Ramzan Akhmadov
Ramzan Akhmadov | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 1st Emir of the Islamic brigade | |
| In office 1999–2001 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Rizvan Akhmadov |
| 1st Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat | |
| In office 1996–2001 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Aslan Dukuzov |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 February 1970 Urus-Martan, Checheno-Ingush ASSR, Soviet Union |
| Died | 10 February 2001 (aged 31) Starye Atagi, Chechen Republic of Ichkeria |
| Awards |  Qoman Siy |
| Website | ahmadov.org |
| Nickname | "Khamza" |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus Chechen Republic of Ichkeria |
| Years of service | 1992–2001 |
| Rank | Brigadier General |
| Commands | Western front Islamic brigade Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat |
| Battles/wars | War in Abkhazia First Chechen War War of Dagestan Second Chechen War |
Ramzan Adlanovich Akhmadov (Chechen: Axmadġerran Jadlani-voj Ramzan; Russian: Рамзан Адланович Ахмадов; 4 February 1970 – 10 February 2001) was a Chechen Salafi leader and a brigadier general in the Chechen Armed Forces who commanded the Western Front during the Second Chechen War. He was also the founder of the Islamist organisations Islamic brigade and Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat, which sought to establish Sharia law throughout Chechnya. Ramzan was of the Ghendargnoy teip and Appaz-Nek'e (Branch of a teip).
Biography
Early life
Ramzan Akhmadov was born into a large Chechen family with ten sons. He grew up in Urus-Martan, in the south-west of Chechnya.[1] He began his military career in Abkhazia, fighting as a volunteer in the ranks of Shamil Basayev's battalion.[2]
Between 1993 and 1994, Akhmadov formed the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat, an Islamist organisation that took part in combat operations against the Russian armed forces during the First Chechen War.[3]
Interwar period
In the interwar period, Akhmadov was among the supporters of the Islamic Revolution, taking control of the Urus-Martanovsky District. Here he tried to establish Sharia law, set up mujahideen bases and carried out public executions.[4] In particular, in the summer of 1998, in the central square of Urus-Martan, the death sentence of a Sharia court was carried out by shooting a resident of the village of Gekhi who had killed an elderly woman and her granddaughter.[5]
Akhmadov's radical positions and his open dislike of President Maskhadov's political path put him on a collision course with the authorities. In March 1998, this confrontation escalated into a military conflict in which President Maskhadov's supporters were defeated in a battle in Urus-Martan.[6][7]
In August 1999, Akhmadov was among the initiators and chief commanders of the invasion of Dagestan, which culminated in the start of a new war with Russia.[8]
Second Chechen War
In the Second Chechen War, Akhmadov led an Islamic brigade created directly from members of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat.[9] He led major battles in Argun and Shatoy before announcing the start of guerrilla warfare:[10]
At this point we are starting the highly mobile guerrilla warfare as well as mining the roadways of the enemy forces in all of Chechnya. A number of regiments have already been dispatched to carry on these tasks. Allah willing, we are also determined to carry on large-scale attacks against enemy positions in cooperation with other commanders of the Mujahideen.[11]
Death
In February 2001, Akhmadov was seriously wounded in the Shalinsky District in a battle with Russian special forces. He was then sent to Georgia, where he died of his wounds.[12]
References
- ^ Кровавый террор. — Москва: Олма-пресс, 2001. — С. 194—246. — 317 с. — ISBN 5-224-01412-3.
- ^ Неоконченная война: история вооруженного конфликта в Чечне. — Москва: Харвест, 2002. — С. 98–528. — 671 с. — ISBN 978-985-13-1454-2
- ^ Чеченский кризис--99: политическое противостояние в Ичкерии : расстановка сил, хроника, факты. — Москва: Панорама, 2011. — С. 31—94. — 175 с.
- ^ Этнический сепаратизм в России. — Грозный: Панорама, 2008. — С. 57—217. — 224 с. — ISBN 585-895053-1.
- ^ "Урус-Мартан на карте страны". eva-hiorst.ru (in Russian). 2010. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
- ^ "ЗА ЧТО ВОЮЮТ С ДЖАМААТОМ?". vfl.ru (in Russian). 1998. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
- ^ Музаев. Т. М. Чеченский кризис--99: политическое противостояние в Ичкерии : расстановка сил, хроника, факты. — Москва: Панорама, 2011. — С. 31—94. — 175 с.
- ^ "ЛЮДСКОЙ БИЗНЕС» БРАТЬЕВ ЯМАДАЕВЫХ". caucasustimes.com (in Russian). 22 April 2002. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
- ^ Терроризм и террористы: современная Россия. — Грозный: Центр политической информации, 2003. — С. 64—91. — 91 с.
- ^ "Атака на Аргун и Шали. Неизвестная битва чеченской войны". life.ru (in Russian). 23 December 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
- ^ "Interview with Main Commander of Shatoi - Ramzan Ahmadov 28th Jan 2000". sawt-interviews.blogspot.com (in Russian). 8 January 2000. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
- ^ "Тело палача подбросили на дорогу". ytro.ru (in Russian). 23 September 2003. Retrieved 6 September 2023.