Ngunyĩrĩko (deduction)

Ngunyĩrĩko (deduction) - ũyũ nĩ mũthemba wa ũcũrania ũrĩa ciira ũahũragwo kana gũkunywo kuuma Kĩwatho gĩkaru (general rule) kĩharo-inĩ kĩceng'e kĩa Cerũranio (discourse).

gĩtereko gĩkinyagĩragwo thutha wa mimanio kĩrica (premise) gĩkaru na kĩrica nyang'ania.

ngerekano

>>andũ othe nĩ macokaga gũkua (andũ nĩ nyakua) -^{kĩrica kĩa mbere}

>> socrates nĩ mũndũ -^{kĩrica gĩa keerĩ}

>>socrates nĩ arĩ coka gũkua (socrates nĩ nyakua) -^gĩtereko

mĩtereko yothe ya ũcũrania wa ngunyĩrĩko ndĩrĩ Ũmenyo wĩna nganja (epistemic uncertainity).