List of highest grossing concert tours
Concert tours generate most of their income from ticket sales. Billboard and Pollstar are two major publications that regularly provide the official gross revenue figures for concerts worldwide. Billboard launched the boxscore ranking in 1975 through its spin-off magazine Amusement Business, and has additionally been featured in the Billboard magazine itself since the issue date of October 3, 1981.[1] Pollstar began reporting box office data on November 29, 1981.[2] However, Pollstar's data for tours before 2000 is minimal.[3]
Michael Jackson's Bad tour and Pink Floyd's A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour, both running from 1987 to 1989, were the first tours to have reportedly surpassed $100 million in revenue. As record sales collapsed in the early 21st century, musicians began relying on live music shows for their income, and the touring industry has since skyrocketed.[4] In 2023, Taylor Swift's The Eras Tour became the first tour in history to surpass $1 billion in revenue and set a new record for the highest-grossing tour of all time.[A] She earned $1.039 billion from 60 shows in one calendar year, surpassing the previous record-holder Elton John, whose Farewell Yellow Brick Road earned a revenue of $939.1 million from 330 shows across five different calendar years from 2018 to 2023.
While the touring industry is largely dominated by bands and male soloists of rock music,[7] some of the highest-grossing tours came from pop stars such as Swift, Ed Sheeran, Harry Styles, Beyoncé and Madonna, as well as country singer Garth Brooks. The Rolling Stones had broken the all-time tour milestone three times (1990, 1995, and 2006), with their Voodoo Lounge Tour remaining the longest record holder for eleven years (1995–2006). They also became the only act to have the highest-grossing tour of the decade twice (the 1990s and the 2000s). U2 achieved the highest-grossing tour of the year at least eight times, more than any other act in history.
Highest-grossing tours
† | Indicates the tour ongoing |
* | Indicates the tour dates split in two different calendar decades |
-
Ed Sheeran at the ÷ Tour
-
U2 at the U2 360° Tour
Rank | Peak | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollars) |
Artist | Tour title | Year(s) | Shows | Average gross |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | $1,039,263,762 | $1,039,263,762 | Taylor Swift | The Eras Tour † | 2023 | 60 | $17,321,063 | [A] |
2 | 1 | $939,100,000 | $939,100,000 | Elton John | Farewell Yellow Brick Road | 2018–2023 | 330 | $2,845,758 | [8] |
3 | 1 | $776,200,000 | $888,442,379 | Ed Sheeran | ÷ Tour | 2017–2019 | 255 | $3,043,922 | [9] |
4 | 1 | $736,421,586 | $958,001,690 | U2 | U2 360° Tour | 2009–2011 | 110 | $6,694,742 | [10] |
5 | 4 | $735,300,000 | $735,300,000 | Coldplay | Music of the Spheres World Tour † | 2022–2023 | 122 | $6,027,049 | [11] |
6 | 4 | $617,300,000 | $617,800,000 | Harry Styles | Love On Tour | 2021–2023 | 169 | $3,652,663 | [12] |
7 | 3 | $584,200,000 | $668,678,225 | Guns N' Roses | Not in This Lifetime... Tour | 2016–2019 | 158 | $3,697,468 | [13] |
8 | 7 | $579,800,000 | $579,800,000 | Beyoncé | Renaissance World Tour | 2023 | 56 | $10,353,571 | [14] |
9 | 1 | $558,255,524 | $787,883,017 | The Rolling Stones | A Bigger Bang Tour | 2005–2007 | 144 | $3,876,774 | [15] |
10 | 5 | $546,500,000 | $590,190,470 | The Rolling Stones | No Filter Tour | 2017–2021 | 58 | $9,422,414 | [16] |
11 | 3 | $523,033,675 | $624,430,917 | Coldplay | A Head Full of Dreams Tour | 2016–2017 | 114 | $4,588,015 | [17] |
12 | 3 | $459,000,000 | $576,635,143 | Roger Waters | The Wall Live | 2010–2013 | 219 | $2,094,401 | [18] |
13 | 3 | $441,900,000 | $593,021,303 | AC/DC | Black Ice World Tour | 2008–2010 | 165 | $2,678,182 | [19] |
14 | 8 | $430,000,000 | $492,180,138 | Metallica | WorldWired Tour | 2016–2019 | 143 | $3,006,993 | [20] |
15 | 13 | $417,661,372 | $417,661,372 | Ed Sheeran | +–=÷× Tour † | 2022–2023 | 77 | $5,424,174 | [21] |
16 | 2 | $411,000,000 | $560,622,615 | Madonna | Sticky & Sweet Tour | 2008–2009 | 85 | $4,835,294 | [3] |
17 | 10 | $397,300,000 | $454,751,555 | Pink | Beautiful Trauma World Tour | 2018–2019 | 156 | $2,546,795 | [22] |
18 | 12 | $390,778,581 | $466,536,362 | U2 | The Joshua Tree Tours 2017 and 2019 | 2017, 2019 | 66 | $5,920,888 | [23] |
19 | 1 | $389,000,000 | $564,685,705 | U2 | Vertigo Tour | 2005–2006 | 131 | $2,969,466 | [24] |
20 | 20 | $379,496,085 | $379,496,085 | Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band | 2023 Tour † | 2023 | 66 | $5,749,941 | [5] |
Timeline of the highest-grossing tour
Established | Artist | Tour title | Record-setting gross | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1984 | The Jacksons | Victory Tour | $75,000,000 | [25] |
1985 | Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band | Born in the U.S.A. Tour | $90,000,000 | [26] |
1989 | Michael Jackson | Bad | $125,000,000 | [27] |
Pink Floyd | A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour | $135,000,000 | [28] | |
1990 | The Rolling Stones | Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour | $175,000,000 | [29] |
1994 | Pink Floyd | The Division Bell Tour | $250,000,000 | [30] |
1995 | The Rolling Stones | Voodoo Lounge Tour | $320,000,000 | [31] |
2006 | U2 | Vertigo Tour | $333,000,000 | [32] |
The Rolling Stones | A Bigger Bang Tour | $437,000,000 | [33] | |
2007 | $558,255,524 | [15] | ||
2011 | U2 | U2 360° Tour | $736,421,586 | [10] |
2019 | Ed Sheeran | ÷ Tour | $776,200,000 | [9] |
2023 | Elton John | Farewell Yellow Brick Road | $939,100,000 | [8] |
Taylor Swift | The Eras Tour | $1,039,263,762 | [A] |
Highest-grossing tours by decade
1980s
-
Michael Jackson at the Bad world tour
-
David Bowie at the Glass Spider Tour
Rank | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollar) |
Artist | Tour title | Year(s) | Shows | Average gross |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | $135,000,000 | $318,708,725 | Pink Floyd | A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour | 1987–1989 | 197 | $685,279 | [28] |
2 | $125,000,000 | $295,100,671 | Michael Jackson | Bad | 1987–1989 | 123 | $1,016,260 | [27] |
3 | $98,000,000 | $231,358,926 | The Rolling Stones | Steel Wheels Tour | 1989 * | 60 | $1,633,333 | [34] |
4 | $90,000,000 | $244,882,426 | Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band | Born in the U.S.A. Tour | 1984–1985 | 156 | $576,923 | [26] |
5 | $86,000,000 | $221,524,312 | David Bowie | Glass Spider Tour | 1987 | 86 | $1,000,000 | [35] |
6 | $75,000,000 | $211,258,808 | The Jacksons | Victory Tour | 1984 | 55 | $1,363,636 | [25] |
7 | $60,000,000 | $154,551,845 | Genesis | Invisible Touch Tour | 1986–1987 | 111 | $540,541 | [36] |
8 | $60,000,000 | $148,463,703 | Tina Turner | Break Every Rule World Tour | 1987–1988 | 220 | $272,727 | [37] |
9 | $56,000,000 | $144,248,389 | U2 | The Joshua Tree Tour | 1987 | 109 | $513,761 | [38] |
10 | $50,000,000 | $160,944,363 | The Rolling Stones | The Rolling Stones American Tour 1981 | 1981 | 50 | $1,000,000 | [39] |
1990s
-
U2 at the PopMart Tour
Rank | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollar) |
Artist | Tour title | Year(s) | Shows | Average gross |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | $320,000,000 | $614,562,131 | The Rolling Stones | Voodoo Lounge Tour | 1994–1995 | 129 | $2,480,620 | [31] |
2 | $274,000,000 | $491,946,917 | The Rolling Stones | Bridges to Babylon Tour | 1997–1998 | 108 | $2,537,037 | [40] |
3 | $250,000,000 | $493,601,257 | Pink Floyd | The Division Bell Tour | 1994 | 120 | $2,083,333 | [30] |
4 | $173,610,864 | $312,961,811 | U2 | PopMart Tour | 1997–1998 | 93 | $1,866,783 | [41] |
5 | $165,000,000 | $300,789,801 | Michael Jackson | HIStory World Tour | 1996–1997 | 83 | $1,987,952 | [42] |
6 | $152,900,000 | $285,296,541 | Eagles | Hell Freezes Over Tour | 1994–1996 | 122 | $1,274,107 | [B] |
7 | $151,000,000 | $305,895,877 | U2 | Zoo TV Tour | 1992–1993 | 157 | $961,783 | [45] |
8 | $133,000,000 | $233,640,032 | Celine Dion | Let's Talk About Love World Tour | 1998–1999 | 97 | $1,371,134 | [46] |
9 | $130,000,000 | $236,985,904 | Tina Turner | Wildest Dreams Tour | 1996–1997 | 255 | $509,804 | [47] |
10 | $105,000,000 | $188,519,804 | Garth Brooks | The Garth Brooks World Tour | 1996–1998 | 220 | $477,273 | [48] |
2000s
-
Madonna at the Sticky & Sweet Tour
-
U2 at the Vertigo Tour
Rank | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollar) |
Artist | Tour title | Year(s) | Shows | Average gross |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | $558,255,524 | $787,883,017 | The Rolling Stones | A Bigger Bang Tour | 2005–2007 | 144 | $3,876,774 | [15] |
2 | $411,000,000 | $560,622,615 | Madonna | Sticky & Sweet Tour | 2008–2009 | 85 | $4,835,294 | [3] |
3 | $389,000,000 | $564,685,705 | U2 | Vertigo Tour | 2005–2006 | 131 | $2,969,466 | [24] |
4 | $358,825,665 | $487,714,513 | The Police | The Police Reunion Tour | 2007–2008 | 146 | $2,457,710 | [49] |
5 | $311,637,730 | $425,087,979 | U2 | U2 360° Tour | 2009 * | 44 | $7,082,676 | [C] |
6 | $311,000,000 | $494,742,041 | The Rolling Stones | Licks Tour | 2002–2003 | 117 | $2,658,120 | [40] |
7 | $279,200,000 | $379,204,591 | Celine Dion | Taking Chances World Tour | 2008–2009 | 129 | $2,164,341 | [D] |
8 | $264,100,000 | $360,244,362 | AC/DC | Black Ice World Tour | 2008–2009 * | 127 | $2,079,528 | [E] |
9 | $250,000,000 | $374,595,331 | Cher | Living Proof: The Farewell Tour | 2002–2005 | 325 | $769,231 | [F] |
10 | $235,000,000 | $319,411,128 | Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band | Magic Tour | 2007–2008 | 104 | $2,259,615 | [58] |
2010s
Rank | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollar) |
Artist | Tour title | Year(s) | Shows | Average gross |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | $776,200,000 | $888,442,379 | Ed Sheeran | ÷ Tour | 2017–2019 | 255 | $3,043,922 | [9] |
2 | $584,200,000 | $668,678,225 | Guns N' Roses | Not in This Lifetime... Tour | 2016–2019 | 158 | $3,697,468 | [13] |
3 | $523,033,675 | $624,430,917 | Coldplay | A Head Full of Dreams Tour | 2016–2017 | 114 | $4,588,015 | [17] |
4 | $459,000,000 | $576,635,143 | Roger Waters | The Wall | 2010–2013 | 219 | $2,094,401 | [18] |
5 | $424,783,856 | $552,596,040 | U2 | U2 360° Tour | 2010–2011 * | 66 | $6,436,119 | [C] |
6 | $430,000,000 | $492,180,138 | Metallica | WorldWired Tour | 2016–2019 | 143 | $3,006,993 | [20] |
7 | $415,600,000 | $475,697,826 | The Rolling Stones | No Filter Tour | 2017–2019 * | 44 | $9,445,455 | [59] |
8 | $397,300,000 | $454,751,555 | Pink | Beautiful Trauma World Tour | 2018–2019 | 156 | $2,546,795 | [22] |
9 | $390,778,581 | $466,536,362 | U2 | The Joshua Tree Tours 2017 and 2019 | 2017, 2019 | 66 | $5,920,888 | [23] |
10 | $367,700,000 | $428,512,298 | Bruno Mars | 24K Magic World Tour | 2017–2018 | 196 | $1,876,020 | [G] |
2020s
-
Harry Styles at the Love On Tour
-
Beyoncé at the Renaissance World Tour
Rank | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollar) |
Artist | Tour title | Year(s) | Shows | Average gross |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | $1,039,263,762 | $1,039,263,762 | Taylor Swift | The Eras Tour † | 2023 | 60 | $17,321,063 | [A] |
2 | $735,300,000 | $735,300,000 | Coldplay | Music of the Spheres World Tour † | 2022–2023 | 122 | $6,027,049 | [11] |
3 | $617,300,000 | $617,300,000 | Harry Styles | Love On Tour | 2021–2023 | 169 | $3,652,663 | [12] |
4 | $579,800,000 | $579,800,000 | Beyoncé | Renaissance World Tour | 2023 | 56 | $10,353,571 | [14] |
5 | $471,400,000 | $471,400,000 | Elton John | Farewell Yellow Brick Road | 2020–2022 * | 136 | $3,466,176 | [H] |
6 | $417,661,372 | $417,661,372 | Ed Sheeran | +–=÷× Tour † | 2022–2023 | 77 | $5,424,174 | [21] |
7 | $379,496,085 | $379,496,085 | Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band | 2023 Tour † | 2023 | 66 | $5,749,941 | [5] |
8 | $350,985,529 | $350,985,529 | The Weeknd | After Hours til Dawn Tour | 2022–2023 | 61 | $5,753,861 | [11] |
9 | $314,100,000 | $314,100,000 | Bad Bunny | World's Hottest Tour | 2022 | 43 | $7,304,651 | [65] |
10 | $257,600,000 | $257,600,000 | Pink | Summer Carnival † | 2023 | 41 | $6,282,927 | [66] |
Highest-grossing tours by year
This list represents the top-grossing tour of each year according to either Pollstar or Billboard Boxscore (formerly Amusement Business). The two publications may differ on their annual figures due to different total of dates reported or different year-end tracking period. For example, Pollstar listed Madonna's Sticky & Sweet Tour as the top tour of 2008 with $281.6 million, but Billboard ranked it third on their year-end chart whose tracking period ended on November 11, 2008, thus excluding 20 shows by Madonna.[67][68] In 2019, Billboard listed Ed Sheeran's ÷ Tour as the top tour of the year ($223.7 million), instead of Pink's Beautiful Trauma World Tour ($215.2 million) as reported by Pollstar. However, the Billboard's figure included Sheeran's gross from November 2018 shows, therefore the Pollstar's figure is closer to accurate for the 2019 calendar year.[69][70]
-
U2 at the Joshua Tree Tour 2017, their eighth annual highest-grossing tour
-
The Rolling Stones at the No Filter Tour, their seventh annual highest-grossing tour
-
Madonna at the MDNA Tour, her third annual highest-grossing tour
Year | Actual gross | Adjusted gross (in 2022 dollar) |
Artist | Tour title | Shows | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1987 | $35,000,000 | $90,155,243 | U2 | The Joshua Tree Tour | 79 | [71] |
1989 | $98,000,000 | $231,358,926 | The Rolling Stones | Steel Wheels Tour | 60 | [34] |
1990 | $74,100,000 | $165,979,470 | New Kids on the Block | The Magic Summer Tour | 152 | [72] |
1991 | $34,700,000 | $74,554,557 | Grateful Dead | Grateful Dead Summer Tour | 76 | [73] |
1992 | $67,000,000 | $139,719,706 | U2 | Zoo TV Tour | 73 | [74] |
1993 | $45,600,000 | $92,376,503 | Grateful Dead | Grateful Dead Tour 1993 | 81 | [75] |
1994 | $121,200,000 | $239,297,890 | The Rolling Stones | Voodoo Lounge Tour | 60 | [76] |
1995 | $63,300,000 | $121,568,072 | Eagles | Hell Freezes Over Tour | 58 | [43] |
1996 | $43,600,000 | $81,353,363 | Kiss | Alive/Worldwide Tour | 92 | [77] |
1997 | $138,500,000 | $252,481,136 | U2 | PopMart Tour | 78 | [78] |
1998 | $193,350,000 | $347,145,753 | The Rolling Stones | Bridges to Babylon Tour | 82 | [79] |
1999 | $89,200,000 | $156,696,924 | No Security Tour | 45 | [80] | |
2000 | $122,500,000 | $208,167,150 | Tina Turner | Twenty Four Seven Tour | 108 | [81] |
2001 | $143,000,000 | $236,335,651 | U2 | Elevation Tour | 113 | [82] |
2002 | $126,100,000 | $205,166,216 | Paul McCartney | Driving World Tour | 58 | [83] |
2003 | $299,520,230 | $476,479,903 | The Rolling Stones | Licks Tour | 115 | [84] |
2004 | $125,000,000 | $193,666,314 | Madonna | Re-Invention World Tour | 56 | [85] |
2005 | $260,000,000 | $389,579,145 | U2 | Vertigo Tour | 90 | [86] |
2006 | $425,100,000 | $617,089,700 | The Rolling Stones | A Bigger Bang Tour | 110 | [87] |
2007 | $212,227,302 | $299,522,852 | The Police | The Police Reunion Tour | 66 | [88] |
2008 | $281,600,000 | $382,749,675 | Madonna | Sticky & Sweet Tour | 58 | [53] |
2009 | $311,637,730 | $425,087,979 | U2 | U2 360° Tour | 44 | [50] |
2010 | $201,100,000 | $269,872,333 | Bon Jovi | The Circle Tour | 80 | [89] |
2011 | $293,281,487 | $381,526,242 | U2 | U2 360° Tour | 44 | [52] |
2012 | $305,158,363 | $388,978,496 | Madonna | The MDNA Tour | 88 | [40] |
2013 | $259,500,000 | $326,006,143 | Bon Jovi | Because We Can | 102 | [90] |
2014 | $290,000,000 | $358,484,678 | One Direction | Where We Are Tour | 69 | [91] |
2015 | $250,733,097 | $309,553,117 | Taylor Swift | The 1989 World Tour | 85 | [92] |
2016 | $268,300,000 | $327,153,383 | Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band | The River Tour | 76 | [93] |
2017 | $316,990,940 | $378,443,976 | U2 | The Joshua Tree Tour 2017 | 50 | [94] |
2018 | $432,400,000 | $503,912,748 | Ed Sheeran | ÷ Tour | 94 | [61] |
2019 | $215,200,000 | $246,318,990 | Pink | Beautiful Trauma World Tour | 68 | [70] |
2020 | $87,100,000 | $87,100,000 | Elton John | Farewell Yellow Brick Road | 38 | [62] |
2021 | $115,500,000 | $124,733,759 | The Rolling Stones | No Filter Tour | 12 | [95] |
2022 | $342,192,313 | $342,192,313 | Coldplay | Music of the Spheres World Tour | 64 | [96] |
2023 | $1,039,263,762 | $1,039,263,762 | Taylor Swift | The Eras Tour | 60 | [A] |
See also
- List of highest-grossing concert tours by women
- List of highest-grossing concert tours by Latin artists
- List of most-attended concert tours
- List of most-attended concerts
- List of highest-grossing concert residencies
- List of highest-grossing live music artists
Notes
- ^ a b c d e The figure is an estimation "based on Pollstar box office reports combined with extensive research including ticket prices in each market, record capacities at each venue and comparable tour data". Swift has yet to report her numbers formally.[5][6]
- ^ Eagles' Hell Freezes Over Tour grossed $79.4 million in 1994, $63.3 million in 1995, and $10.2 million in 1996.[43][44]
- ^ a b U2's 360° Tour grossed $311,637,730 in the 2000s decade (2009)[50] and $424,783,856 in the 2010s (2010 and 2011).[51][52]
- ^ Celine Dion's Taking Chances World Tour grossed $236.6 million in 2008 and $42.6 million in 2009.[53][54]
- ^ Within the 2000s decade, AC/DC's Black Ice World Tour grossed $37.5 million in 2008 and $226.6 million in 2009.[55][54]
- ^ Cher's Living Proof: The Farewell Tour grossed $194,683,927 from 280 reported shows according to Billboard, bringing an average gross of $695,000 per show.[56] Total gross for the tour's 325 dates is estimated between $200 million and $250 million.[57]
- ^ Bruno Mars' 24K Magic World Tour grossed $200.1 million in 2017 and 167.6 million in 2018.[60][61]
- ^ Within the 2020s decade, Elton John's Farewell Yellow Brick Road grossed $87.1 million in 2020,[62] $274 million in 2022,[63] and $110.3 million in 2023.[64]
References
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- ^ Waddell, Ray D.; Barnet, Rich; Berry, Jake (2007). This Business of Concert Promotion and Touring. Billboard Books. p. 56. Retrieved August 25, 2023 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c Allen, Bob (March 27, 2020). "Ladies Might: Box Office Triumph By Top Female Earners". Pollstar. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
- ^ Bloomberg (September 12, 2019). "Why concert tickets cost four times as much as 20 years ago, and why we're happy to pay for them". South China Morning Post. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
- ^ a b c Gensler, Andy (December 8, 2023). "Taylor Swift Sets All-Time Touring Record With $1 Billion Gross". Pollstar. Archived from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023.
- ^ Atwal, Sanj (December 12, 2023). "Taylor Swift's Eras Tour breaks record as highest-grossing music tour ever". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ Shah, Neil (October 3, 2018). "Hip-Hop Is Huge, but on the Concert Circuit, Rock Is King". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
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- ^ a b c Frankenberg, Eric (August 27, 2019). "Ed Sheeran's Record-Breaking Divide Tour Posts Final Numbers: 255 Shows, $776.2 Million Grossed". Billboard. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
- ^ a b Waddell, Ray (December 8, 2011). "The Year In Touring". Billboard. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
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- "RBD Conquers Billboard's November Boxscore Report". Billboard. 11 December 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
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- ^ a b Allen, Bob (October 4, 2013). "Roger Waters Passes Madonna for Solo Boxscore Record with $459M Wall Live Tour". Billboard. Retrieved October 5, 2013.
- ^ Rendon, Francisco (July 31, 2019). "Ed Sheeran Concludes 'Divide' Tour, Sets All-Time Touring Record At $775.6m". Pollstar. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
- ^ a b Murray, Brett (September 17, 2019). "Tour & Destroy: The Case For Metallica As The World's Biggest Touring Act". Pollstar. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
- ^ a b Frankenberg, Eric (July 14, 2023). "Taylor, Beyoncé & Beyond: Who Could Challenge Elton John's Boxscore Record?". Billboard. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
- ^ a b Frankenberg, Eric (August 20, 2019). "P!nk Enters the Record Books With Final Figures For The Beautiful Trauma World Tour". Billboard. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
- ^ a b Frankenberg, Eric (January 17, 2020). "U2 Earn $73 Million From Just 15 'Joshua Tree' Anniversary Shows in 2019". Billboard. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
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- ^ a b Gilmore, Mikal (2008). Stories Done: Writings on the 1960s and Its Discontents. Simon & Schuster. p. 330. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
- ^ MusicWeek Staff (August 24, 2021). "Remembering legendary Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts". Music Week. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
- ^ a b "The Illustrated History of the Band's Last Days and Bittersweet Reunions". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 15, 2011. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
- ^ a b "Update: Stones Roll By U2 For Top Grossing Tour Ever". Billboard. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
- ^ Billboard Staff (July 21, 2006). "U2 Roars Back With Help From Pearl Jam, Kanye". Billboard. Retrieved September 8, 2021.
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