Quiapo, Manila

Quiapo
District of Manila
Quezon Boulevard near Quiapo Church
Quezon Boulevard near Quiapo Church
CountryPhilippines
RegionNational Capital Region
CityManila
Congressional districtsPart of the 3rd district of Manila
Barangays16
Founding DateAugust 29, 1586
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total29,846

Quiapo ([ˈkjapɔʔ]) is a district of the city of Manila, in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. Referred to as the "Old Downtown of Manila", Quiapo is home to the Quiapo Church, where the feast of the Black Nazarene is held with millions of people attending annually. Quiapo has also made a name for itself as a place for marketplace bargain hunting.

Quiapo is geographically located at the very center of the city of Manila. It is bounded by the Pasig River and Estero de San Miguel to the south, San Miguel to the east, Recto Avenue to the north and Rizal Avenue to the west.

Etymology

Quiapo's name is derived from the abundance of water cabbage (Pistia stratiotes), called kiyapo in Tagalog (spelled quiapo in Philippine Spanish) in the nearby Pasig River.[2] The town of Cuyapo in Nueva Ecija is also named after the same plant.[3]

History

Pre-1800 maps of Manila show that Quiapo, historically a poor fishing village, was originally a cluster of islands with marshlands and shallow waters. In 1578, Franciscans arrived and established their main missionary headquarters in nearby Santa Ana de Sapa, taking Quiapo as part of its visita (chapel-of-ease). They founded Quiapo Church and dedicated it to St. John the Baptist. The Jesuits later arrived in 1581.[4]

Franciscan prelate Pedro Bautista petitioned to make Quiapo a separate town. The petition was finally granted by Governor-General Santiago de Vera on August 29, 1586.[5] In 1622, Augustinians arrived and founded a chapel in honor of St. Sebastian at the present-day site of the San Sebastian Basilica. By 1850, then a small agricultural village, population of Quiapo grew as a result of a developing economy in the wake of the Manila galleon trade's termination and the subsequent opening of the country to world trade in 1830. Newly rich mestizos started settling in Quiapo, as well as many rich Europeans, including Spanish army officers.[4]

Quiapo had become a wealthy suburb. Since the American insular government and commonwealth periods through to the late 1970s, it shared its status as the center of the activities of Manila's social elites as well as trade, fashion, art and higher learning with its surrounding vicinity (Avenida Rizal, Santa Cruz, Escolta and the University Belt). However, with the construction of the Manila Light Rail Transit System's LRT-1 spanning over Rizal Avenue, the occlusion of light, the trapping of smog and vehicle emissions left the streets beneath dark, gloomy and with an increase in crime and transients. Consequently, many long-time establishments vacated the area. Following the People Power Revolution in 1986, the vibrancy of Quiapo further diminished, with the void filled by makeshift markets to accommodate visitors to the Quiapo Church.

The Quiapo was plot setting for the episode 'Paa' of the 2010 horror film Cinco.

Community

Carriedo Street

Plaza Miranda, in the heart of the Quiapo district, is a town square named after Jose Sandino y Miranda, who served as secretary of the treasury of the Philippines from 1853 to 1863.[6] It is located in front of the Quiapo Church, and has become a popular site for political rallies. On August 21, 1971, while the Liberal Party held its miting de avance in the plaza, a bomb exploded, killing nine and injuring almost 100 civilians.

The Quiapo district is also home to a sizable Muslim population. The Golden Mosque and Green Mosque are located here.

Stores offering herbal products, and a large population of self-described fortune tellers, surround the Quiapo church. Thievery and sales of illegally copied media[7][8] are prevalent in the district.

In recent years, the local government of Manila, spearheaded by then-Mayor Lito Atienza, launched the Buhayin ang Maynila ("Revitalize Manila") project which greatly rehabilitated Quiapo and its vicinities, most especially Plaza Miranda, Quinta Market, the Arsenio Lacson Underpass and the University Belt. Parts of Rizal Avenue, starting from Carriedo Street to Recto Avenue, were converted into pedestrian shopping arcades.

Barangays

Quiapo contains 16 barangays: Barangays 306, 307, 308, and 309 are part of Zone 30; Barangays 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, and 388 are part of Zone 39; and Barangays 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, and 394 are part of Zone 40 of the City of Manila.

Zone/Barangay Land area (km²) Population (2020 census)
Zone 30
Barangay 306 0.1013 km² 1,248
Barangay 307 0.07246 km² 1,378
Barangay 308 0.04002 km² 1,033
Barangay 309 0.06061 km² 1,151
Zone 39
Barangay 383 0.02049 km² 2,267
Barangay 384 0.058606 km² 3,511
Barangay 385 0.07433 km² 3,406
Barangay 386 0.07397 km² 1,213
Barangay 387 0.03622 km² 2,654
Barangay 388 0.02522 km² 1,260
Zone 40
Barangay 389 0.04103 km² 1,174
Barangay 390 0.06551 km² 792
Barangay 391 0.06377 km² 2,558
Barangay 392 0.02962 km² 695
Barangay 393 0.09322 km² 4,073
Barangay 394 0.02663 km² 1,433

Gallery

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "2020 Census of Population and Housing Results" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 16, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  2. ^ Merrill, Elmer Drew (1903). A Dictionary of the Plant Names of the Philippine Islands. Manila: Bureau of Public Print. p. 8.
  3. ^ McLennan, Marshall S. (1980). The Central Luzon Plain: Land and Society on the Inland Frontier. Alemar-Phoenix Publishing House. p. 166.
  4. ^ a b Zialcita, Fernando Nakpil (2006). Quiapo: Heart of Manila. Cultural Heritage Studies Program, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Ateneo de Manila University. ISBN 9789719367307.
  5. ^ "A Question of Quiapo Faith". World Mission Magazine. January 2021. Retrieved April 10, 2023.
  6. ^ Mortel, Paul R. (June 23, 2007). "Inquirer Opinion / Letters to the Editor: Rename Plaza Miranda after Ramon Magsaysay Sr". Inquirer.net. Retrieved October 29, 2007.
  7. ^ Aguilon, Erwin (November 11, 2011). "Anti-piracy agents raid Quiapo haven, recover 5 replicating machines". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 8, 2014.
  8. ^ "Another Quiapo raid yields P24M in pirated discs". GMA News Online. June 5, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2014.

External links

14°36′00″N 120°58′59″E / 14.600°N 120.983°E / 14.600; 120.983