National poet
A national poet or national bard is a poet held by tradition and popular acclaim to represent the identity, beliefs and principles of a particular national culture.[1] The national poet as culture hero is a long-standing symbol, to be distinguished from successive holders of a bureaucratically-appointed poet-laureate office. The idea and honoring of national poets emerged primarily during Romanticism, as a figure that helped consolidation of the nation states, as it provided validation of their ethno-linguistic groups.[1]
Most national poets are historic figures, though a few contemporary writers working in relatively new or revived national literatures are also considered "national poets". Though not formally elected, national poets play a role in shaping a country's understanding of itself.[2] Some nations may have more than one national poet; the idea of a single one is always a simplification. It has been argued that a national poet "must write poetry that closely identifies with the nation's cause – or is thought to do so",[3] with an additional assumption being that "a national poet must write in a national language".[4]
The following is a list of nations, with their associated national poets. It is not a list of sovereign states or countries, though many of the nations listed may also be such. The terms "nation" (as cultural concept), "country" (as geographical concept) and "state" (as political concept) are not synonyms.
Africa
Asia
Europe
North America
Oceania
| Country | Poets | |
|---|---|---|
 Australia
|
Dorothea Mackellar, Mary Gilmore, Judith Wright, Henry Lawson, Adam Lindsay Gordon, A. B. "Banjo" Paterson | [89][90][91] |
 Fiji
|
Kamla Prasad Mishra | [92] |
 New Zealand
|
James K. Baxter, Thomas Bracken, Allen Curnow | [93] |
South America
References
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- ^ John Neubauer, "Figures of National Poets", in Marcel Cornis-Pope and John Neubauer, eds., Figures of National Poets (2004), p. 11.
- ^ Michael Baron, Language and Relationship in Wordsworth's Writing (1995), p. 13.
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- ^ Michael Dobson (17 November 1994), The Making of the National Poet - Shakespeare, Adaptation and Authorship, 1660-1769, Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-818323-5
- ^ "Kansallisrunoilija pelkäsi kansaa", Yleisradio (in Finnish), Helsinki, 2017, retrieved 7 February 2021
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- ^ Balazsr2=Michal Kopecek (1 November 2006). National Romanticism: The Formation of National Movements. Central European University Press. p. 431. ISBN 978-963-7326-60-8.
Characteristically, although Njegoš saw himself as a definitely Serbian poet, his epic came to be later canonized as the most important work of 'Yugoslav' literature [...]
{cite book}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Tatar Leaders and Icons: The Top 10 Notable Personalities". Ulastempat International. 23 January 2024.
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{cite book}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Museum of national poet Ravil Fayzullin opens in Tatarstan". World Congress of the Tatars.
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- ^ Daniel Balderston, Mike (2004). Encyclopedia of Latin American and Caribbean Literature, 1900-2003. Routledge. p. 666. ISBN 0-415-30687-6.
- ^ "hackwriters.com - Ruben Dario, Nicaragua's poet of vision, the cultural invasion of Central America and remains of a Central American dreams of renewal, Roger Smith explores Leon". www.hackwriters.com.
- ^ "Overlooked No More: Julia de Burgos, a Poet Who Helped Shape Puerto Rico's Identity (Published 2018)". The New York Times. 3 May 2018 – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ Tió, Elsa (12 August 2020). "Nimia Vicéns: Corazón de la patria con semillas silvestres en sus versos" [Nimia Vicéns: Heart of the country with wild seeds in her verses]. El Adoquín Times (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
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- ^ Poets, Philosophers, Lovers: On the Writings of Giannina Braschi. Pittsburgh, 2020. ISBN 9780822946182
- ^ "Gaston Miron, Poetic Voice of Quebec Nationalism". The New York Times. 2 April 1978. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
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- ^ "Lasana M. Sekou - Paths of Love, Labour, Liberation". jamaica-gleaner.com. 30 December 2018.
- ^ TALKS, SXM (3 December 2018). "'National poet' of St. Maarten honoured with anniversary show | THE DAILY HERALD | SXM Talks".
- ^ Nathanael O'Reilly, "Imagined America: Walt Whitman's Nationalism in the First Edition of 'Leaves of Grass'", Irish Journal of American Studies.
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- ^ Runcie, Charlotte (5 March 2017). "How did recluse Emily Dickinson become America's national poet?" – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
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- ^ https://ojs.victoria.ac.nz/kotare/article/download/700/511/606
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Further reading
- Marcel Cornis-Pope and John Neubauer, eds., Figures of National Poets (2004)
- Edward Whitley, American Bards: Walt Whitman and Other Unlikely Candidates for National Poet (2010)
- Michael Dobson, The Making of the National Poet (1992)
- Josep R. Llobera, Foundations of National Identity (2004)
