Dan Mannix

For the Australian bishop, see Daniel Mannix.

Daniel Pratt Mannix IV (October 27, 1911 – January 29, 1997) was an American writer, journalist, photographer, sideshow performer, stage magician, animal trainer, and filmmaker. His best-known works are the 1958 book Those About to Die, which remained in continuous print for three decades and was inspiration for the Ridley Scott movie Gladiator and upcoming TV drama Those About to Die on Peacock; and the 1967 novel The Fox and the Hound, which in 1981 was loosely adapted into an animated feature film by Walt Disney Productions.

Early life

The Mannix family had a long history of service in the U.S. Navy, and Mannix' father, Daniel P. Mannix, III, was an American naval officer.[1] [2] His mother would often join her husband on his postings, and the Mannix children would stay at their grandparents' farm outside Philadelphia.[3] It was there that Mannix began to keep and raise various wild animals. In time, the cost of feeding them led him to write his first book, The Back-Yard Zoo.[4] Following family tradition, Mannix enrolled in the U.S. Naval Academy in 1930, but left the next year, moving to the University of Pennsylvania and earning a degree in journalism instead of zoology.[5]

Mannix married Jule Junker in 1939[6] and she became a partner in his adventures.[7][8] Their family was listed in the Philadelphia Social Register. A writer and friend of the family wrote: "Families like the Mannix family are also referred to as being from 'old money', although if economic circumstances changed, they might become known as 'fallen aristocracy' ". [9]

Career

Mannix served as a naval lieutenant with the Photo-Science Laboratory in Washington, D.C. during World War II,[1] where he was tasked with creating training films.[10] His civilian career could briefly be described as engaging in various adventurous activities which he filmed for lectures or wrote about in magazines and books. He also kept a small menagerie of wild and domestic animals which allowed him to study their behavior and then feature them in print and film. His interest in unsavory, even horrifying, human behavior and attitudes was also featured in some of his books. However, he was also interested in gentler topics such as L. Frank Baum and his books about the land of Oz.

Carnival Life

Mannix joined a traveling carnival after college where he learned to be a sword swallower, fire eater, stage magician, escape artist, mind reader, and lock picker, performing under the stage name The Great Zadma. His magazine articles about these experiences, co-written with his wife Jule Junker Mannix,[11] proved popular and were later expanded into book form in his 1951 account of carnival life, Step Right Up, which in turn was reprinted in 1964 as Memoirs of a Sword Swallower.[12] He claimed that he held the record for many years for swallowing the longest sword (26 inches) although there is no documented proof of that.[12]

At the conclusion of Step Right Up, Mannix stated that while still in the carnival (and still single) he borrowed a typewriter from the carnival manager and submitted the manuscript of his first article, How to Swallow a Sword to Colliers magazine and that shortly before he left the carnival, he received notice that it had been accepted. His dream of becoming a freelance writer seemed to be becoming a reality. In the final lines of the book, he wrote "I made up my mind. That night I packed my suitcase, left a note for the Impossible [stage name of his mentor at the Carnival] and started east in my car. In my inside pocket was the letter from Colliers asking for a series of articles based on carnival life. And on the seat beside me was a second-hand typewriter I’d purchased from the carnival manager."[13]

The Colliers articles were published from 1944 to 1947.[11] These dates appear inconsistent with the Step Right Up account (i.e.: artistic license was taken in the book), since they were years after his marriage to Jule Mannix in 1939. In any event, most of them were published under the by-line, The Great Zadma as told to Jule Junker Mannix.[11] How to Swallow a Sword,[14] 1944, the first in the series, was printed in condensed form in the Reader's Digest in 1945.[15]

A review in The New Yorker magazine described Step Right Up as "A sympathetic and funny account of life with a carnival by a young man who impulsively joined up with one, mastered the elements of fire-eating and sword-swallowing in record time, and then rose, Horatio Alger-like, into the rarefied company of neon-bulb swallower, a coterie whose prestige is offset by a phenomenally high mortality rate."[16] Another review noted that "Step Right Up is not merely Mannix's story but the story of the people he lived with [in the carnival] — how they thought, acted and felt". There's Krinko, the human pincushion who drives a nail through his tongue; Jolly Daisy, the 700-pound fat woman who describes how she feels about her role in life; skinny May who manages huge snakes; Bronko, the cowboy, who can't ride a horse; etc. One of the weirdest in the reviewer's opinion was "the Human Ostrich - He swallowed any and everything he could stuff into his mouth. 'Any object I swallow I regurgitate afterward. The rats are never hurt, neither are the frogs. Before swallowing a frog I always drink a quart of water to give the little fellows something to land in as frogs have feelings just like anyone else' ".[17]

In an author's note, Mannix said that he worked "under canvas" for nearly three years and although sideshow feats (such as swallowing neon lightbulbs or swallowing live rats and frogs and bringing them back up again) might seem incredible to most people, he "either performed or saw performed all the stunts I tell about in this book". He added, "Except for combining the events of chronologically separated occasions into one summer, I've told the story of a traveling American carnival as I experienced it—only changing the names of the people with whom I worked". [18]

Hunting and Safaris

He engaged in various ancient/traditional forms of hunting, i.e. beagling and using blowguns, bolas, boomerangs, trained cormorants, etc.[19] He collaborated on books with J. A. Hunter, a big game hunter in East Africa and Peter Ryhiner [de], a collector of large animals for zoos and circuses.[20] [21] He was also a falconer and bird trainer. These skills were showcased in the 1956 short film Universal Color Parade: Parrot Jungle, in which he is credited as the writer, actor, director, producer, photographer, and bird trainer which was cut from a two-reel film.[22] He and his wife also made a short film, King of the Sky, showing their experience hunting iguanas on horseback with an eagle, shortened from a two-reel film, Eagle vs. Dragon.[23]

Eagle vs. Dragon was made with the help of Universal studios. It was shot with a 16 mm camera for economic reasons and converted to 32 mm so it could be shown in movie theaters where it was advertised as "Eagle vs. Dragon! The Thrilling Story of a Giant American Eagle Battling Prehistoric Monsters". The couple also filmed hunting cayotes with their cheetah in the American West, fishermen harpooning manta rays in Mexico, and big game in Kenya. The last of these was filmed with J. A. Hunter and includes a scene of a rhinoceros charging their vehicle, only to turn away when Hunter and a guide shouted and waved their arms. His picture of a wounded Manta Ray leaping from the water was published in Life magazine. The films were used in lecture tours around the United States.[24][25]

Small menagerie

Mannix was a keen observer of animal behavior and incorporated his observations into his writing. For example, in his book All Creatures Great and Small, Mannix described how as a boy he stayed at his grandparent's country house and kept a variety of wild animals including a porcupine, armadillo, crow, even an alligator. Among the more surprising of these were skunks with intact anal glands fully capable of spraying anyone disturbing them. The protagonist in his book Outcasts, is a young city boy, who similar to Mannix's experience, is now living in a country house and has adopted a skunk family. It’s a fun children's book. As one review put it: "this is good fiction and, face it, there is nothing funnier than a full skunk in brisk action at this age level"[26]

After his marriage he began keeping what are generally perceived as less docile animals. Many of these are describe in Jule Mannix's book, Adventure Happy: The Story of My Marriage to a Small Menagerie.[27] All Creatures Great and Small includes photographs of Mannix with a golden eagle on his gauntleted fist, Jule Mannix on horseback with an bald eagle, their young daughter sitting next to a cheetah, and their son with a rock python draped around his neck. Pictures of other animals in their menagerie (and some from when he was a boy) include: kinkajous, a coati-mundi, a vampire bat being fed blood with an eyedropper, a caracara, cormorants being trained to fish, a large iguana held by Jule Mannix, a peregrine falcon, a goshawk, a porcupine, skunks, a possum, a cheetah leaping from their car in pursuit of a jackrabbit, a spider monkey and an otter eating a freshly caught fish.[28] True The Men's Magazine published over 60 of his articles, mostly about the animals in his menagerie.[29] Some were trained for hunting or fishing. His book, A Sporting Chance: Unusual Methods of Hunting describes these experiences.[30]

One of his objectives in keeping the animals was to get a better understanding of their behaviors and their interactions with humans so he could better represent them in his books and articles. For example, in preparation for his award winning book, The Fox and The Hound, Mannix spent more than a year studying the behaviors of a mated pair of foxes that he kept at his home.[31] He stated that they were "so tame [that he] could turn them loose and watch them hunt, fight, make love, and live an almost normal life."[32] Additionally, he studied wild foxes and interviewed trappers, hunters, game wardens, and "Masters of Hounds" to learn what they felt foxes would and would not do.[32][31] In the novel's postscript, Mannix discusses this research.[32] To defend his novel against charges of improbability, he recounts his observations of wild foxes and discusses other people's stories about fox behavior. Regarding the actions Tod, the fox, takes in eluding the hunters, he details both witnessing wild foxes performing such acts and stories others shared with him that he used as a basis for some of the story's events. For example, he notes that while people have told him that foxes do not really run among sheep or cattle herds to escape hounds, he himself used to watch them do just that from his bedroom window. In the case of a fox running along train tracks as a train is approaching, Mannix drew on a story told to him by a master of hunting in the area of Whitford Sales—near Thorndale, Pennsylvania—who had to stop hunting in the area because of a fox who consistently killed pursuing hounds on the Trenton Cutoff using this method.[32][31]

Death of Grace Olive Wiley

In his role as a photo-journalist, Mannix witnessed the death of the famed herpetologist Grace Olive Wiley when she was fatally bitten by a venomous snake.[33] He had just completed an article about her but needed additional photographs. So on July 20, 1948, Wiley, then 64 years old, invited Mannix and his wife to her home in Cypress, California, to get the additional photographs of her with the snakes. She posed for him with a Indian cobra she had recently acquired. Before taking the picture, she took off her glasses to look better, she said. This may have impaired her vision and contributed to the accident. She then placed her flat palm in front of the snake, This is normally fairly safe for an expert because, unlike vipers like rattlesnakes which stab with their fangs, cobra teeth are small, and they need to bite and chew to inject venom. Their mouths are not large enough to bite a comparatively large flat surface like a palm. It was a maneuver that she had demonstrated to Mannix in a previous interview. However, on this occasion the snake was able to bite her finger just as he was taking a picture. [34]

When asked if she had antivenom serum she replied "I don't keep any serums. I have so many different kinds of snakes and each requires a different serum, I couldn't afford them all and they would go bad in a few months. I just never thought this would happen." Mannix attempted to put a rubber tourniquet on her finger from her snake-bite kit, but the rubber was old and it broke. He was forced to use his handkerchief as a makeshift substitute. Wiley had a vial of strychnine, which can delay the effects of the venom, but the hypodermic needle needed to inject it was rusty and when Jule Mannix attempted to use it, she accidentally broke the vial. They considered cutting the wound to drain the poison but Wiley said cobra venom travels through the nervous system not the blood so that would not help. At her request, he took her to Long Beach Municipal Hospital, but the hospital only had antivenom serums for North American snakes. Wiley was placed in an iron lung to assist her breathing, but to no avail; she died less than two hours after being bitten.[34][35]

Mannix published an account of the incident, which included pictures of Wiley with the cobra that bit her, several months later in True, The Man's Magazine.[36][37] In 1954, Jule Mannix adapted the account for her book, Adventure Happy.[34] Mannix wrote about it again in 1963 for his book All Creatures Great and Small.[38]

Books

Mannix covered a wide variety of subject matter as an author. His books ranged from fictional stories with young, somewhat outcast protagonists who had animals as best friends,[39][40][41][42] novels for adults featuring animal characters with detailed, minimally anthropomorphic, depictions of their behavior based on personal experience,[43] sympathetic accounts of carnival performers and sideshow freaks (written in a very personal and warm manner),[44] and adventurous accounts about hunting or collecting big game (which "should bring the adventure and flavor of the jungle roaring, hissing and stampeding into the living room better than the television screen").[20]

He also wrote about sensational adult topics such as a biography of the occultist Aleister Crowley (a book "of no interest to the serious scholar"),[45] and the Hellfire Club (a book with "unsubstantiated" accounts of Hell-Fire Club activities . . . emphasizing the fantastic and the controversial).[46] His book, Those About to Die was criticized by a well-known Oxford historian and historical fiction writer as being the worst novel ever written set in the ancient world. He cites a sentence in the opening paragraph describing the Roman Empire as "coming apart like an unraveling sweater".[47] In response, another reviewer commented, "Daniel Mannix is rather frowned upon in serious circles because, I suspect, he writes highly readable ('enjoyable' isn't quite the right word) studies of the darker side of human nature, and explores some of the most disturbing episodes in our history".[48]

A long review of Those About To Die in the Los Angeles Times noted that "Some historians may disapprove of the author's methods, but there is a curious logic about them". As might be expected, he visited the Colosseum and sites in Pompeii frequented by the gladiators to accurately describe the setting. But he went well beyond that. "For example, in describing the venatores’ battle with the lions and tigers, he drew on Martial and Strabo as original sources, some later scholarly histories, J. A. Hunter's account of Masai warriors spearing lions, and comments by Mel Koontz [trainer of the MGM lion mascot] and other professional lion tamers".[49]

Mannix provided a wealth of detail; for example, in his account of chariot racing he described "the training of the drivers, the betting techniques, the harnessing of the horses" as well as the racing stud farms. Initially the games were rather tame, featuring acrobats, wire walkers, trained animals and perhaps a sham battle. They evolved over time to include actual battles between armies and even a naval battle fought on an artificial lake that required thousands of men 11 years to build. These spectacles became a narcotic for the audience who became a howling, cruel and lustful mob. The popularity of top gladiators and charioteers was like that of today's top celebrities, only more so."[49] According to Mannix, the fanatic love of chariot racing had a name: Hippomania: horse-madness. He wrote that "When Felix, a famous charioteer for the Reds [one of four charioteer companies identified by the color of their tunics], was killed in a race and his body burned on a funeral pyre, a man threw himself into the flame so he could perish with his idol".[50] Although his vivid (perhaps overly vivid for some) style of writing was frowned on by scholars, the review concludes that all was "told in effective prose and intriguing detail in this unusual volume".[49]

On the other hand, some of his works received positive reviews from scholars, for example Black Cargoes: A History of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1518–1865 written in collaboration with Malcolm Cowley. A reviewer in the Journal of Negro history wrote: "This is not, perhaps, the definitive scholarly study of the Atlantic slave trade. I am not sure that the authors intended it to be. It is, however, a savage indictment of all those connected with what Wilberforce called "this bloody traffic", written in such a style as to make it easy but not pleasant reading."[51] Another historian described it as "one of the canonical histories on the slave trade".[52]

His contribution to The Old Navy: The Glorious Heritage of the U.S. Navy, Recounted through the Journals of an American Patriot by Rear Admiral Daniel P. Mannix, 3rd, his father's posthumously published autobiography was also well received. It is an account of his father's naval career from the Spanish–American War of 1898 until his retirement in 1928. A naval historian commented, "Daniel Pratt Mannix IV has done a commendable job in editing his father's papers. With assistance from the Naval History Division, he has produced a beguiling memoir of a navy moving from post-Civil War insularity to the threshold of world power".[2]

Several of Mannix's books have animal protagonists. As described in The Animal Stories of Daniel P. Mannix, a 25-minute video on YouTube, they are anthropomorphic but are unique in having "authentic realistic style". For example, the animals have no understanding of human language beyond what might be expected. Copper, the hound in The Fox and The Hound, can only recognize his name and a few short expressions or commands. Tod, the fox, who was initially kept as a pet, does not know the name given by his owner and has no understanding of human language. Furthermore, there is no communication between the fox and the hound. Their perception of the world is largely based on scent. They engaged in natural behaviors which could seem unpalatable such as Cooper eating grass in order to throw up. In another book, The Last Eagle, while a mother eagle is very caring towards its young, the young do not care for each other. One young sibling kills another to get more food. Animal sexual activity is also briefly portrayed in some stories. Much of Mannix's insights stemmed from having kept and observed the animals he wrote about.[53]

Another feature of Mannix's animal books is that, while humans crave a sense of meaning in life, Mannix's animals have no such concept. In the clash between a gamecock and coopers hawk in The Fighters neither is morally superior. This leads to greater uncertainty about the outcome, and perhaps greater suspense, since in typical story telling, the good guy usually wins.[53] In an author's note cited in Sports Illustrated magazine Mannix wrote, "I feel the time has passed, when we can dismiss the feeding habits of predators by saying that they eat only harmful rats and mice. The role of the predator in nature is far too complicated and important for that well-meant deception". The review notes that a list of the hawks dietary victims "reads like the index to a field guide for bird watchers, ranging from the American redstart to the wax-wing" and also pheasants, quail and grouse. Its opponent is a gamecock that was raised to fight in a cockpit and was discarded after a police raid.[54]

His book, Troubled Waters, is told from the perspective of an escaped goldfish. It has an environmentalist theme and has less of a story structure than his other books.[53] A New York Times reviewer concluded that it is a "somewhat tenuous story of a goldfish that ends in tragedy. But all the way through it is enriched with the natural history of a river, a brook and a pond, all being steadily destroyed by thoughtless mankind".[55]

The protagonists in most of Mannix's fictional books are children or animals set in 20th century America. However, his book Kiboko follows the exploits of a disillusioned southern American civil war seaman, Thomas Rutledge, who became a slave trader, transporting slaves to Brazil. The title refers to the Swahili name for the whip used to control the African captives. He gave up the slave trade after it became unprofitable and took up ivory trading instead. He eventually became a pasha of a kingdom on the shores of Lake Victoria after overthrowing a king who had an Amazon guard which turned against him. Then when the British began to colonize the kingdom, Rutledge led a great battle to oppose them.[56] While Mannix admitted that the story was exaggerated, there was such a land and lake battle near the shores of Lake Victoria. And he noted that, after he finished the manuscript, he found reference to a "Mr. Stokes", a suspected slaver, who became a sort of grand vizier to the king and who participated in the battle on the side of the local tribe. Mannix also noted that his description of the Amazon warriors was based on the Dahomey Amazons.[57]

Kiboko received mixed reviews. Negative reviews described the plot as disjointed, the characters as "wooden" and that Mannix's attempt to include his empirical knowledge of Africa bogged down the story.[58][59] Positive reviews highlighted the adventure and depictions of battles. One reviewer described the battle with the British as follows: "Knowing their chances are slim, risking their fortune in ivory and their lives, Rutledge and Kitty [his abolitionist wife] rally their native forces—the bodyguard of Manyema cannibals, 500 beautiful Amazon maidens and 16,000 painted and feathered Buntorian warriors [Buntoro being the fictional name of Baganda (southern Uganda)]. The savage conflict that follows is surely one of the most spectacular ever written".[60] Another positive review offered this assessment: "Not only is this one of the most absorbing historical novels we have read recently, but it graphically points up the ideological and temperamental variance between Americans and Englishmen on one hand, Africans and Englishmen on the other". It also praised his portrayal of the relationship between Rutledge and Kitty as "a beautiful story of love and devotion in which [their] two ideological spheres meet".[61]

Mannix also collaborated with several notable people in writing their autobiographies, including big game hunter, J. A. Hunter; animal collector, Peter Ryhiner; and ground-breaking veterinarian, Phyllis Lose. In a long review of Phyllis Lose's biography, a reviewer for The Brattleboro Reformer noted that: "In this day of Women's Lib and ERA it is astonishing to find a book entitled “No Job for a Lady,” but when Phyllis Lose decided she wanted to become a veterinarian it was indeed no job for a lady. Here is her autobiography, a sometimes humorous, sometimes sad but always entertaining and interesting account of her struggles to become one of the first women veterinarians in the country." One of her greatest achievements was to open her own equine hospital which is considered to be one of the world’s finest.[62]

Interest in L. Frank Baum and the Land of Oz

He participated in the organization of the Munchkin Conventions of the International Wizard of Oz Club with Ray Powell since their inception in 1967[63] Conventions in 1967 and 1970 were held at his farm.[8] The 1967 convention marked the inauguration of the Munchkins and had over 100 attendees from several U.S. states and Canada.[64] At one of the conventions, "he delighted the younger set with a demonstration of his fire eating skills!".[65]

Mannix began writing about Oz in 1964 with The Father of the Wizard of Oz!".[65] a biography of L. Frank Baum (author of the Oz books) published in American Heritage magazine,[65][66] after which he published nearly 20 articles in The Baum Bugle on Oz related topics.[67] Two of his more in-depth articles were an annotated version of his book, The Road to Oz, [68][69] and a review of a 1903 New York version of the musical extravaganza, The Wizard of Oz, loosely based on L. Frank Baum's book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.[70][71]

While an exhaustive critique of the Oz extravaganza is now available,[72] Mannix's account provided a short 11-page description in a colorful style. For example, he noted that Fred R. Hamlin, the play's producer, had "virtually jacked up Baum's title and moved a new play under it".[73] Mannix, himself a magician, took particular interest in a scene in Act III, in which Tin Woodman rescues the Scarecrow from a cage by disassembling him and passing the parts to Dorothy. Then they reassembled him and "as each piece is fitted into place, it becomes more and more animated until the Scarecrow is himself again". He explained that "This illusion is known among magicians as the Black Art effect". He then went on to describe exactly how it was done.[74]

Awards

Other awards include: the African Safari Club of Philadelphia's gold medal, and the Wilderness Club Award.[76]

Literary and Other Influences

Step Right Up

Mannix's book Step Right Up (later called Memoirs of a Sword Swallower) was inspiration for Penn Jillette, magician and television presenter, to take up fire eating. His description of how he got started, which appeared in Smithsonian Magazine, includes a long quote from the book which includes the line, "I was 19 years old, and like many men that age, I felt invincible. I wasn’t, and you aren’t. Remember that. Do not eat fire!"[77] Step Right Up was also inspiration for Betty Bloomerz, a current generation Sword Swallower. She considered the book to be the discipline's "urtext". [78]

African Bush Adventures

The movie Killers of Kilimanjaro (1959) was inspired by the story of the Tsavo maneaters in the 1954 book African Bush Adventures by J.A. Hunter and Daniel P. Mannix.[79] According to a contemporaneous review in The New York Times, the book includes short biographies of a dozen or so white pioneers (referred to by Hunter as a "Race of Giants") who were said to have tamed East Africa; in summary, "an utterly enthralling, sometimes hair-raising adventure story that brings to life again a primeval Africa that was still the heart of darkness".[21] While the book received positive reviews in 1954, the film released approximately five years later was criticized. The New York Times called it "a compendium of jungle cliches".[80] According to Jeffrey Richards, movies such as Killers of Kilimanjaro pushed the narrative that the British were not in East Africa to further their own ends, but instead perpetuated the myth that they were there to protect the natives from the evil Arab slavers.[81]

Those About to Die

The initial screenplay for Gladiator (winner of five Academy Awards in 2001)[82] by David Franzoni was inspired by Mannix's 1958 book Those About to Die. The book was then republished in 2001 as the Way of the Gladiator.[83] In an interview Franzoni stated that "When I read the book, it’s not the story of Gladiator, but what was in the book was an understanding of how to connect who and how we were to who and how they were. There was a very clear understanding that the coliseums were a sports franchise".[84] Indeed, a contemporaneous review of the book in The Los Angeles Times in 1958 included the following comment, "The result [Mannix's vivid and detailed writing style] may disturb scholars but it gives this volume the color and feeling of the Monday morning report by a top-notch reporter of a slam-bang football game". The book and the film have almost nothing else in common. The book is a descriptive account of the Roman games and how they evolved over time into an extraordinarily expensive and cruel entertainment enterprise.[49] The film is a dark historical drama centered on a self-indulgent, petulant emperor opposed by a heroic gladiator (former general then a slave) seeking vengeance for his murdered wife and son.[85] In addition to the film, Mannix's book is credited as inspiration for the Peacock multi-season TV drama Those About to Die which may be released in 2024.[86][87]

Hunting Dragons with an Eagle (magazine article)

The Adventures of Augie March by Saul Bellow (1953) included text similar to that in a Mannix manuscript. In one account, author, Steve Bodio, claimed that Bellow used material from a yet unpublished manuscript describing Jule and Daniel Mannix hunting iguanas on horseback with his Bald Eagle, in Mexico. Consequently, Bellow was forced to pay Mannix a large sum of money. Bodio characterized chapters 14-20 of Augie March as "FULL of Mannix!".[88] Bellow's account in The New Yorker described the situation differently. He said that he met Jule and Daniel Mannix while they were hunting. He was impressed by the eagle but not Daniel Mannix who he said was just a showman. When Mannix confronted him about his description of iguana hunting by Thea (Augie March's girlfriend), he said he added a footnote to his book. He said nothing about being forced to pay compensation.[89]

All Creatures Great and Small

Mannix's description of Grace Olive Wiley's death due to a snake bite in All Creatures Great and Small was adapted for young readers in 1936 in Elson-Gray Basic Readers Book Two as Woman Without Fear.[90] The work is still used as study material available on the internet as "A Running Brook of Horror".[91] The name refers to Mannix's description of her cobra.

The Fox and the Hound

The Fox and the Hound was selected as a Reader's Digest Book Club selection in 1967 and an abridged version was printed in the fourth volume of the publisher's Condensed Books series.[76][92] It was praised by numerous reviewers[93] [94] [31] [95] [96] [97] [98] and received the Dutton Animal Book Award and Athenaeum of Philadelphia literary award.[76] The 1981 animated feature film, The Fox and the Hound, was adapted from Mannix's 1967 book. However, the film and the novel are quite different. In the movie, the two become buddies to fight against a bear and the movie ends happily. In the book, that never happens. It is much more true-to-life and the ending is incredibly tragic for fox and hound. However, in film and book, the foxes and hounds are true to type: "foxes are survivors with a sense of adventure who often take suicidal risks" and "bloodhounds are also obedient and fiercely loyal to those closest to them".[99] However, not all of Mannix's animal protagonists are so admirable. In The Wolves of Paris, a book loosely based on real events, the protagonist is a wolf-dog cross, who leads a pack of man-eating wolves into Paris in 1450.[100]

Some plot elements in the Disney film are also similar to those in another book and film adaptation about a fox and hound: The Ballad of the Belstone Fox (1970), written by David Rook,[101] and The Belstone Fox (1973), directed by James Hill.[102] The cover art for the 40th Anniversary Edition DVD of the film includes the captions "The Original Timeless Tale of True Friendship" and "The Story that Inspired The Fox and the Hound", in reference to the 1981 Disney film.[103] This is at odds with Disney crediting Mannix's 1967 novel,[104] Nevertheless, David Rook's novel and James Hill's film do bear similarities in outline to the earlier Mannix novel. In both, a red fox kit is reared by a hunter after his family is killed. The fox later returns to the wild and eludes a hunter and his hounds by running the rails just before a train is due. This results in an accident that motivates the hunter to track the fox for vengeance.[105] The ending of Rook's novel is also similar to the Disney film as the fox and hound become reconciled and save (or attempt to save, depending on the book version) the hunters life.[106] [107]

In contrast, at the conclusion of Mannix's novel, the fox is tracked by the hound over a day and night until the fox, weakened by poison, dies of exhaustion. To add to the tragedy, the hound is euthanized (shot with a shotgun) by his master before he moves to an old age home. It is implied that the master is forced into this situation because men want to take his land for a housing development. The ruinous consequences of habitat destruction for animals (and humans), not touched upon in the Disney film, is central to Mannix's novel.[99]

Personal life

Mannix and his wife and sometime co-author Jule Junker Mannix travelled around the world and raised exotic animals. Jule Mannix wrote the book Married to Adventure in 1954 as an autobiographical account of her adventurous life with Mannix. The couple had a son, Daniel Pratt Mannix V, and a daughter, Julie Mannix von Zerneck (who married Frank von Zerneck).[108] From 1950 onward, Daniel and Jule Mannix lived in the same house in East Whiteland, near Malvern, Pennsylvania. Jule Mannix died May 25, 1977.[109] Mannix died on January 29, 1997, at the age of 85, and was survived by his son and daughter, four grandchildren (including Danielle von Zerneck), and four great-grandchildren.[108]

Mannix's daughter, Julie Mannix von Zerneck was a television actress prior to her marriage. She published a book, Secret Storms A Mother and Daughter, Lost then Found, in 2013 with her daughter Kathy Hatfield who had been given up for adoption at birth. In alternating sections throughout the text, each author tells the touching story of how they were reunited after overcoming many obstacles. In her part, Julie von Zerneck says that she was an unwed mother at the time and that her parents forced her to give up her baby for adoption.[110]

Mannix's son, Daniel Prat Mannix V, Esq. (1947-2022), learned magic, sword swallowing, and fire eating from his father and like him traveled with a circus. As a lawyer he worked to establish conservation easements.[111]

Bibliography

  • The Back-Yard Zoo, Coward-McCann, 1934; eNetPress 2014
  • More Back-Yard Zoo, Coward-McCann, 1936; eNetPress 2014
  • Step Right Up!, Harper & Bros., 1951; reprinted as Memoirs of a Sword Swallower, Ballantine, 1964; reprinted again in 1992 by Brainiac Books as Memoirs of a Sword Swallower with a new introduction by Herschell Gordon Lewis; eNetPress 2015
  • Tales of the African Frontier (with J.A. Hunter), Harper & Bros., 1954
  • The Wildest Game, by Peter Ryhiner as told to Daniel P. Mannix, J.B. Lippincott, 1958; eNetPress 2015; A shortened version of part of this book, My Beauty and My Beasts, in The Saturday Evening Post, 1958.[112][113][114]
  • Kiboko, Lippincott, 1958; in Britain: Cassell, 1959 and Harborough, 1960; eNetPress 2014
  • Those About to Die, Ballantine, 1958; reprinted as The Way of the Gladiator, 2001; eNetPress 2014
  • The Hellfire Club, Ballantine, 1959; eNetPress 2015
  • The Beast: The Scandalous Life of Aleister Crowley, Ballantine, 1959
  • Black Cargoes: A History of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1518–1865 (with Malcolm Cowley), Viking Press, 1962; softcover, Penguin Books, 1977; eNetPress 2014
  • All Creatures Great and Small, McGraw-Hill, 1963; republished ebook, The Autobiography of Daniel Mannix, eNet Press 2014
  • The History of Torture, Dell, 1964 (paperback); Hippocrene Books, 1986; eNetPress 2014
  • The Outcasts, E.P. Dutton, 1965; eNetPress 2013
  • The Last Eagle, McGraw-Hill, 1966 (illustrated by Russell Peterson); Britain: Longmans, 1967; shortened version, The Way of the Eagle, in Reader's Digest Condensed Books Vol. 64 Winter, 1966; eNetPress 2013
  • A Sporting Chance: Unusual Methods of Hunting, E.P. Dutton, 1967
  • The Fox and the Hound, E.P. Dutton, 1967; shortened version in Reader's Digest Condensed Books Vol. 71 Autumn, 1967; eNetPress 2013
  • The Killers, E.P. Dutton, 1968; eNetPress 2014
  • Troubled Waters: The Story of a Fish, a Stream and a Pond (Illustrated by Patricia Collins), E.P. Dutton, 1969; eNetPress 2014
  • The Healer, E.P. Dutton, 1971; eNetPress 2014
  • Drifter, E.P. Dutton, 1974; eNetPress 2014
  • The Secret of the Elms, Crowell, 1975; eNetPress 2014
  • We Who Are Not As Others, Pocket Books 1976; republished with photographs as Freaks: We Who Are Not As Others Re/Search Publications, 1990; eNetPress 2014
  • No Job for a Lady: The Autobiography of M. Phyllis Lose, VMD, by M. Phyllis Lose as told to Daniel P. Mannix, Macmillan, 1979; shortened version in Reader's Digest Condensed Books Vol. 33 #5, 1980
  • The Wolves of Paris (drawings by Janny Wurts), E.P. Dutton (hardcover) 1978; Avon (paperback), 1979, 1983; eNetPress 2014
  • The Old Navy: The Glorious Heritage of the U.S. Navy, Recounted through the Journals of an American Patriot by Rear Admiral Daniel P. Mannix, 3rd, as edited by Daniel P. Mannix 4th, Macmillan, 1983; eNetPress 2014
  • Hunter, by J. A. Hunter, Hamish Hamilton, 1952 (Mannix helped Hunter write this book by "arranging, cutting and supplementing Hunter’s notes" and putting it into final shape for publication)[115]
  • Happy Adventure, book by Jule Mannix (Mannix's wife), Simon & Schuster, USA, 1954; also as Married to Adventure, Great Britain, Hamish Hamilton, 1954; abridged as a paperback, Eagle in the Bathtub, Ballantine Books, 1959

List does not include translations into other languages.

Mannix also wrote numerous magazine articles/short stories. A partial list in a fiction magazine database includes nearly 40 of these,[116] some of which were written in collaboration with his wife. Many were published in Colliers and Saturday Evening Post. In addition, he published over 60 articles in True, The Man's Magazine.[29] Sometimes materials in the articles were used in subsequent works; e.g.: articles by The Great Zadma (pseudonym), Colliers,1944 to 1947,[11] (in the book, Step Right Up, 1951); Hunting Dragons with an Eagle, The Saturday Evening Post, 1941,[117] (in the book, Adventure Happy by his wife and also the subject of their film King of the Sky, 1953); and The Great Beast, True, 1956,[118] (in the book, The Beast: The Scandalous Life of Aleister Crowley, 1959).

Filmography

  • King of the Sky, 1953 (documentary short) (writer, actor, director, producer, bird trainer), cut from a two-reel film, Eagle vs. Dragon
  • Universal Color Parade: Parrot Jungle, 1958 (short) (writer, director, producer, photographer, bird trainer)
  • Killers of Kilimanjaro, 1959 (book African Bush Adventures)
  • The Fox and the Hound, 1981 (book)

References

  1. ^ a b The Old Navy by Rear Admiral Daniel P. Mannix, 3rd, as edited by Daniel P. Mannix 4th, Macmillan, 1983
  2. ^ a b Peterson, John S. (1984). "The Old Navy: Rear Admiral Daniel P Mannix III". Naval War College - Review. 37 (3): 113–115. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  3. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1934). The Back Yard Zoo. Published by Coward McCann. pp. 15–16.
  4. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1934). The Back-Yard Zoo, p. 33.
  5. ^ Mark Davis and Andy Wallace, "Daniel Pratt Mannix 4th, 85, Adventurer And Author [obituary]", The Philadelphia Inquirer, February 2, 1997.
  6. ^ "Jule Junker Married; Haverford Girl Bride of Daniel Pratt Mannix 4th in Bryn Mawr". The New York Times. 1939-12-17. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  7. ^ Williamson, Samuel T. (1954-03-21). "A Lot of Moving Around. "Adventure Happy". By Jule Mannix. Illustrated. 276-pp. New York: Simon & Schuster. $3.95". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  8. ^ a b Sabatini, Richard V. (1977-05-28). "Jule Junker Mannix, 62; writer, animal lover, wife of naturalist". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2024-01-16. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  9. ^ Nickels, Thom (2015-02-21). "From the Field, Chester County Writer: Daniel P. Mannix". Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  10. ^ Mannix, Jule (1954). Adventure Happy. Simon & Schuster. p. 160.
  11. ^ a b c d "Great Zadma, The; pseudonym of Daniel P. Mannix (1911-1997), The FictionMags Index Index by Name: Page 3807". The FictionMags Index. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
  12. ^ a b "Sword Swallower's Hall of Fame". To the Hilt, Sword Swallowing. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  13. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1951). Step Right Up!. Harper & Brothers. pp. 265 & 270.
  14. ^ The Great Zadma as told to Jule Junker Mannix (November 22, 1944). "How to Swallow a Sword". Collier's Weekly. pp. 14&49.
  15. ^ The Great Zadma as told to Jule Junker Mannix (March 1945). "How to Swallow a Sword". Reader's Digest. p. 66–68.
  16. ^ "Step Right Up!, by Dan Mannix (Harper)". The New Yorker. 31 March 1951. p. 91.
  17. ^ Hensley, Lewis (8 April 1951). "Writer Who Forsakes the Tip Chronicles Living in Carny. Step Right Up by Dan Mannix. New York: Harper & Brothers, 270 pages. $3". Abilene Reporter-News. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
  18. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1951). "Author's Note". Step Right Up!.
  19. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1967). A Sporting Chance: Unusual Methods of Hunting. Dutton.
  20. ^ a b Schumach, Murray (1958-11-02). "The Wildest Game". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  21. ^ a b Barkham, John (1954-10-24). "When Africa Was Dark; "Tales of the African Frontier". By J.A. Hunter and Daniel P. Mannix. Illustrated. 308 pp. New York: Harper & Bros. $4". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  22. ^ Adams, Les. "Universal Color Parade: Parrot Jungle". IMDb. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  23. ^ Adams, Les (2023-11-09). "King of the Sky". IMDb. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  24. ^ Mannix, Jule (1954). Adventure Happy, pp. 123, 158, 225 & 258.
  25. ^ "A Giant Manta Ray Gets Away but Photographer Gets Wonderful Picture". Life. 21 April 1941. p. 76.
  26. ^ "Kirkus Reviews: The Outcasts, by Daniel Mannix, release date: March 31, 1965". 1965. Archived from the original on 1 February 2024. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
  27. ^ Williamson, Samuel T. (1954-03-21). "A Lot of Moving Around. "Adventure Happy". By Jule Mannix. Illustrated. 276-pp. New York: Simon & Schuster. $3.95". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  28. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1963). "photographic plates". All Creatures Great and Small. McGraw-Hill.
  29. ^ a b Mannix, Daniel P. (1963). All Creatures Great and Small. p. vii.
  30. ^ Richardson, Michael (28 December 1968). "Weird World of Hunters: A Sporting Chance: Unusual Methods of Hunting, by Daniel Mannix (Longmans; $5,35)". The Age. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
  31. ^ a b c d Ramsey, Robert (January 18, 1968). "Tales Along the Trail with Robert Ramsey". Mountain Democrat. p. B-5. ISSN 0745-7677. OCLC 9434129.
  32. ^ a b c d Mannix, Daniel (September 1967). "Author's Note". The Fox and the Hound. E.P. Dutton. pp. 252–255.
  33. ^ "Famous Snake Expert Killed, Woman Bitten While Posing for Picture". San Bernardino County Sun. 1948-07-21. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  34. ^ a b c Mannix, Jule (1954). ""Grace Wiley, Reptiles" Death of a Remarkable Person". Adventure Happy. Simon & Schuster. pp. 227–244.
  35. ^ "Creeping Death". Time. August 2, 1948.
  36. ^ "Last picture of Grace Wiley". The Times, San Mateo. July 23, 1948. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  37. ^ "Exclusive! True Sees a Cobra Kill a Woman". True, The Man's Magazine. November 1948.
  38. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1963). "[chapter] twelve". All Creatures Great and Small.
  39. ^ "kirkus Reviews: The Outcasts,by Daniel Mannix, release date: March 31, 1965". 1966. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  40. ^ Levin, Martin (1974-06-23). "New & Novel: Drifter. By Daniel P. Mannix. 248 pp. New York: Reader's Digest Press. $6.95. (Distributed by E. P. Dutton.)". New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  41. ^ "Kirkus Reviews: The Secret of the Elms, by Daniel Mannix, release date: Oct. 1, 1975". 1975. Archived from the original on 21 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  42. ^ "Herblore, Woodlore in An Appealing Nature Novel. The Healer by Daniel P Mannix. (Dutton,214 pages, $5.95.)". Omaha World-Herald. 2 January 1972. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
  43. ^ Barnes, Irston R. (1966-04-10). "Road to Oblivion Runs Both Ways". The Washington Post. ProQuest 142853964. Retrieved 15 January 2024 – via ProQuest Historical Newspapers.
  44. ^ "Books and Literature October 1991". Slug Mag (Salt Lake Underground). 1991-10-01. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  45. ^ Pasi, Marco (1936). Aleister Crowley and the Temptation of Politics. Acumen. p. 165 note 18.
  46. ^ Kelly, Jason (2008). "review of The Hell-Fire Clubs: Sex, Satanism and Secret Societies". Reviews in History. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  47. ^ "Historical Fiction Set in the Ancient World recommended by Harry Sidebottom. Interview by Benedict King". 1966. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  48. ^ Cartmel, Andrew (2014). "Narrative Drive [review of] Black Cargoes by Daniel P. Mannix". Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  49. ^ a b c d Kirsch, Robert R. (25 November 1958). "The Book Report". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  50. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (2014). "Chapter 1". Those About to Die. eNet Press Inc. p. 30.
  51. ^ Sweat, Edward F. (July 1963). "Book Reviews: "Black Cargoes: A History of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1518-1865". By Daniel P. Mannix, in collaboration with Malcolm Cowley. (New York: The Viking Press, 1962. Pp. vii, 306. $6.95.)". The Journal of Negro History. 48 (3): 223–224. doi:10.2307/2716346. JSTOR 2716346. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  52. ^ Ramesh, Mallipeddi (2014). ""A Fixed Melancholy": Migration, Memory, and the Middle Passage. (New York: The Viking Press, 1962. Pp. vii, 306. $6.95.)" (PDF). The Eighteenth Century. 55 (2): 235–253. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  53. ^ a b c "The Animal Stories of Daniel P Mannix" (video). youtube.com. CloudCuckooCountry. 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  54. ^ "A Gamecock Cast into the Wild Fights a Good Fight with a Hen Coopers Hawk". Sports Illustrated. 25 November 1968. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  55. ^ Borland, Hal (November 23, 1969). "The life and death of a brook and pond: Troubled Waters. By Daniel P. Mannix. Illustrated by Patricia Collins. 247 pp. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. $6.95". The New York Times. Retrieved January 20, 2010.
  56. ^ "Kirkus Reviews: Kiboko by Daniel P. Mannix. Release Date: April 16, 1958". 1958. Archived from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  57. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1958). "Historical Note". Kiboko. Lippincott. pp. 447–448.
  58. ^ "Kirkus Reviews: Kiboko by Daniel P. Mannix. Release Date: April 16, 1958". 1958. Archived from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  59. ^ "Books in Review: This Novelist Couldn't Match 'Anthony Adverse' Kiboko—By Daniel Mannix Lippincott $4.95". Pittsburgh Post Gazette. 5 July 1958. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
  60. ^ "Reviews of Todays Books: Kiboko By Daniel P. Mannix. Philadelphia: J. P. Lippincott. 448 pp. $4.95". The Star-Journal. Warrensburg, Missouri. 6 May 1958. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
  61. ^ "Fine Reading May Be Found in Novel Devoted to Africa". Pensacola News Journal. 27 April 1958. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
  62. ^ Howard, Laurie (31 January 1980). "Out of the Stacks: No Job for a Lady". The Brattleboro Reformer. Brattleboro, Vermont. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  63. ^ "Ray Powell(–1981)". The International Wizard of Oz Club. Archived from the original on 2010-07-14.
  64. ^ Seltzer, Ruth (1970-07-21). "Oz Fans Enjoy a Reunion in Munchkin". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 14 January 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  65. ^ a b c Koelle, Barbara (1997). "[Memorial] Daniel Mannix". The Baum Bugle. 41: 7.
  66. ^ "The Father of the Wizard Oz". American Heritage. Vol. 16, no. 1. 18 January 1941. pp. 36–47, 108–109. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  67. ^ "[entry for] Daniel P. Mannix [listing of Oz related works]". The Internet Speculative Fiction Database (ISFDb). Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  68. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1990). "The Annotated Road to Oz Part 1". The Baum Bugle. 34 (2): 3–8.
  69. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1990). "The Annotated Road to Oz Part 2". The Baum Bugle. 34 (3): 10–13.
  70. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1968). ""Off to See the Wizard" - 1903 Part 1". The Baum Bugle. 12 (1): 5–10.
  71. ^ Mannix, Daniel P. (1969). ""Off to See the Wizard" - 1903 Part 2". The Baum Bugle. 13 (1): 5–9.
  72. ^ Swartz, Mark Evan (2000). Oz before the rainbow : L. Frank Baum's The wonderful Wizard of Oz on stage and screen to 1939. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  73. ^ Mannix 1968, p. 6.
  74. ^ Mannix 1969, p. 6.
  75. ^ "Dutton Animal Award Goes To Mannix Book Set for Fall" (PDF). The New York Times. 20 March 1967. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  76. ^ a b c d e "Important Prize for Dan Mannix". The Philadelphia Inquirer. 12 March 1973. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  77. ^ "Penn Jillette Reveals the Secrets of Fire-Eating". Smithsonian Magazine. December 2012. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  78. ^ Keiles, Jamie Lauren (2019-05-30). "A Sword Swallower's Tough Act". The New York Times Magazine (the new york issue). ProQuest 142853964. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  79. ^ "IMDb Killers of Kilimanjaro (1959): Full Cast & Crew". IMDb. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  80. ^ Archer, Eugene (1960-04-07). "Robert Taylor in 'Killers of Kilimanjaro'". New York Times. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  81. ^ Richards, Jeffrey (1973). Visions of Yesterday. Routledge. p. 149.
  82. ^ Gray, Tim (April 4, 2001). "Gladiator reaps Oscar spoils". Variety. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  83. ^ Solomon, Jon (April 1, 2004). "Gladiator from Screenplay to Screen". In Winkler, Martin M. (ed.). Gladiator: Film and History. Blackwell Publishing. p. 2.
  84. ^ Nichols, Mackenzie (4 May 2020). "'Gladiator' at 20: Russell Crowe and Ridley Scott Look Back on the Groundbreaking Historical Epic". Variety. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  85. ^ Ebert, Roger (5 May 2000). "Reviews: Gladiator". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on 15 February 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  86. ^ Whittock, Jesse (20 March 2023). "'Those About To Die': Iwan Rheon Among Nine Cast In Peacock & Roland Emmerich's Gladiator Drama As Shooting Begins". Deadline. Archived from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  87. ^ Goldberg, Lesley (1 January 2024). "What New TV Shows Are Coming in 2024?". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  88. ^ "A Little About Dan and Jule Mannix, (and Saul Bellow, and Hitch, and Bad Bob, and George Higgins: Post #3,999…)". stevenbodio.com. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  89. ^ "I Got a Scheme! A writer explains himself". The New Yorker. 17 April 2005. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  90. ^ Elson, William H.; Gray, William S. (1936). "Woman Without Fear". Elson-Gray Basic Readers Book Two, Curriculum Foundation Series (PDF). Scott, Foreman and Company. pp. 12–22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  91. ^ "A Running Brook of Horror". abcteach.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  92. ^ Christy/Life with Father/The Fox and the Hound/Nicholas and Alexandra/The Gabriel Hounds (Reader's Digest Condensed Books, Volume 4: 1967). Reader's Digest. January 1967. Retrieved May 19, 2010.
  93. ^ "Two Outstanding Animal Books From Dutton". The Booklist. 64: 247. 1967. ISSN 0006-7385.
  94. ^ Hill, William B. (October 1, 1967). "Mannix, Daniel P. – The Fox and the Hound". Best Sellers. 27: 251. ISSN 0005-9625.
  95. ^ "Mannix, Daniel. The Fox and the Hound". Catholic Library World. 39: 237. November 1968. ISSN 0008-820X.
  96. ^ Knight, Richard Alden (November 28, 1967). "Outdoors with Richard Alden Knight". The Progress. p. 11.
  97. ^ Alden Knight, Richard (November 26, 1967). "Required reading Suggested for Book on Animals". Reading Eagle. p. 62. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  98. ^ "Literary Guidepost: Salute to the Cowboy". Reading Eagle. September 10, 1967. p. 58.
  99. ^ a b OKAPINA (2023-11-09). "The Fox and the Hound vs. The Fox and the Hound". Disneyfied, or Disney tried?. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  100. ^ "Kirkus Reviews: The Wolves of Paris, by Daniel Mannix, release date: April 1, 1978". 1978. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  101. ^ "The ballad of the Belstone fox : a novel / by David Rook. – Version details – Trove".
  102. ^ "The Belstone Fox". BFI. Archived from the original on 2012-08-02.
  103. ^ The Belstone Fox 40th Anniversary DVD (Liner notes). London, England, UK: VCI Video. 2013.
  104. ^ Berman, Ted; Rich, Richard; Stevens, Art (directors) (10 July 1981). The Fox and the Hound (Motion picture). Burbank, California: Walt Disney Animation Studios.
  105. ^ Mannix, Daniel (September 1967). The Fox and the Hound. E.P. Dutton.
  106. ^ Rook, David (1974). "19". The Belstone Fox. Corgi Books. pp. 204–105.
  107. ^ Rook, David (1974). "19". Free Spirit. Berkley Medallion. pp. 216–217.
  108. ^ a b "Daniel Mannix, 85, Adventure Writer", New York Times, February 8, 1997
  109. ^ Chester County Deed Book N24-585-153
  110. ^ "[reviews and awards for] Secret Storms A Mother and Daughter, Lost then Found" (PDF). independentauthornetwork.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  111. ^ "Obituary Daniel P. Mannix, V, Esq". maugergivnish.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  112. ^ Peter Ryhiner as told to Daniel P. Mannix (24 May 1958). "My Beauty and My Beasts (first of three articles)". The Saturday Evening Post. pp. 22–23, 74–77.
  113. ^ Peter Ryhiner as told to Daniel P. Mannix (31 May 1958). "My Beauty and My Beasts, Part 2, We Hunt the Killers". The Saturday Evening Post. pp. 20–21, 52–55.
  114. ^ Peter Ryhiner as told to Daniel P. Mannix (7 June 1958). "My Beauty and My Beasts, Conclusion, The Trouble with Elephants". The Saturday Evening Post. pp. 42, 146–150.
  115. ^ Hunter, J.A. (1952). Hunter. Hamish Hamilton. p. IX.
  116. ^ "Mannix, Daniel P(ratt, IV) (1911-1997); used pseudonym The Great Zadma, entry in The FictionMags Index, Index by Name: Page 6234". The FictionMags Index. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  117. ^ "Hunting Dragons with an Eagle". The Saturday Evening Post. 18 January 1941. pp. 20–21, 38–41. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  118. ^ "The Great Beast". True, The Man's Magazine. October 1956. pp. 29–31, 110–120.

External links