List of Arakanese monarchs
The following is a list of monarchs of Arakan , starting from the Lemro period. For monarchs from earlier periods, see List of early and legendary monarchs of Burma .
Lemro Period (818–1406)
Unless otherwise noted, the regnal dates in this section are abbreviated to the first Western calendar year only although the Burmese calendar straddles the Western calendar. For example, the start of King Khittathin's reign, 380 ME (26 March 1018 to 25 March 1019 CE), is shown here only as 1018 (instead of 1018/19). While Arakanese Chronicles shows the dates of reign of Khittathin are from 818 (26 March 180 to 25 March 828 CE).
Monarch
Reign
Relationship
Notes
Khittathin
818–828
founder
grandnephew of Chula Taing Sanda/son of Sandaku
Sandathin
828–843
brother
Min Yin Phyu
843–873
son
Naga Thuriya
873–904
son
Thuriya Raza
904–936
son
Ponnaka
936–969
son
Min Gyiphyu
969–984
son
Sithabin
984–986
usurper
Min Nangyi
986–1014
son of Min Phyugyi
Min Lade
1014–1034
son
Min Kala
1043–1062
son
Min Bilu
1062–1068
son
Thinkhaya
1068–1076
Chief of the Thet People
usurper
Min Than
1076–1090
son
Min Pati
1190–1103
son
Monarch
Reign
Relationship
Notes
Letya Min Nan
1103–1109
grandson of Min Bilu/son of Min Re-baya
Pagan nominee; 1118 ascension per Pagan dates
Thihaba
1109–1110
son
Razagyi
1110–1112
son
Thagiwin I
1112–1115
son
Thagiwin II
1115–1133
son
Kawliya
1133–1153
son
Built the Mahâti Temple
Datharaza
1153–1165
son
Historians called him as the "Ashoka of Arakan"
Ananthiri
1165–1167
son
Hkrit (1167–1180)
Monarch
Reign
Relationship
Notes
Minpunsa
1167–1174
brother
son of Datharaza
Pyinsakawa
1174–1176
son
Danayupok
1176–1179
son
Salinkabo
1179–1180
usurper
Nyeinzara Toungoo (1180–1237)
Monarch
Reign
Relationship
Notes
Misuthin
1180–1191
son of Danayupok
Ngaranman
1191–1193
son
Ngapogan
1193–1195
son
Ngarakhaing
1195–1198
son
Ngakyon
1198–1201
son
Ngasu
1201–1205
son
Swe Thin
1205–1206
son
Minkhaung I
1206–1207
brother
Minkhaung II
1207–1208
son
Kabalaung I
1208–1209
son
Kabalaung II
1209–1210
son
Letya I
1210–1218
son
Letya II
1218–1229
son
Thanabin
1229–1232
son
Nganathin
1232–1234
son
Nganalon
1234–1250
son
Launggyet (1251–1406)
Monarch
Reign
Relationship
Notes
Alawmaphyu
1250–1256
son of Nganalon
Founder
Razathu I
1256–1258
son
Saw Lu
1258–1261
son
Uzana I
1261–1269
son
Saw Mon Gyi
1269–1273
son
Nankyargyi
1273–1277
son
Min Bilu
1277–1280
son
Sithabin I
1283-
usurper
Min Hti
1283–1389
son of Min Bilu
Uzana II
1389–1391
son
Thiwarit
1391–1392
younger half-brother
son of Min Hti
Thinhse
1392–1394
younger brother
son of Min Hti
Razathu II
1394–1395
son
grandson of Min Hti
Sithabin II
1395–1397
usurper
Myinhseingyi
1397
usurper
Razathu II
1397–1401
restored
Theinkhathu
1401–1404
brother
son of Thinshe
Saw Mon II
1404–1406
nephew
son of Razathu II
Great Grandson of Min Hti
Interregnum (1406–1429)
North Arakan
Name
Image
Reign From
Reign Until
Relationship with predecessor(s)
Anawrahta
after 29 November 1406
March 1408
Ava 's vassal
Min Khayi or Min Saw Mon
March 1408
early 1411
Hanthawaddy's vassal Min Khayi per Rakhine Razawin Thit ;[1] Min Saw Mon, per Razadarit Ayedawbon [2]
Thray Sithu
1408 [sic]
1409 [sic]
Vassal ruler of Ava per Rakhine Razawin Thit' ;[1] Not found in Burmese chronicles, which say Arakan was not under Ava rule during this period
Letya
early 1411
early 1412
Governor-general of North Arakan (Ava's vassal)
Naranu
1412
18 April 1429
Ruler at Launnggyet (Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421)
Kyaswa
1413
1416
Ruler at Khway-Thin Taung (Ava's vassal) according to Rakhine Razawin Thit' ;[1] not found in Burmese chronicles
Sandoway (Thandwe)
Name
Image
Reign From
Reign Until
Relationship with predecessor(s)
Sokkate
early 1411
early 1412
Governor-general of Sandoway (Ava's vassal)
Thon-Ywa-Za
1412?
1436?
Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421
Saw Yin Mi Saw Yandameit Baya Minye
1436?
1437
Co-regents
The reign dates are per the Arakanese chronicle Rakhine Razawin Thit (Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1931), converted into Western dates using (Eade 1989). (Some Arakanese chronicles state the foundation of the kingdom a year later, 1430. Moreover, the end of the kingdom is given per Burmese records, 2 January 1785. Arakanese records give a day earlier, 1 January 1785.)
Name
Image
Reign From
Reign Until
Relationship with predecessor(s)
Narameikhla
18 April 1429
9 May 1433
Founder
Ali Khan
9 May 1433
c. January 1459
Brother
Ba Saw Phyu
c. January 1459
5 August 1482
Son
Dawlya
5 August 1482
c. February 1492
Son
Ba Saw Nyo
c. February 1492
c. January 1494
uncle, son of Khayi
Ran Aung
c. January 1494
c. July 1494
Grandnephew, son of Dawlya
Salingathu
c. July 1494
February 1502
Maternal uncle
Raza
February 1502
c. November 1513
Son
Gazapati
c. November 1513
January 1515
Son
Saw O
January 1515
July 1515
Granduncle; brother of Salingathu
Thazata
July 1515
c. April 1521
Son of Dawlya
Minkhaung
c. April 1521
27 May 1531
Younger Brother
Min Bin
27 May 1531
11 January 1554
Son of Min Raza
Dikkha
11 January 1554
6 March 1556
Son
Saw Hla
6 March 1556
24 July 1564
Son
Sekkya
24 July 1564
7 February 1572
Brother
Hpalaung
7 February 1572
4 July 1593
Son of Min Bin
Razagyi
4 July 1593
4 July 1612
Son
Khamaung
4 July 1612
14 May 1622
Son
Thiri Thudhamma
14 May 1622
29 May 1638
Son
Sanay
29 May 1638
17 June 1638
Son
Narapati
17 June 1638
13 December 1645
Great grandson of Min Bin
Thado
13 December 1645
c. May 1652
Son
Sanda Thudhamma
c. May 1652
11 June 1674
Son
Uggabala
11 June 1674
16 April 1685
Son
Wara Dhamma
16 April 1685
20 June 1692
Brother
Mani Dhamma
20 June 1692
20 December 1694
Elder brother
Sanda Thuriya I
20 December 1694
4 August 1696
Brother
Nawrahta
4 August 1696
18 August 1696
Son
Mayuppiya
18 August 1696
13 May 1697
Usurper
Kalamandat
16 May 1697
5 June 1698
Usurper
Naradipati
5 June 1698
17 June 1700
Son of Sanda Thuriya
Sanda Wimala I
18 June 1700
30 March 1707
Grandson of Thado
Sanda Thuriya II
3 April 1707
September 1710
Grandson of Sanda Thudhamma
Interregnum ~2 months
Sanda Wizaya
November 1710
April 1731
Usurper
Sanda Thuriya III
April 1731
1734
Son-in-law
Naradipati II
1734
1735
Son
Narapawara
1735
September 1737
Usurper
Sanda Wizala
September 1737
25 March 1738
Cousin
Madarit
28 March 1738
6 February 1743
Brother
Nara Apaya
6 February 1743
28 October 1761
Uncle
Thirithu
28 October 1761
3 February 1762
Son
Sanda Parama
3 February 1762
1 May 1764
Brother
Apaya
1 May 1764
17 January 1774
Brother-in-law
Sanda Thumana
17 January 1774
5 May 1777
Brother-in-law
Sanda Wimala II
6 May 1777
5 June 1777
Usurper
Sanda Thaditha
5 June 1777
1 December 1782
Usurper
Maha Thammada
2 December 1782
2 January 1785
nephew in-law
See also
References
^ a b c RRT Vol. 2 1999: 10
^ Pan Hla 2005: 240
Bibliography
Harvey, G. E. (1925). History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 . London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
Pan Hla, Nai (1968). Razadarit Ayedawbon (in Burmese) (8th printing, 2005 ed.). Yangon: Armanthit Sarpay.
Phayre, Lt. Gen. Sir Arthur P. (1883). History of Burma (1967 ed.). London: Susil Gupta.
Royal Historical Commission of Burma (1832). Hmannan Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
Sandamala Linkara, Ashin (1931). Rakhine Yazawinthit Kyan (in Burmese). Vol. 1–2 (1997 ed.). Yangon: Tetlan Sarpay.
External sources
Charney, Michael W. (1999). 'Where Jambudipa and Islamdom Converged: Religious Change and the Emergence of Buddhist Communalism in Early Modern Arakan, 15th-19th Centuries.' PhD Dissertation, University of Michigan .
Charney, Michael W. (1993). 'Arakan, Min Yazagyi, and the Portuguese: The Relationship Between the Growth of Arakanese Imperial Power and Portuguese Mercenaries on the Fringe of Mainland Southeast Asia 1517-1617.' Masters dissertation, Ohio University .
Leider, Jacques P. (2004). 'Le Royaume d'Arakan, Birmanie. Son histoire politique entre le début du XVe et la fin du XVIIe siècle,' Paris, EFEO .
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