Diploschistes
| Diploschistes | |
|---|---|
| |
| Diploschistes scruposus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Graphidales |
| Family: | Graphidaceae |
| Genus: | Diploschistes Norman (1853) |
| Type species | |
| Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norman (1853)
| |
| Species | |
|
~43 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Diploschistes (crater lichen) is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae.[2] Members of the genus are crustose lichens with a thick, cracked (areolate) body (thallus) with worldwide distribution.[3]: 264 [4][5] The fruiting part (apothecia) are immersed in the thick thallus so as to have the appearance of being small "craters".[3]: 264 The widespread genus contains about 43 species.[6]
Taxonomy
Johannes Musæus Norman originally circumscribed the genus in 1853.[7] It is in the family Graphidaceae. In 2018,[8] Kraichak and colleagues, using a "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks, proposed placing Diploschistes as the type genus of Diploschistaceae, a family originally proposed by Zalbruckner in 1905.[9] This taxonomic proposal was rejected by Robert Lücking in a critical 2019 review of the temporal method for the classification of lichen-forming fungi, using this specific example to highlight several drawbacks of this approach.[10]
Selected species
- Diploschistes actinostomus (Ach.) Zahlbr. (1892)
- Diploschistes aeneus (Müll.Arg.) Lumbsch (1989)
- Diploschistes albopruinosus Pérez-Vargas, Hern.-Padr. & Elix (2011)
- Diploschistes almbornii C.W.Dodge (1964)
- Diploschistes caesioplumbeus (Nyl.) Vain. (1921)
- Diploschistes candidissimus (Kremp.) Zahlbr. (1924)
- Diploschistes cinereocaesius (Sw.) Vain. (1921)
- Diploschistes conceptionis Vain. (1899)
- Diploschistes diacapsis (Ach.) Lumbsch (1988)
- Diploschistes diploschistoides (Vain.) G.Salisb. (1972)
- Diploschistes elixii Lumbsch & Mangold (2007)
- Diploschistes euganeus (A.Massal.) J.Steiner (1919)
- Diploschistes farinosus (Anzi) Vězda (1974)
- Diploschistes gypsaceus (Ach.) Zahlbr. (1892)
- Diploschistes gyrophoricus Lumbsch & Elix (1989)
- Diploschistes hensseniae Lumbsch & Elix (1985)
- Diploschistes microsporus Lumbsch & Elix (2003)
- Diploschistes muscorum (Scop.) R.Sant. (1980)
- Diploschistes neutrophilus (Clauzade & Cl.Roux) Fern.-Brime & Llimona (2013)
- Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norman (1852)
- Diploschistes sticticus (Körb.) Müll.Arg. (1894)
- Diploschistes thunbergianus (Ach.) Lumbsch & Vězda (1993)
- Diploschistes tianshanensis A.Abbas, S.Y.Guo & Ababaikeli (2016)
- Diploschistes wui A.Abbas, S.Y.Guo & Ababaikeli (2018)
- Diploschistes xinjiangensis A.Abbas & S.Y.Guo (2015)
References
- ^ "Diploschistes Norman 1853". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
- ^ "Diploschistes". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
- ^ a b Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2
- ^ USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search
- ^ Crater Lichen (Diploschistes), Encyclopedia of Life
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ Norman JM. (1852). "Conatus praemissus redactionis novae generum nonnullorum Lichenum in organis fructificationes vel sporis fundatae". Nytt Magazin for Naturvidenskapene [New Magazine for the Natural Sciences] (in Latin). 7: 213–52.
- ^ Kraichak, Ekaphan; Huang, Jen-Pan; Nelsen, Matthew; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2018). "A revised classification of orders and families in the two major subclasses of Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) based on a temporal approach". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 188 (3): 233–249. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boy060.
- ^ Engler, H.G.A.; Prantl, K.A.E. (1905). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten. 1 (in German). pp. 97–144 [121].
- ^ Lücking, Robert (2019). "Stop the abuse of time! Strict temporal banding is not the future of rank-based classifications in Fungi (including lichens) and other organisms". Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 38 (3): 199–253. doi:10.1080/07352689.2019.1650517. S2CID 202859785.
