde	5.1	1	5.1	2	4.9	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
46	Hungary	5.1	1	5.1	8	5.3	2	5.2	1	5	2	4.8	2	4.8	7	4.9	2	5.3		—
49	Jordan	5	2	5.1	6	4.7	13	5.3	3	5.7		5.3	6	4.6	3	4.5	3	4.9	2	4.6	2
49	Poland	5	9	4.6	3	4.2		3.7	9	3.4	3	3.5	3	3.6	19	4	1	4.1	1	4.1	1
49	Bhutan	5	4	5.2	1	5	14	6	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
52	Lithuania	4.9	6	4.6	7	4.8	5	4.8	2	4.8		4.6	3	4.7	5	4.8	2	4.8	5	4.1	7
52	Czech Republic	4.9	7	5.2	4	5.2	5	4.8	1	4.3	4	4.2	3	3.9	2	3.7	5	3.9	5	4.3	3
54	Seychelles	4.8	1	4.8	2	4.5	6	3.6	8	4	7	4.4	—	—		—		—		—
55	South Africa	4.7	1	4.9	11	5.1	8	4.6	5	4.5	2	4.6	4	4.4	12	4.8	2	4.8	4	5
56	Namibia	4.5	5	4.5	4	4.5	2	4.1	8	4.3	7	4.1	13	4.7	13	5.7	2	5.4		5.4	1
56	Samoa	4.5	6	4.4	5	4.5	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
56	Slovakia	4.5	4	5	3	4.9		4.7	2	4.3	10	4	2	3.7	7	3.7	1	3.7	1	3.5	1
56	Latvia	4.5	4	5	1	4.8	2	4.7	2	4.2	6	4		3.8	5	3.7	7	3.4	2	3.4	1
56	Malaysia	4.5	9	5.1	4	5.1	1	5	5	5.1		5	2	5.2	4	4.9	3	5		4.8	4
61	Turkey	4.4	3	4.6	6	4.1	4	3.8	5	3.5	12	3.2		3.1	13	3.2	10	3.6	4	3.8	4
61	Cuba	4.4	4	4.3	4	4.2	5	3.5	7	3.8	3	3.7	19	4.6	—	—		—		—
63	Saudi Arabia	4.3	17	3.5	1	3.4	9	3.3		3.4	1	3.4	25	4.5	—	—		—		—
63	Italy	4.3	8	4.8	14	5.2	4	4.9	5	5	2	4.8	7	5.3	4	5.2	2	5.5	10	4.6	1
65	Tunisia	4.2	3	4.4	1	4.2	10	4.6	8	4.9	4	5		4.9	3	4.8	5	5.3	1	5.2	2
66	Georgia	4.1	1	3.9	12	3.4	20	2.8	31	2.3	3	2	9	1.8	39	2.4	1	—		—
66	Kuwait	4.1	1	4.3	5	4.3	14	4.8	1	4.7	1	4.6	9	5.3	—	—		—		—
66	Croatia	4.1	4	4.4	2	4.1	5	3.4	1	3.4	3	3.5	8	3.7	8	3.8	4	3.9	4	3.7	23
—	Fiji	—		—		—		—		4	55	—		—		—		—		—
69	Ghana	3.9	2	3.9	2	3.7	1	3.3	5	3.5	1	3.6	6	3.3	20	3.9	9	3.4	7	3.5	11
69	Montenegro	3.9	16	3.4	1	3.3	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
71	Bulgaria	3.8	1	3.6	8	4.1	7	4	2	4	1	4.1		3.9	9	4	2	3.9	5	3.5	11
71	Greece	3.8	14	4.7	1	4.6	2	4.4	7	4.3	2	4.3	1	4.3	6	4.2	2	4.2	7	4.9	1
71	Romania	3.8	1	3.8	1	3.7	15	3.1	1	3	2	2.9	4	2.8	6	2.6	8	2.8	1	2.9	5
71	FYR Macedonia	3.8	1	3.6	12	3.3	21	2.7	2	2.7	6	2.7	9	2.3	43	—		—		—
75	Colombia	3.7	5	3.8	2	3.8	9	3.9	4	4	5	3.8	1	3.7	2	3.6	7	3.8	10	3.2	12
75	Peru	3.7	3	3.6		3.5	2	3.3	5	3.5	2	3.5	8	3.7	14	4	1	4.1	3	4.4	1
75	Suriname	3.7	3	3.6		3.5	18	3	12	3.2	29	4.3	—	—		—		—		—
75	Brazil	3.7	5	3.5	8	3.5	2	3.3	8	3.7	3	3.9	5	3.9	9	4	1	4	3	3.9	4
79	Swaziland	3.6	7	3.6	12	3.3	37	2.5	18	2.7	—	—		—		—		—		—
79	Trinidad and Tobago	3.6	7	3.6	7	3.4		3.2	20	3.8	8	4.2	8	4.6	10	4.9	2	5.3	—	—
79	China	3.6	7	3.6		3.5	2	3.3	8	3.2	7	3.4	5	3.4	7	3.5	2	3.5	6	3.1	5
79	Burkina Faso	3.6	1	3.5	25	2.9	26	3.2	9	3.4	5	—		—		—		—		3	—
83	Serbia	3.5	2	3.4	6	3.4	11	3	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
84	El Salvador	3.4	17	3.9		4	10	4	6	4.2		4.2	8	3.7	3	3.4	8	3.6	11	4.1	6
84	India	3.4	1	3.4	13	3.5	2	3.3	18	2.9	2	2.8	7	2.8	12	2.7		2.7	2	2.8	3
84	Panama	3.4	1	3.4	9	3.2	10	3.1	19	3.5	3	3.7	4	3.4	1	3	16	3.7	—	—
84	Thailand	3.4	4	3.5	4	3.3	21	3.6	4	3.8	5	3.6	6	3.3	6	3.2	3	3.2	1	3.2	8
84	Guatemala	3.4	12	3.1	15	2.8		2.6	6	2.5	5	2.2	22	2.4	19	2.5	16	2.9	3	—
—	Grenada	—		—		3.4	13	3.5	66	—		—		—		—		—		—
89	Malawi	3.3	26	2.8	3	2.7	13	2.7	8	2.8	7	2.8	7	2.8	15	2.9	7	3.2	18	4.1	2
89	Lesotho	3.3	3	3.2	8	3.3	5	3.2	9	3.4	—	—		—		—		—		—
89	Moldova	3.3	20	2.9	2	2.8	32	3.2	9	2.9	26	2.3	14	2.4	7	2.1	30	3.1	11	2.6	1
89	Morocco	3.3	9	3.5	8	3.5	7	3.2	1	3.2	1	3.2	7	3.3	18	3.7	15	—		4.7	8
89	Rwanda	3.3	13	3	9	2.8	10	2.5	38	3.1	—	—		—		—		—		—
89	Mexico	3.3	17	3.6		3.5	2	3.3	5	3.5	1	3.6		3.6	7	3.6	6	3.7	8	3.3	1
95	Albania	3.2	10	3.4	20	2.9	6	2.6	15	2.4	18	2.5	16	2.5	11	2.5	3	—		—
95	Vanuatu	3.2	14	2.9	11	3.1	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
97	Sri Lanka	3.1	5	3.2	2	3.2	10	3.1	6	3.2	11	3.5	1	3.4	14	3.7	—	—		—
97	Liberia	3.1	41	2.4	12	2.1	13	—		2.2	—	—		—		—		—		—
99	Madagascar	3	14	3.4	9	3.2	10	3.1	13	2.8	15	3.1	6	2.6	10	1.7	—	—		—
99	Tonga	3	39	2.4	37	1.7	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
99	Zambia	3	16	2.8	8	2.6	12	2.6	4	2.6	5	2.6	10	2.5	15	2.6	2	2.6	18	3.4	1
99	Jamaica	3	3	3.1	12	3.3	23	3.7	3	3.6	10	3.3	17	3.8	12	4	5	—		—
99	Senegal	3	14	3.4	14	3.6	1	3.3	8	3.2	7	3	9	3.2	10	3.1	1	2.9	13	3.5	6
99	Dominican Republic	3	3	3	3	3		2.8	14	3	2	2.9	17	3.3	11	3.5	4	3.1	—	—
99	Bosnia and Herzegovina	3	7	3.2	8	3.3	9	2.9	5	2.9	6	3.1	12	3.3	—	—		—		—
106	Gabon	2.9	10	3.1	12	3.3	6	3	2	2.9	14	3.3	—	—		—		—		—
106	Niger	2.9	9	2.8	8	2.6	15	2.3	12	2.4	4	2.2	—	—		—		—		—
106	Argentina	2.9	3	2.9	4	2.9	12	2.9	4	2.8	11	2.5	16	2.5	22	2.8	13	3.5	5	3.5	19
106	Benin	2.9	10	3.1	22	2.7	3	2.5	33	2.9	11	3.2	—	—		—		—		—
106	Gambia	2.9	52	1.9	15	2.3	22	2.5	18	2.7	13	2.8	2	2.5	—	—		—		—
—	Belize	—		2.9	10	3	33	3.5	4	3.7	2	3.8	14	4.5	46	—		—		—
111	Egypt	2.8	4	2.8	10	2.9	35	3.3		3.4	7	3.2	7	3.3	8	3.4	8	3.6	9	3.1
111	Indonesia	2.8	15	2.6	17	2.3	13	2.4	7	2.2	4	2	11	1.9	26	1.9	8	1.9	3	1.7	11
111	Kiribati	2.8	15	3.1	12	3.3	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
111	Mali	2.8	15	3.1	22	2.7	19	2.8	11	2.9	11	3.2	1	3	—	—		—		—
111	Djibouti	2.8	9	3	3	2.9	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
111	Algeria	2.8	19	3.2	7	3	15	3.1	13	2.8		2.7	9	2.6	—	—		—		—
111	Togo	2.8	10	2.7	22	2.3	13	2.4	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
111	Sao Tome and Principe	2.8	10	2.7	3	2.7	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
111	Solomon Islands	2.8	2	2.9	2	2.8	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
—	Serbia and Montenegro	—		—		—		—		2.8		2.7	9	2.3	106	—		—		—
120	Ethiopia	2.7	6	2.6	12	2.4	8	2.4	7	2.2	23	2.3	22	2.5	33	3.5	1	—		3.2	—
120	Kazakhstan	2.7	25	2.2	5	2.1	39	2.6	4	2.6	15	2.2	22	2.4	12	2.3	17	2.7	6	3	19
120	Mongolia	2.7	18	3	3	3		2.8	14	3		3	42	—		—		—		—
120	Vietnam	2.7	1	2.7	2	2.6	12	2.6	4	2.6	5	2.6	2	2.4	15	2.4	10	2.6	1	2.5	1
120	Bolivia	2.7	18	3	3	2.9		2.7	12	2.5	5	2.2	16	2.3	17	2.2	5	2	13	2.7	9
120	Armenia	2.7	11	2.9	10	3	6	2.9	5	2.9	6	3.1	4	3	2	—		—		2.5	4
126	Guyana	2.6		2.6	3	2.6	2	2.5	4	2.5	—	—		—		—		—		—
126	Eritrea	2.6		2.6	15	2.8	18	2.9	14	2.6	5	2.6	—	—		—		—		—
126	Syria	2.6	21	2.1	9	2.4	45	2.9	23	3.4	1	3.4	5	3.4	—	—		—		—
126	Tanzania	2.6	24	3	8	3.2	1	2.9	5	2.9	2	2.8	2	2.5	21	2.7	11	2.2	6	2.5	17
—	Palestine	—		—		—		—		2.6	1	2.5	30	3	78	—		—		—
130	Lebanon	2.5	28	3	3	3	36	3.6	20	3.1	14	2.7	19	3	—	—		—		—
130	Libya	2.5	4	2.6	5	2.5	26	2.7	12	2.5	9	2.5	10	2.1	—	—		—		—
130	Honduras	2.5	4	2.6	5	2.5	10	2.5	14	2.6	7	2.3	8	2.3	35	2.7		2.7	23	—
130	Mauritania	2.5	15	2.8	8	2.6	39	3.1	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
130	Mozambique	2.5	4	2.6	15	2.8	12	2.8	2	2.8	7	2.8	4	2.7	5	—		—		2.2	25
130	Nicaragua	2.5	4	2.5	11	2.6	12	2.6	4	2.6	10	2.7	9	2.6	7	2.5	4	2.4	7	—
130	Nigeria	2.5	9	2.7	26	2.2	5	2.2	10	1.9	8	1.6	12	1.4	31	1.6	11	1		1.2	8
130	Maldives	2.5	15	2.8	31	3.3	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
130	Uganda	2.5	4	2.6	15	2.8	6	2.7	12	2.5	15	2.6	11	2.2	20	2.1	5	1.9	8	2.3	7
139	Bangladesh	2.4	8	2.1	15	2	6	2	2	1.7	13	1.5	12	1.3	31	1.2	11	0.4	40	—
139	Pakistan	2.4	5	2.5	4	2.4	4	2.2	2	2.1	15	2.1	37	2.5	15	2.6	2	2.3	8	—
139	Philippines	2.4	2	2.3	10	2.5	10	2.5	4	2.5	15	2.6	10	2.5	15	2.6	12	2.9	4	2.8	15
139	Belarus	2.4	12	2	1	2.1	1	2.1	44	2.6	33	3.3	21	4.2	17	4.8	7	—		4.1	15
143	Nepal	2.3	22	2.7	10	2.5	10	2.5	4	2.5	27	2.8	—	—		—		—		—
143	Comoros	2.3	9	2.5	11	2.6	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
143	Azerbaijan	2.3	15	1.9	8	2.1	20	2.4	7	2.2	3	1.9	16	1.8	29	2	11	2	3	1.5	9
146	Cameroon	2.2	5	2.3	3	2.4		2.3	1	2.2	8	2.1	5	1.8	35	2.2	5	2		2	15
146	Ecuador	2.2	5	2	1	2.1	12	2.3	21	2.5	5	2.4	1	2.2	24	2.2	10	2.3	5	2.6	8
146	Russia	2.2	1	2.1	4	2.3	22	2.5	5	2.4	36	2.8	4	2.7	15	2.7	8	2.3	3	2.1
146	Sierra Leone	2.2	12	1.9	8	2.1	8	2.2	16	2.4	12	2.3	1	2.2	—	—		—		—
146	Ukraine	2.2	12	2.5	16	2.7	19	2.8	8	2.6	15	2.2	16	2.3	21	2.4	2	2.1	4	1.5	12
146	Zimbabwe	2.2	20	1.8	16	2.1	20	2.4	23	2.6	7	2.3	8	2.3	35	2.7	6	2.9		3	20
146	Kenya	2.2	1	2.1	3	2.1	8	2.2	2	2.1	15	2.1	7	1.9	26	1.9	12	2	2	2.1	8
146	Timor Leste	2.2	1	2.2	22	2.6	12	2.6	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
154	Papua New Guinea	2.1	3	2	11	2	32	2.4		2.3	28	2.6	16	2.1	—	—		—		—
154	Paraguay	2.1	16	2.4		2.4	27	2.6	33	2.1	4	1.9	11	1.6	31	1.7	8	—		—
154	Yemen	2.1	13	2.3	10	2.5	20	2.6	8	2.7	9	2.4	24	2.6	—	—		—		—
154	Ivory Coast	2.1	3	2	1	2.1	1	2.1	1	1.9	19	2	15	2.1	47	2.7	6	2.4	6	2.7	4
158	Cambodia	2	8	1.8	4	2	11	2.1	21	2.3	—	—		—		—		—		—
158	Central African Republic	2	7	2	11	2	32	2.4	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
158	Tajikistan	2	7	2	1	2.1	8	2.2	2	2.1	11	2	9	1.8	—	—		—		—
158	Laos	2	7	2	17	1.9	57	2.6	34	3.3	—	—		—		—		—		—
162	Angola	1.9	4	1.9	11	2.2	5	2.2	9	2	18	2	9	1.8	26	1.7	13	—		1.7	—
162	Guinea-Bissau	1.9	4	1.9	11	2.2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
162	Kyrgyzstan	1.9	4	1.8	16	2.1	8	2.2	12	2.3	8	2.2	4	2.1	31	—		—		—
162	Venezuela	1.9	4	1.9	4	2	24	2.3	8	2.3	16	2.3	14	2.4	19	2.5	12	2.8	2	2.7	4
162	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1.9	9	1.7	3	1.9	12	2	12	2.1	11	2	—	—		—		—		—
162	Republic of the Congo	1.9	4	1.9	8	2.1	8	2.2	12	2.3	16	2.3	1	2.2	—	—		—		—
168	Equatorial Guinea	1.8	3	1.7	3	1.9	17	2.1	1	1.9	—	—		—		—		—		—
168	Guinea	1.8	5	1.6	5	1.9	8	1.9	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
168	Iran	1.8	27	2.3	10	2.5	26	2.7	17	2.9	1	2.9	9	3	—	—		—		—
168	Turkmenistan	1.8	2	1.8	4	2	20	2.2	13	1.8	22	2	—	—		—		—		—
168	Burundi	1.8	10	1.9	27	2.5	1	2.4		2.3	—	—		—		—		—		—
168	Haiti	1.8	9	1.4		1.6	14	1.8	8	1.8	10	1.5	14	1.5	42	2.2	—	—		—
174	Uzbekistan	1.7	8	1.8	9	1.7	24	2.1	14	2.2	23	2.3	14	2.4	32	2.9	3	2.7	8	2.4	15
175	Chad	1.6	2	1.6	1	1.8	16	2	2	1.7	16	1.7	—	—		—		—		—
176	Iraq	1.5	2	1.3		1.5	18	1.9	23	2.2	8	2.1	16	2.2	—	—		—		—
176	Sudan	1.5	3	1.6	1	1.8	16	2	12	2.1	22	2.2	16	2.3	—	—		—		—
178	Myanmar	1.4		1.3	1	1.4	19	1.9	5	1.8	13	1.7	13	1.6	—	—		—		—
179	Afghanistan	1.3	3	1.5	4	1.8	55	—		2.5	—	—		—		—		—		—
—	Yugoslavia	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1.3	1
180	Somalia	1.1		1	1	1.4	35	—		2.1	—	—		—		—		—		—

1995–1999

Corruption Perceptions Index table:^[22]

#	Nation or Territory	1999^[45]		1998^[46]		1997^[47]		1996^[48]		1995^[49]
#	Nation or Territory	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score	Δ^[i]	Score
1	Denmark	10		10		9.94	1	9.33		9.32
2	Finland	9.4		9.6		9.48	2	9.05		9.12
3	Sweden	9.4		9.5		9.35		9.08	3	8.87
4	New Zealand	9.4	1	9.4		9.23	3	9.43		9.55
5	Iceland	9.2		9.3	—	—		—		—
5	Canada	9.2	1	9.2	1	9.1		8.96		8.87
7	Singapore	9.1		9.1	2	8.66	2	8.8	4	9.26
8	Netherlands	9		9	2	9.03	3	8.71		8.69
9	Norway	8.9	1	9	1	8.92	1	8.87	4	8.61
10	Switzerland	8.9	1	8.9	1	8.61	3	8.76		8.76
11	Luxembourg	8.8		8.7	1	8.61	—	—		—
12	Australia	8.7	1	8.7	3	8.86	2	8.6	3	8.8
13	United Kingdom	8.6	2	8.7	3	8.22	2	8.44		8.57
14	Germany	8	1	7.9	2	8.23		8.27		8.14
15	Hong Kong	7.7	1	7.8	2	7.28		7.01	1	7.12
16	Ireland	7.7	1	8.2	2	8.28	1	8.45	—	—
17	Austria	7.6		7.5		7.61	1	7.59		7.13
18	United States	7.5	1	7.5	1	7.61	1	7.66		7.79
19	Chile	6.9	1	6.8	3	6.05	2	6.8	7	7.94
20	Israel	6.8	1	7.1	4	7.97	1	7.71	—	—
21	Portugal	6.7	1	6.5	3	6.97	3	6.53		5.56
22	Spain	6.6	1	6.1	1	5.9	8	4.31	6	4.35
23	France	6.6	1	6.7	1	6.66	1	6.96	1	7
24	Botswana	6.1	1	6.1	—	—		—		—
25	Japan	6		5.8	4	6.57	4	7.05	3	6.72
26	Slovenia	6	—	—		—		—		—
27	Estonia	5.7	1	5.7	—	—		—		—
28	Taiwan	5.6	1	5.3	2	5.02	2	4.98	4	5.08
29	Namibia	5.3		5.3	—	—		—		—
29	Belgium	5.3	1	5.4	2	5.25	6	6.84	1	6.85
31	Hungary	5.2	2	5	5	5.18	3	4.86	3	4.12
32	Costa Rica	5.1	5	5.6	5	6.45	—	—		—
32	Malaysia	5.1	3	5.3	3	5.01	6	5.32	3	5.28
34	South Africa	5	2	5.2	1	4.95	10	5.68	2	5.62
34	Tunisia	5	1	5	—	—		—		—
36	Mauritius	4.9	3	5	—	—		—		—
36	Greece	4.9		4.9	11	5.35	3	5.01	2	4.04
38	Italy	4.7	1	4.6	9	5.03	4	3.42	1	2.99
39	Czech Republic	4.6	2	4.8	10	5.2	2	5.37	—	—
40	Peru	4.5	1	4.5	—	—		—		—
41	Uruguay	4.4	1	4.3	13	4.14	—	—		—
41	Jordan	4.4	3	4.7	8	—		4.89	—	—
43	Mongolia	4.3	—	—		—		—		—
44	Poland	4.2	5	4.6	10	5.08	5	5.57	—	—
45	Morocco	4.1	5	3.7	—	—		—		—
45	Brazil	4.1	1	4	10	3.56	4	2.96	3	2.7
45	Zimbabwe	4.1	2	4.2	—	—		—		—
45	Malawi	4.1		4.1	—	—		—		—
49	El Salvador	3.9	2	3.6	—	—		—		—
50	Jamaica	3.8	1	3.8	—	—		—		—
50	South Korea	3.8	7	4.2	9	4.29	7	5.02		4.29
50	Lithuania	3.8	—	—		—		—		—
53	Slovak Republic	3.7	6	3.9	—	—		—		—
54	Philippines	3.6	1	3.3	15	3.05	4	2.69	8	2.77
54	Turkey	3.6		3.4	16	3.21	5	3.54	4	4.1
56	Mozambique	3.5	—	—		—		—		—
56	Zambia	3.5	4	3.5	—	—		—		—
58	China	3.4	6	3.5	11	2.88	9	2.43	10	2.16
58	Belarus	3.4	11	3.9	—	—		—		—
58	Mexico	3.4	3	3.3	8	2.66	9	3.3	6	3.18
58	Latvia	3.4	13	2.7	—	—		—		—
58	Senegal	3.4	3	3.3	—	—		—		—
63	Ghana	3.3	8	3.3	—	—		—		—
63	Romania	3.3	2	3	24	3.44	—	—		—
63	Egypt	3.3	3	2.9	25	—		2.84	—	—
63	Bulgaria	3.3	3	2.9	—	—		—		—
63	FYR Macedonia	3.3	—	—		—		—		—
68	Thailand	3.2	7	3	22	3.06	2	3.33	3	2.79
68	Guatemala	3.2	9	3.1	—	—		—		—
70	Nicaragua	3.1	9	3	—	—		—		—
71	Argentina	3	10	3	19	2.81	7	3.41	11	5.24
72	India	2.9	6	2.9	21	2.75	1	2.63	11	2.78
72	Colombia	2.9	7	2.2	29	2.23	8	2.73	11	3.44
74	Croatia	2.7	—	—		—		—		—
75	Moldova	2.6	—	—		—		—		—
75	Vietnam	2.6	1	2.5	31	2.79	—	—		—
75	Venezuela	2.6	2	2.3	33	2.77	4	2.5	10	2.66
75	Ukraine	2.6	6	2.8	—	—		—		—
75	Ivory Coast	2.6	16	3.1	—	—		—		—
80	Bolivia	2.5	11	2.8	18	2.05	15	3.4	—	—
80	Armenia	2.5	—	—		—		—		—
82	Ecuador	2.4	5	2.3	38	—		3.19	—	—
82	Russia	2.4	6	2.4	27	2.27	2	2.58	—	—
84	Kazakhstan	2.3	—	—		—		—		—
84	Albania	2.3	—	—		—		—		—
84	Georgia	2.3	—	—		—		—		—
—	Bangladesh	—		—		—		2.29	51	—
87	Kyrgyz Republic	2.2	—	—		—		—		—
87	Uganda	2.2	14	2.6	30	—		2.71	—	—
87	Pakistan	2.2	16	2.7	23	2.53	5	1	14	2.25
90	Paraguay	2	6	1.5	—	—		—		—
90	Yugoslavia	2	29	3	—	—		—		—
90	Kenya	2	16	2.5	22	—		2.21	—	—
93	Tanzania	1.9	12	1.9	—	—		—		—
94	Uzbekistan	1.8	—	—		—		—		—
94	Honduras	1.8	11	1.7	—	—		—		—
96	Indonesia	1.7	16	2	34	2.72	1	2.65	4	1.94
96	Azerbaijan	1.7	—	—		—		—		—
98	Nigeria	1.6	17	1.9	29	1.76	2	0.69	—	—
99	Cameroon	1.5	14	1.4	36	—		2.46	—	—

Footnotes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa Change in Rank (not Score).

References

^ "Corruption Perception Index". transparency.org. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
^ Transparency International (2011). "Corruption Perceptions Index". Transparency International. Archived from the original on 13 December 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
^ CPI 2010: Long methodological brief, p. 2
^ "1995 – CPI". Transparency.org. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
^ ^a ^b "CPI 2022". Transparency International. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
^ Transparency International. "Corruption Perceptions Index 2022: Full Source Description". Corruption Perceptions Index: 1.
^ Transparency International. "Corruption Perceptions Index: Frequently Asked Questions". Corruption Perceptions Index: 1.
^ ^a ^b "CPI 2010: Long methodological brief": 7. {cite journal}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Transparency International (2010). "Frequently asked questions (FAQs)". Corruption Perceptions Index 2010. Transparency International. Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
^ "Frequently Asked Questions: TI Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI 2005)". Retrieved 22 November 2005.
^ ^a ^b Wilhelm, Paul G. (2002). "International Validation of the Corruption Perceptions Index: Implications for Business Ethics and Entrepreneurship Education". Journal of Business Ethics. Springer Netherlands. 35 (3): 177–189. doi:10.1023/A:1013882225402. S2CID 151245049.
^ Cobham, Alex (23 July 2013). "Corrupting Perceptions: Why Transparency International's Flagship Corruption Index Falls Short". cgdev.org.
^ Shao, J.; Ivanov, P. C.; Podobnik, B.; Stanley, H. E. (2007). "Quantitative relations between corruption and economic factors". The European Physical Journal B. 56 (2): 157. arXiv:0705.0161. Bibcode:2007EPJB...56..157S. doi:10.1140/epjb/e2007-00098-2. S2CID 2357298.
^ Podobnik, B.; Shao, J.; Njavro, D.; Ivanov, P. C.; Stanley, H. E. (2008). "Influence of corruption on economic growth rate and foreign investment". The European Physical Journal B. 63 (4): 547. arXiv:0710.1995. Bibcode:2008EPJB...63..547P. doi:10.1140/epjb/e2008-00210-2. S2CID 3038265.
^ "Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index: Whose Perceptions Are They Anyway?" (PDF). 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2020.
^ Hough, Dan (27 January 2016). "Here's this year's (flawed) Corruption Perception Index. Those flaws are useful". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
^ Werve, Jonathan (23 September 2008). "TI's Index: Local Chapter Not Having It". Global Integrity. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b Cobham, Alex (22 July 2013). "Corrupting Perceptions". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
^ Hamilton, Alexander (2017). "Can We Measure the Power of the Grabbing Hand? A Comparative Analysis of Different Indicators of Corruption" (PDF). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series.
^ Campbell, Stuart (2013). "Perception is Not Reality: The FCPA, Brazil, and the Mismeasurement of Corruption". Minnesota Journal of International Law. Rochester, NY: Elsevier. 22 (1): 247–282.
^ "2015 Corruptions Perceptions Index - Explore the results". Transparency.org. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Corruption Perceptions Index (latest)". Transparency International. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2021". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
^ "CPI 2020". Transparency International. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
^ "CPI 2019". Transparency International. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
^ "CPI 2018". Transparency International. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
^ "CPI 2017". Transparency International. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
^ "CPI 2016". Transparency International. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
^ "CPI 2015". Transparency International. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
^ "CPI 2014". Transparency International. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
^ "CPI 2013". Transparency International. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
^ "CPI 2012". Transparency International. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
^ "CPI 2011". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2010". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2009". Transparency International. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2008". Transparency International. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2007". Transparency International. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2006". Transparency International. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2005". Transparency International. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2004". Transparency International. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2003". Transparency International. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2002". Transparency International. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2001". Transparency International. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
^ "CPI 2000". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
^ "CPI 1999". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
^ "CPI 1998". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
^ "CPI 1997". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
^ "CPI 1996". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
^ "CPI 1995". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.

External links

A Users' Guide to Measuring Corruption critiques the CPI and similar indices.
Corruption Perceptions Index 2022
Global Integrity Index
Interactive world map of the Corruption Perception Index: 2000–2008 Archived 12 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine
List of Global Development Indexes and Rankings
Official site
Transparency International (2010). Corruption Perceptions Index 2010: Long methodological brief (PDF) (Report). Transparency International. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2011.

[R-25] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa Change in Rank (not Score).

[1] "Corruption Perception Index". transparency.org. Retrieved 28 January 2020.

[2] Transparency International (2011). "Corruption Perceptions Index". Transparency International. Archived from the original on 13 December 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.

[cpilong2-3] CPI 2010: Long methodological brief, p. 2

[4] "1995 – CPI". Transparency.org. Retrieved 7 July 2022.

[ti_2022-5] "CPI 2022". Transparency International. Retrieved 31 January 2023.

[6] Transparency International. "Corruption Perceptions Index 2022: Full Source Description". Corruption Perceptions Index: 1.

[cpilong1-7] Transparency International. "Corruption Perceptions Index: Frequently Asked Questions". Corruption Perceptions Index: 1.

[cpilong7-8] "CPI 2010: Long methodological brief": 7. {cite journal}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[cpifaq-9] Transparency International (2010). "Frequently asked questions (FAQs)". Corruption Perceptions Index 2010. Transparency International. Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.

[2005FAQ-10] "Frequently Asked Questions: TI Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI 2005)". Retrieved 22 November 2005.

[ivcp-11] Wilhelm, Paul G. (2002). "International Validation of the Corruption Perceptions Index: Implications for Business Ethics and Entrepreneurship Education". Journal of Business Ethics. Springer Netherlands. 35 (3): 177–189. doi:10.1023/A:1013882225402. S2CID 151245049.

[12] Cobham, Alex (23 July 2013). "Corrupting Perceptions: Why Transparency International's Flagship Corruption Index Falls Short". cgdev.org.

[13] Shao, J.; Ivanov, P. C.; Podobnik, B.; Stanley, H. E. (2007). "Quantitative relations between corruption and economic factors". The European Physical Journal B. 56 (2): 157. arXiv:0705.0161. Bibcode:2007EPJB...56..157S. doi:10.1140/epjb/e2007-00098-2. S2CID 2357298.

[14] Podobnik, B.; Shao, J.; Njavro, D.; Ivanov, P. C.; Stanley, H. E. (2008). "Influence of corruption on economic growth rate and foreign investment". The European Physical Journal B. 63 (4): 547. arXiv:0710.1995. Bibcode:2008EPJB...63..547P. doi:10.1140/epjb/e2008-00210-2. S2CID 3038265.

[15] "Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index: Whose Perceptions Are They Anyway?" (PDF). 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2020.

[16] Hough, Dan (27 January 2016). "Here's this year's (flawed) Corruption Perception Index. Those flaws are useful". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

[17] Werve, Jonathan (23 September 2008). "TI's Index: Local Chapter Not Having It". Global Integrity. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013.

[Cobham,_Alex-18] Cobham, Alex (22 July 2013). "Corrupting Perceptions". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2017.

[19] Hamilton, Alexander (2017). "Can We Measure the Power of the Grabbing Hand? A Comparative Analysis of Different Indicators of Corruption" (PDF). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series.

[ssrn.com-20] Campbell, Stuart (2013). "Perception is Not Reality: The FCPA, Brazil, and the Mismeasurement of Corruption". Minnesota Journal of International Law. Rochester, NY: Elsevier. 22 (1): 247–282.

[cpi2015-21] "2015 Corruptions Perceptions Index - Explore the results". Transparency.org. Retrieved 5 January 2023.

[cpi-22] "Corruption Perceptions Index (latest)". Transparency International. Retrieved 31 January 2023.

[ti_2021-23] "CPI 2021". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2022.

[ti_2020-24] "CPI 2020". Transparency International. Retrieved 28 January 2021.

[ti_2019-26] "CPI 2019". Transparency International. Retrieved 8 February 2023.

[ti_2018-27] "CPI 2018". Transparency International. Retrieved 29 January 2017.

[ti_2017-28] "CPI 2017". Transparency International. Retrieved 29 January 2017.

[ti_2016-29] "CPI 2016". Transparency International. Retrieved 29 January 2017.

[ti_2015-30] "CPI 2015". Transparency International. Retrieved 28 January 2016.

[ti_2014-31] "CPI 2014". Transparency International. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

[ti_2013-32] "CPI 2013". Transparency International. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

[ti_2012-33] "CPI 2012". Transparency International. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

[ti_2011-34] "CPI 2011". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

[ti_2010-35] "CPI 2010". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

[ti_2009-36] "CPI 2009". Transparency International. Retrieved 18 January 2023.

[ti_2008-37] "CPI 2008". Transparency International. Retrieved 19 January 2023.

[ti_2007-38] "CPI 2007". Transparency International. Retrieved 19 January 2023.

[ti_2006-39] "CPI 2006". Transparency International. Retrieved 20 January 2023.

[ti_2005-40] "CPI 2005". Transparency International. Retrieved 20 January 2023.

[ti_2004-41] "CPI 2004". Transparency International. Retrieved 21 January 2023.

[ti_2003-42] "CPI 2003". Transparency International. Retrieved 23 January 2023.

[ti_2002-43] "CPI 2002". Transparency International. Retrieved 23 January 2023.

[ti_2001-44] "CPI 2001". Transparency International. Retrieved 23 January 2023.

[ti_2000-45] "CPI 2000". Transparency International. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

[ti_1999-46] "CPI 1999". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.

[ti_1998-47] "CPI 1998". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.

[ti_1997-48] "CPI 1997". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.

[ti_1996-49] "CPI 1996". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.

[ti_1995-50] "CPI 1995". Transparency International. Retrieved 17 January 2023.

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v t e Lists of countries by political rankings
Freedom	Freedom in the World Press Freedom of the Press World Press Freedom Index Economic Economic Freedom of the World Global Enabling Trade Report Index of Economic Freedom
Corruption	Bribe Payers Index Corruption Perceptions Index Global Corruption Barometer
Competitiveness	Composite Index of National Capability
History	Flag adoption date Formation date Largest empires Timeline of geopolitical changes before 1500 1500–1899 1900–1999 2000–present
Rights	Global Gender Gap Report LGBT rights by country or territory Privacy International World Justice Project Rule of Law Index Censorship by country Freedom of speech by country Internet censorship and surveillance by country
Democracy	Democracy indices V-Dem Democracy Indices The Economist Democracy Index Bertelsmann Transformation Index Aspects Presidentialism metric Gallagher index Effective number of parties Direct democracy index
Other	Central bank independence indices Commitment to Development Index Consultation on rule-making Ease of doing business index Environmental Performance Index Fragile States Index Global Innovation Index Global Liveability Ranking Global Peace Index Global Slavery Index Global Terrorism Index Good Country Index Human Development Index Judicial independence metric Incarceration rate Legatum Prosperity Index OECD Better Life Index Political terror scale Satisfaction with Life Index
List of international rankings Lists by country

Corruption Perceptions Index

Methods

Validity

Economic implications

Assessments

Rankings

2020–2022

2010–2019

2000–2009

1995–1999

See also

Footnotes

References

External links