Carl Sagan

Carl Edward Sagan (9 Nowemapa 1934 - 20 Kekemapa 1996) he kanaka akeakamai, kilo hōkū, ʻepekema ao holoʻokoʻa, ʻepekema ola hōkū, kumu aʻo, mea kākau, a me ka mea hoʻolaha ʻepekema ʻAmelika. Ua kaulana ʻo ia no kāna hoʻolaha ʻepekema, kāna hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻepekema i ka lehulehu ma o ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, a me kāna mau puke he nui, e like me Cosmos, Contact, a me The Demon-Haunted World.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Carl Edward Sagan ma Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, Nuioka i ka lā 9 Nowemapa 1934. He keiki na Samuel Sagan (1905-1979), he mea hana lole immigrant mai Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine, a me Rachel Molly Gruber (1906-1982). He Iudaio Reform kona ʻohana. Mai kona wā kamaliʻi, ua hoihoi ʻo ia i ka ʻepekema a me nā hōkū. Ua hele ʻo ia i ka New York World's Fair i ka makahiki 1939, kahi i hoʻoulu ai i kona makemake i ka ʻepekema.

Ua hele ʻo ia i ke Kula Kiʻekiʻe ʻo Rahway ma Nū ʻIeleke a laila i ke Kulanui ʻo Chicago, kahi āna i loaʻa ai kāna kēkelē laepua, kēkelē laeoʻo, a me ke kēkelē kauka. Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o Gerard Kuiper, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i kāna pepa nui me ka inoa "Physical Studies of Planets."

Ua hana ʻo Sagan ma ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard (1962-1968) a me ke Kulanui ʻo Cornell (1968-1996). He mea kōkua nui ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka wela o Venus, nā kino lani o kā kākou ʻōnaehana lā, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mikini NASA. Ua hoʻokumu pū ʻo ia i ka Planetary Society a ua hana pū me NASA ma nā mikioni like ʻole, e like me Pioneer a me Voyager.

• Ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka wela o Venus
• Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka Pioneer plaque a me ka Voyager Golden Record
• Ka noiʻi ʻana i ka Nuclear winter
• Ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka manaʻo o SETI
• Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke ola ma nā hōkū ʻē aʻe

Ua kaulana loa ʻo Sagan no kāna papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni Cosmos: A Personal Voyage (1980), i nānā ʻia e nā miliona kanaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā puke ʻepekema kaulana, e like me:

• The Dragons of Eden (1977)
• Cosmos (1980)
• Contact (1985)
• The Demon-Haunted World (1995)
• Pale Blue Dot (1994)

Ua loaʻa iā Sagan nā makana he nui, me:

• Ka Makana Pulitzer (1978)
• Ka NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal (1977)
• Ka Emmy Award
• Ka Peabody Award
• Ka Carl Sagan Medal
• Ka Public Welfare Medal

Ua male ʻo ia i ʻekolu wahine:

• Lynn Margulis (1957-1965)
• Linda Salzman (1968-1981)
• Ann Druyan (1981-1996)

He ʻelima āna mau keiki: Dorion, Nick, Sasha, a me ʻelua hou aku.

Make ʻo Sagan i ka lā 20 Kekemapa 1996 ma Seattle, Wakinekona ma muli o ka maʻi myelodysplasia a me ka pneumonia. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia ma ka Lake View Cemetery ma Ithaca, Nuioka.

• Ka Paena Pūnaewele Carl Sagan Official
• The Planetary Society - Carl Sagan
• Carl Sagan Papers ma ka Library of Congress

• Astronomy
• NASA
• Cosmos: A Personal Voyage
• SETI
• Nuclear winter

He ʻōmuku kēia mea. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, e kōkua mai i ka holomua ʻana i kēia mea.