List of Ikshvaku dynasty kings in Hinduism
According to Hindu traditions, Shraddhadeva Manu (Sanskrit manuśraddhādeva) is the current Manu and the progenitor of the current manvantara. He is considered as the seventh of the fourteen Manus of the current kalpa (aeon).[1]
Shraddhadeva was the king of the Dravida Kingdom[2] before Pralaya, the great flood. Forewarned about the flood by the Matsya Avatar of Lord Vishnu, he saved humanity by building a boat that carried his family and the saptarishi to safety. He is the son of Vivasvana and is therefore also known as Vaivasvata Manu, and his dynasty as the Suryavaṃśa. He is also called Satyavrata (always truthful). Ikshvaku (Sanskrit; ikṣvāku, from Sanskrit ikṣu; Pali: Okkāka), is one of the ten sons of Shraddhadeva Manu, and is credited to be the founder of the Ikshvaku Dynasty.[3]
Suryavamsha kings
The genealogy of the Ikshvaku dynasty to Rama is mentioned in the Ramayana in two lists. The only difference between the two lists is that, Kukshi is mentioned only in the second list. In the first list, Vikukshi is mentioned as the son of Ikshavaku. The descendants of Vikukshi are known as Vikauwa.[4]
- Vaivasvata Manu or Satyavrata (Known as Nabhi in the Bhagavata Purana).[5]
- Ikshvaku (Known as Okkāka in Buddhist literature, as Rishabhanatha in Jain texts, and thus possibly an Avatar of Vishnu)
- Kukshi[6] or Vikukshi[a] or Śaśāda
- Bān,Bana or Shakuni (Son of Kukshi)
- Kakutstha or Puranjaya(Purañjaya) or Anaranya I
- Anena(Anenā)[b]
- Prithu(Pṛthu)
- Vishtarashva(Viṣṭarāśva),Visvarandhi, or Viśvagandhi
- Chandra(Cāndra-yuvanāśva)(According to Bhāgavata Purāṇa)
- Yuvanashva I(Yuvanāśva)
- Shravasta(Śrāvasta)(According to Bhāgavata Purāṇa)
- Brihadashva(Bṛhadaśva)(According to Bhāgavata Purāṇa)
- Dhundumār(Dhundhumāra) or Kuvalayashva(Kuvalayāśva)
- Dhreedhashva(Dṛḍhāśva) or Kapilashva(Kapilāśva) or Bhadrashva(Bhadrāśva)
- Pramoda,son of Dṛḍhāśva
- Haryashva I(Haryaśva)(Married Mādhavī, daughter of Chakravarti Yayati) or Pramodak
- Nikumbha,son ofHaryaśva
- Baharnashva(Barhaṇāśva) father of Senajit
- Giritashva[citation needed]
- Amitashva(Amitāśva), son of Nikumbha and father of Kṛśāśva.*
- Krishashva(Kṛśāśva) or Akrutashva(According to Agni Puran, Matsya Puran)
- Pra Senajit I
- Yuvanashva II
- Mandhata (Chakravarti-Samrat)
- Purukutsa I (or Vasud) and Muchukunda
- Ambarisha (Chakravarti-Samrat, and younger brother of Purukutsa I)
- Trasadasyu (Son of Purukutsa)
- Sambhruta
- Anaranya II
- Preeshadashva
- Haryashva II
- Hastya
- Sumana
- Tridhanva
- Trayyaruni
- Trishanku or Satyavrata II
- Harishchandra
- Rohitashva
- Harita
- Chanchu (Contemporary of Chandravanshi King Dushyanta)
- Chakshu or Sudeva (Contemporary of Chandravanshi Emperor Bharata)
- Vijaya
- Ruruka or Brahuka
- Pratapendra
- Bruk
- Sushandhi
- Bahuk
- Vrika or Bharata II
- Bahu or Asit
- Sagara (Chakravarti-Samrat)
- Anshuman (The son of Sagara's exiled son, Asamanja)
- Dileepa I
- Bhagiratha (Chakravarti-Samrat)
- Suhotra
- Shruti
- Kukutsa II
- Raghu I
- Nabhaga
- Ambarisha II
- Shindhudhwip
- Ayutayu
- Pratayu
- Rituparna
- Sarvakama I
- Sudaas
- Kalmashapada
- Asmaka(Aśmaka)
- Mulaka or Sarvakama/ II
- Dasharatha I
- Ilibil or Ananaranya III
- Vishvamashaha or Nighna (Contemporary to Kuru King Hasthi, who founded Hastinapur)
- Nidhna
- Animitra(Anamitra)
- Duliduh or Mūlaka
- Dileepa II or Deerghabhahu or Khaṭvāṅga
- Raghu II
- Aja
- Dasaratha II (Born as Nemi)
- Bharata III (Younger brother of Rama, and ruler of Kosala on his behalf)
- Ramachandra (Avatar of Vishnu and Chakravarti-Samrat)
The other sons of Dasharatha; Lakshmana and Shatrughna were said to be the kings of Karupada and Malla, and Madhupuri and Vidisha respectively.
Suryavamsha kings after Rama
After the Samadhi of Lord Ramachandra and his brothers; their sons had inherited their lands. From Rama, his sons; Kusha had inherited South Kosala and Lava had inherited North Kosala, while Bharata's children, Taksha and Pushkara had inherited Takshashila and Pushkalavati respectively. Lakshmana's children, Angada and Chandraketu had inherited Karupada and Malla respectively, and Shatrughna's children, Subahu and Shatrughati had inherited Madhupuri and Vidisha respectively.
The Puranas provide a genealogical list from Kusha to Brihadbala, who was killed by Abhimanyu in the Mahabharata war. This list is corroborated by the Raghuvamsha till Agnivarna. [7]
- Kusha (contemporary of Chandravanshi King Kunti) and Lava
- Atithi (contemporary of Chandravanshi King Turvasu II, and son of Kusha)
- Nishadha (founded Nishadha Kingdom)
- Nala II
- Nabhas
- Paundrika
- Ksemadhanva
- Devanika
- Ahinagu
- Ruru
- Pariyatra
- Sala
- Dala
- Bala
- Uktha
- Sahasrasva
- Para II
- Chandravaloka
- Rudraksh
- Chandragiri
- Banuchandra
- Srutayu
- Uluka
- Unnabha
- Vajranabha
- Sankhana
- Vyusitasva
- Visvasaha
- Hiranyanabha Kausalya
- Para III (Atnara)
- Brahmistha
- Putra
- Pusya
- Arthasidhi
- Dhruvasandhi
- Sudarsana
- Agnivarna
- Sighraga
- Maru
- Parsusruta
- Susandhi
- Amarsana
- Mahasvana
- Sahasvana
- Visrutvana
- Visvabhava
- Visvasahva
- Nagnajit (Father of Satya, the wife of Shri Krishna)
- Takshaka
- Brihadbala
Suryavamsha kings after Mahabharata
The Puranas also provide the list of the kings from Brihadbala to the last ruler Sumitra. But these lists mention Shakya as an individual, and incorporate the names of Shakya, Shuddodhana, Siddhartha (Gautama Buddha) and Rahula between Sanjaya and Prasenajit. The names of the kings are:[8]
Successors of Brihadbala
- Brihatkshaya (or Bruhadrunam)
- Urukriya (or Gurukshep)
- Vatsavyuha
- Prativyoma
- Bhaanu
- Divakara (or Divak)
- Veer Sahadeva
- Brihadashva-2
- Bhanuratha (or Bhanumaan)
- Pratitashva
- Supratika
- Marudeva
- Sunakshatra
- Pushkara (or Kinnara)
- Antariksha
- Suvarna (or Sutapaa)
- Sumitra (or Amitrajit)
- Bruhadaraaj (Okkaka)
- Rudraksh
Descendants through the Shakya Lineage
- Kritanjaya (Sivisamjaya)
- Ranajjaya (Sihassara)
- Jayasena (Mahakoshala or Sanjaya)
- Sihahanu (Shakya)
- Śuddhodana (ruler of Shakya Republic of Kapilavastu)
- Siddhartha Shakya (or Gautama Buddha, son of Śuddhodana)
- Rāhula (only son of Gautam Buddha)
Later Ikshvakus, of the Original line and Rulers of Kosala
- Sanjaya Mahākosala
- Prasenajit (born when Siddhartha age 27)
- Viḍūḍabha
- Kshudraka (or Kuntala)
- Ranaka (or Kulaka)
- Suratha
- Sumitra
King Sumitra was Last ruler of the Suryavamsha Dynasty of Kosala, as he was defeated by the powerful Mahapadma Nanda of Magadha in 362 BCE. However, he wasn't killed, and fled to Rohtas, located in present-day Bihar, where his son Kurma had established his reign.[9]
See also
- Solar dynasty
- Lunar dynasty
- Vedic science
- History of India
- Puranic chronology
- History of Hinduism
- Puru and Yadu Dynasties
- List of Hindu Empires and Dynasties
Notes
References
- ^ V. R. Ramachandra Dikshitar (1935). The Matsya Purana: A Study. University of Madras. p. 5.
- ^ Rhonda Burnette-Bletsch, Jon Morgan (ed.). Noah as Antihero: Darren Aronofsky's Cinematic Deluge. Taylor & Francis, 2017. p. 45.
- ^ The Hare Krsnas - The Manus - Manus of the Present Universe
- ^ Vyas, R. T., ed. (1992). Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Text as Constituted in its Critical Edition. Vadodara: Oriental Institute, Vadodara. pp. 91–92, 255–56.
- ^ Doniger, Wendy, ed. (1993), Purana Perennis: Reciprocity and Transformation in Hindu and Jaina Texts, State University of New York Press, ISBN 0-7914-1381-0
- ^ Ramayana,Balakanda,verse 70
- ^ J.P Mittal (2006). Surya Dynasty:Name of Kings. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. ISBN 81-269-0616-2.
- ^ Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, pp.283-8, 384
- ^ Debroy, Bibek (25 October 2017). The Valmiki Ramayana, Volume 3. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. ISBN 9789387326286.
- Sources