Budaya Natuf

Templat:Zaman Batu Budaya Natufia merupakan budaya Epipaleolitik yang wujud dari 13,000 ke 9,800 tahun lalu di Levant, wilayah di Mediterranean Timur.

Tapak

Tapak Natufia termasuk:

Syria: Tell Abu Hureyra, Mureybet, Yabrud III
Israel: Ain Mallaha (Eynan), El-Wad, Ein Gev, Hayonim cave, Nahal Oren, Salibiya I, Kfar HaHoresh
Palestin (Tebing Barat): Jericho, Gua Shuqba
Jordan: Beidha
Lubnan: Jeita III, Borj Barajne, Jabal es Saaïdé, Aamiq II
Mesir: Budaya Mushabian

Lihat juga

Jadual sinopsis budaya prasejarah dunia lama utama

Rujukan

^ Barker G (2002) Transitions to farming and pastoralism in North Africa, in Bellwood P, Renfrew C (2002), Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis, pp 151–161.
^ Bar-Yosef O (1987) Pleistocene connections between Africa and SouthWest Asia: an archaeological perspective. The African Archaeological Review; Chapter 5, pg 29-38
^ Ofer Bar-Yosef, The Natufian culture and the Early Neolithic: Social and economic trends in Southwestern Asia, chapter 10 in Peter Bellwood and Colin Renfrew (eds.), Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis (2002), p.114.
^ Bar-Yosef, Ofer (1998), "The Natufian Culture in the Levant, Threshold to the Origins of Agriculture" (PDF), Evolutionary Anthropology, 6 (5): 159–177, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6505(1998)6:5<159::AID-EVAN4>3.0.CO;2-7
^ BBC. A History of the World. Ain Sakhri Lovers
^ Bellwood P (2005) Blackwell, Oxford. Page 97
^ "Hebrew U. unearths 12,000-year-old skeleton of 'petite' Natufian priestess". By Bradley Burston. Haaretz, 5 November 2008
^ Clutton-Brock, Juliet (1995), "Origins of the dog: domestication and early history", dalam Serpell, James (penyunting), The domestic dog: its evolution, behaviour and interactions with people, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-41529-2 Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)
^ Ehret (2002) The Civilizations of Africa: A History to 1800. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia
^ Kottak, Conrad P. (2005), Window on Humanity: A Concise Introduction to Anthropology, Boston: McGraw-Hill, m/s. 155–156, ISBN 0-07-289028-2 Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)
^ "Archaeologists discover 12,000 year-old grave of witch doctor". Daily Mail 4 November 2008
^ Munro, Natalie D. (2003), "Small game, the Younger Dryas, and the transition to agriculture in the southern Levant" (PDF), Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Urgeschichte, 12: 47–71 Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month= dan |coauthors= (bantuan)
^ "Oldest Shaman Grave Found". National Geographic 4 November 2008

Bacaan lanjut

Balter, Michael (2005), The Goddess and the Bull, New York: Free Press, ISBN 0-7432-4360-9
Bar-Yosef, Ofer (1998), "The Natufian Culture in the Levant, Threshold to the Origins of Agriculture" (PDF), Evolutionary Anthropology, 6 (5): 159–177, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6505(1998)6:5<159::AID-EVAN4>3.0.CO;2-7
Bar-Yosef, Ofer (1999), "Encoding information: unique Natufian objects from Hayonim Cave, Western Galilee, Israel", Antiquity, 73: 402–409 Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (bantuan)
Bar-Yosef, Ofer (1992), Valla, Francois R. (penyunting), The Natufian Culture in the Levant, Ann Arbor: International Monographs in Prehistory, ISBN 1-879621-03-7
Campana, Douglas V. (1990), "Communal Hunting in the Natufian of the Southern Levant: The Social and Economic Implications", Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, 3 (2): 223–243 Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (bantuan)
Clutton-Brock, Juliet (1999), A Natural History of Domesticated Mammals (ed. 2nd), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-63247-1
Dubreuil, Laure (2004), "Long-term trends in Natufian subsistence: a use-wear analysis of ground stone tools", Journal of Archaeological Science, 31 (11): 1613–1629, doi:10.1016/j.jas.2004.04.003
Munro, Natalie D. (2004), "Zooarchaeological measures of hunting pressure and occupation intensity in the Natufian: Implications for agricultural origins" (PDF), Current Anthropology, 45: S5, doi:10.1086/422084 Unknown parameter |month= ignored (bantuan) S6-S33.
Simmons, Alan H. (2007), The Neolithic Revolution in the Near East: Transforming the Human Landscape, University of Arizona Press, ISBN 978-0-8165-6 Check |isbn= value: length (bantuan)

Pautan luar

Epi-Palaeolithic (European Mesolithic) Natufian Culture of Israel (The History of the Ancient Near East) (Inggeris)
Cultural Complexity (Hierarchical Societies [Socio-Economic-Political Inequalities]) in Mesopotamia: An Outline, diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-10-08, dicapai pada 2013-04-04 (Inggeris)

[] Barker G (2002) Transitions to farming and pastoralism in North Africa, in Bellwood P, Renfrew C (2002), Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis, pp 151–161.

[] Bar-Yosef O (1987) Pleistocene connections between Africa and SouthWest Asia: an archaeological perspective. The African Archaeological Review; Chapter 5, pg 29-38

[] Ofer Bar-Yosef, The Natufian culture and the Early Neolithic: Social and economic trends in Southwestern Asia, chapter 10 in Peter Bellwood and Colin Renfrew (eds.), Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis (2002), p.114.

[] Bar-Yosef, Ofer (1998), "The Natufian Culture in the Levant, Threshold to the Origins of Agriculture" (PDF), Evolutionary Anthropology, 6 (5): 159–177, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6505(1998)6:5<159::AID-EVAN4>3.0.CO;2-7

[] BBC. A History of the World. Ain Sakhri Lovers

[] Bellwood P (2005) Blackwell, Oxford. Page 97

[] "Hebrew U. unearths 12,000-year-old skeleton of 'petite' Natufian priestess". By Bradley Burston. Haaretz, 5 November 2008

[] Clutton-Brock, Juliet (1995), "Origins of the dog: domestication and early history", dalam Serpell, James (penyunting), The domestic dog: its evolution, behaviour and interactions with people, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-41529-2 Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)

[] Ehret (2002) The Civilizations of Africa: A History to 1800. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia

[] Kottak, Conrad P. (2005), Window on Humanity: A Concise Introduction to Anthropology, Boston: McGraw-Hill, m/s. 155–156, ISBN 0-07-289028-2 Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)

[] "Archaeologists discover 12,000 year-old grave of witch doctor". Daily Mail 4 November 2008

[] Munro, Natalie D. (2003), "Small game, the Younger Dryas, and the transition to agriculture in the southern Levant" (PDF), Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Urgeschichte, 12: 47–71 Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month= dan |coauthors= (bantuan)

[] "Oldest Shaman Grave Found". National Geographic 4 November 2008