Jatki language
Jatki, Jadgali, and other related terms have sometimes been used to refer to one or another of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken in Balochistan and neighbouring parts of Sindh and Punjab.
- Jatki was used in 19th-century British sources for what would later be called Saraiki, as well as for Khetrani.[1] Jaṭkī is also attested in local use in Balochistan as a name for these two languages as well as for Sindhi.[2] Jataki was used by 19th-century British writer Richard Francis Burton for a variety of the Saraiki language.[3]
- Jakati is a possibly spurious name used in the Ethnologue encyclopedia for either a Romani (Gypsies) variety of Ukraine, or for the Inku language of Afghanistan.[4]
- Jaḍgālī (IPA: [dʒaɖɡaːliː]) is the common name for the Jadgali language spoken in Iranian Balochistan and western parts of Pakistani Balochistan.[5] Related to the above are Jagdālī (جگدالی),[6] and Jaghdali,[7] in use among the Balochi speakers of Dera Ghazi Khan District of southwestern Punjab for the Saraiki variety spoken there. The Arabic terms az-Zighālī and az-Zijālī refer to speakers of the Jadgali language in the diaspora in Oman and the United Arab Emirates.[8]
- Jatki is a dialect of Punjabi spoken in the Pakistani districts of Jhang.* [9] It is an intermediate language between Punjabi and Saraiki. It is a combination of the Shahpuri dialect, Jhangvi dialect and the Dhani dialect. the glottolog codes for these dialects are:
References
- ^ Wagha 1990, p. 6
- ^ Elfenbein 1990, p. 74.
- ^ Wagha 1990, p. 7.
- ^ Hammarström, Forkel & Haspelmath 2020has an entry Jakati [jat] which is said be to spoken by 29,300 people in Ukraine. The alternative names, which include 'Jat', the classification of the language as Indo-Aryan, and a note indicating 'nomadic' suggests that the denotation is an itinerant population with roots on the Indian subcontinent, i.e., 'Gypsy' in loose terminology. 29,300 is a plausible number of Gypsies, or Roma, in Ukraine related to the Roma in countries to the west, but these Roma speak and identify as a variety of Vlax [rmy] ( Aleksej P. Barannikov 1934: 24-44 , Marushiakova, Elena and Vesselin Popov 2014 ).
- ^ Delforooz 2008.
- ^ Abdul Haq 1967, p. 128; (in the latter it is anglicised as Jagdalli.)
- ^ Wagha 1990, p. 6.
- ^ Delforooz 2008, p. 25.
- ^ 2017 Census district wise District wise population report of Punjab and other provinces according to census 2017
- ^ "Glottolog 4.7 - Shahpuri". Glottolog.org. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
- ^ "Glottolog 4.7 - Jatki". Glottolog.org. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
- ^ "Glottolog 4.7 - Jhangi". Glottolog.org. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
- ^ "Glottolog 4.7 - Dhanni". Glottolog.org. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
Bibliography
- Abdul Haq, Mehr (1967). Multānī zabān aur us kā Urdū se taʻalluq (in Urdu). Bahāvalpūr: Urdū Akādamī.
- Delforooz, Behrooz Barjasteh (2008). "A sociolinguistic survey among the Jagdal in Iranian Balochistan". In Jahani, Carina; Korn, Agnes; Titus, Paul Brian (eds.). The Baloch and others: linguistic, historical and socio-political perspectives on pluralism in Balochistan. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag. pp. 23–44. ISBN 978-3-89500-591-6.
- Elfenbein, Josef H. (1990). An Anthology of classical and modern Balochi literature. Vol. II: Glossary. Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz. ISBN 3447030305.
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (2020). "Inku". Glottolog 4.2.1. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Masica, Colin P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan languages. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-23420-7.
- Wagha, Muhammad Ahsan (1990). The Siraiki language : its growth and development. Islamabad: Derawar Publications.