Chester W. Nimitz

Chester W. Nimitz
Laksamana Armada Nimitz selaku Ketua Operasi Tentera Laut
Nama lahir	Chester William Nimitz
Kelahiran	(1885-02-24)24 Februari 1885 Fredericksburg, Texas, U.S.
Meninggal dunia	20 Februari 1966(1966-02-20) (umur 80) Yerba Buena Island, California, U.S.
Disemadikan	Tanah Perkuburan Kebangsaan Golden Gate San Bruno, California, A.S.
Kesetiaan	Amerika Syarikat
Perkhidmatan	Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat
Tahun perkhidmatan	1905–1966
Pangkat	Laksamana Armada
Jumlah perkhidmatan	5572
Arahan	Kapal USS Chicago (CA-14) Kapal USS Rigel (AR-11) Kapal USS Augusta (CA-31) Biro Navigasi Armada Pasifik Amerika Syarikat dan Wilayah Pemerintahan Lautan Pasifik Ketua Operasi Tentera Laut
Pertempuran	Perang Dunia I Perang Dunia II Pertempuran Laut Karang Pertempuran Midway Kempen Kepulauan Solomon Pertempuran Laut Filipina Pertempuran Teluk Leyte Pertempuran Iwo Jima Pertempuran Okinawa
Anugerah	Navy Distinguished Service Medal (4) Army Distinguished Service Medal Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (United Kingdom) Legion of Honor (Perancis)
Tugas lain	Regent Universiti California
Tandatangan

Chester William Nimitz (24 Februari 1885 - 20 Februari 1966) adalah seorang Laksamana Armada dalam Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat. Beliau memainkan satu peranan besar dalam sejarah tentera laut Perang Dunia II selaku Panglima Tertinggi, Armada Pasifik Amerika Syarikat (CinCPac), bagi angkatan tentera laut A.S. dan Panglima Tertinggi, Wilayah Lautan Pasifik (CinCPOA), bagi tentera A.S. dan angkatan udara, laut dan darat pihak Bersekutu semasa Perang Dunia II. Beliau memimpin Armada Pasifik Amerika sejurus selepas Pearl Harbor sehingga tamat Perang Dunia Kedua. Pada tahun 1942 beliau mengambil alih kepimpinan Medan Pasifik Tengah dan memimpin usaha loncatan pulau melalui Gilberts, Marshalls, dan Marianas ke arah pulau asal Jepun.

Nimitz ialah pakar utama kapal selam dalam Tentera Laut A.S. serta merupakan Ketua Biro Navigasi Tentera Laut pada tahun 1939. Beliau berkhidmat sebagai Ketua Operasi Tentera Laut (CNO) dari tahun 1945 hingga 1947. Beliau merupakan Laksamana Armada terakhir Amerika Syarikat yang tinggal.

Selain penghormatan setem pos 50¢ dalam Siri Tokoh Hebat Amerika, banyak institusi dan lokasi berikut telah dinamakan sempena menghormati Nimitz:

• USS Nimitz, kelas pertama dari sepuluh kapal pengangkut pesawat super berkuasa nuklear, yang telah ditauliahkan pada tahun 1975 dan masih berada dalam perkhidmatan
• Nimitz Foundation, established in 1970, which funds the National Museum of the Pacific War and the Admiral Nimitz Museum, Fredericksburg, Texas
• The Nimitz Freeway (Interstate 880) - from Oakland to San Jose, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area
• Nimitz Glacier in Antarctica for his service during Operation Highjump as the CNO
• Nimitz Boulevard - a major thoroughfare in the Point Loma Neighborhood of San Diego
• Camp Nimitz, a recruit camp constructed in 1955 at the Naval Training Center, San Diego
• Nimitz Highway - state route 92 in Honolulu, Hawaii near the Honolulu airport
• The Nimitz Library, the main library at the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland
• Nimitz Drive, in the Admiral Heights neighborhood of Annapolis, Maryland
• Callaghan Hall (the Naval and Air Force ROTC building at UC Berkeley) containing the Nimitz Library (was gutted by arson in 1985)
• The town of Nimitz in Summers County, West Virginia
• The summit on Guam where Chester Nimitz relocated his Pacific Fleet headquarters, and where the current Commander U.S. Naval Forces Marianas (ComNavMar) resides, is called Nimitz Hill
• Nimitz Park, a recreational area located at United States Fleet Activities Sasebo, Japan
• The Nimitz Trail in Tilden Park in Berkeley, California
• The Main Gate at Pearl Harbor is called Nimitz Gate
• Admiral Nimitz Circle - located in Fair Park, Dallas, Texas
• Chester Nimitz Oriental Garden Waltz performed by Austin Lounge Lizards
• Admiral Nimitz Fanfare composed by John Steven Lasher (2014)
• Admiral Nimitz March composed by John Steven Lasher (2014)
• The Nimitz Building, Raytheon Company site headquarters, Portsmouth, Rhode Island
• Nimitz Road in Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory is named in his honor.
• Nimitz Place part of Havemeyer Park located in Old Greenwich, Connecticut was named in his honor along with many other World War II military personnel.
• Nimitz Hall is the Officer Candidate School barracks of Naval Station Newport, Newport, Rhode Island. The barracks was dedicated 15 March 2013.
• Nimitz-McArthur Building, Headquarters U.S. Pacific Command
• Nimitz Statue, designed by Armando Hinojosa of Laredo, is located at the entrance to SeaWorld in San Antonio, Texas.
• Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz Statue Diarkibkan 2014-01-06 di Wayback Machine, commissioned by the Naval Order of the United States, is situated near the bow of the USS Missouri memorial on Ford Island, facing the USS Arizona memorial. The statue was dedicated 2 September 2013.

• Nimitz High School, (Harris County, Texas)
• Nimitz High School, Irving, Texas
• Nimitz Junior High School, Odessa, Texas
• Chester W. Nimitz Middle School, Huntington Park, California
• Nimitz Middle School Diarkibkan 2011-09-30 di Wayback Machine, Tulsa, Oklahoma
• Nimitz Middle School, San Antonio, Texas
• Nimitz Elementary School, Sunnyvale, California
• Chester W. Nimitz Elementary School, Honolulu, Hawaii
• Nimitz Elementary School Diarkibkan 2014-05-04 di Wayback Machine, Kerrville, Texas

Kadet Akademi Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat - Januari 1905

Ensain	Leftenan Madya	Leftenan	Leftenan Komander	Komander	Kepten
O-1	O-2	O-3	O-4	O-5	O-6
7 Januari 1907	31 Januari 1910	31 Januari 1910	29 Ogos 1916	1 Februari 1918	2 Jun 1927

Komodor	Laksamana Muda	Laksamana Madya	Laksamana	Laksamana Armada
O-7	O-8	O-9	O-10	O-11
Tidak disandang	23 Jun 1938	Tidak disandang	31 Disember 1941	19 Disember 1944

• Komodor - pangkat yang tidak lagi digunakan dalam Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat, sebelum ini dikhaskan untuk kegunaan masa perang dan tidak digunakan pada masa kenaikkan pangkat Nimitz ke Pegawai berbendera. Pada masa kini, Kepten yang dinaikkan pangkat ke gred gaji O-7 menjadi Laksamana Muda Rendah dan menggunakan singkatan pangkat RDML yang bertentangan dengan RADM, yang menandakan Laksamana Muda Kanan, O-8. Semasa perkhidmatan Laksamana Nimitz, satu-satunya pangkat yang sedia ada adalah Laksamana Muda, tanpa membezakan antara bahagian bawah dan atas.

• Laksamana Armada - pangkat ini menjadi tetap dalam Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat pada 13 Mei 1946, satu pelantikan seumur hidup.

Pada masa kenaikkan pangkat Nimitz ke Laksamana Muda, Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat tidak mengekalkan pangkat satu bintang (Komodor). Nimitz dengan itu telah dinaikkan pangkat secara terus dari Kepten ke Laksamana Muda. Melalui Pelantikan Kongres beliau melangkaui pangkat Laksamana Madya dan menjadi Laksamana pada Disember 1941.

Nimitz juga tidak pernah memegang pangkat Leftenan Madya, kerana beliau telah dilantik sebagai Leftenan penuh selepas tiga tahun perkhidmatan sebagai Leftenan Muda. Atas sebab-sebab pentadbiran rekod tentera laut Nimitz menyatakan bahawa beliau telah dinaikkan pangkat ke pangkat Leftenan Madya dan Leftenan pada hari yang sama.

	Navy Distinguished Service Medal with three gold stars
	Army Distinguished Service Medal
	Silver Lifesaving Medal
	World War I Victory Medal with Secretary of the Navy Commendation Star
	American Defense Service Medal
	Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
	World War II Victory Medal
	National Defense Service Medal with star

	United Kingdom - Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
	United Kingdom - Pacific Star
	Perancis - Grand-Croix de la Légion d'honneur
	Filipina - Philippine Medal of Valor
	Philippines - Liberation Medal with one bronze service star
	Netherlands - Order of Orange-Nassau with Swords in the Degree of the Knight Grand Cross (Dutch: Ridder Grootkruis in de Orde van Oranje Nassau)
	Greece - Grand Cross of the Order of George I
	China - Grand Cordon of Pao Ting (Tripod) Special Class
	Guatemala - Cross of Military Merit First Class (Spanish: La Cruz de Merito Militar de Primera Clase)
	Cuba - Grand Cross of the Order of Carlos Manuel de Cespedes
	Argentina - Order of the Liberator General San Martín (Spanish: Orden del Libertador San Martin)
	Ecuador - Order of Abdon Calderon (1st Class)
	Belgium - Grand Cross Order of the Crown (Belgium) with Palm (French: Grand Croix de l'ordre de la Couronne avec palme)
	Belgium - War Cross with Palm (French: Croix de Guerre Avec Palme)
	Itali - Knight of the Grand Cross of the Military Order of Italy (Cavaliere di Gran Croce)
	Brazil - Order of Naval Merit (Ordem do Mérito Naval)

• Borneman, Walter R. (2012). The Admirals: Nimitz, Halsey, Leahy and King - The Five-Star Admirals Who Won the War at Sea (Hardback) |format= requires |url= (bantuan). New York: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-09784-0.
• "Some Thoughts to Live By," Chester W. Nimitz with Andrew Hamilton, ISBN 0-686-24072-3, reprinted from Boys' Life Magazine, 1966.
• Potter, E. B. Nimitz. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1976. ISBN 978-0-87021-492-9.
• Potter, E. B., and Chester W. Nimitz. Sea Power. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1960. ISBN 0-13-796870-1.

• Mark J. Denger. "Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, A Five Star Submariner". Californians and the Military. California State Military Museum. Dicapai pada 3 December 2003.
• "Fleet Admiral Chester William Nimitz". Frequently Asked Questions. Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2011-07-29. Dicapai pada 10 May 2007.
• National Museum of the Pacific War
• USS Nimitz Association
• Nimitz-class Navy Ships at Federation of American Scientists
• Nimitz State Historic Site in Fredericksburg, Texas
• "The Navy‘s Part in the World War," (26 Nov 1945) Diarkibkan 2014-02-21 di Wayback Machine. A speech by Nimitz from the Commonwealth Club of California Records at the Hoover Institution Archives.
• Texas Navy hosted by The Portal to Texas History. A survey of the Texas Navy during the Texas Revolution and the Republic Era. Includes maps, sketches, a list of ships of the Texas Navy, and a chronology. Also includes photographs of 20th century U.S. Navy ships named after Texans or Texas locations. See photos of Chester Nimitz and the Nimitz hotel.
• Filem pendek Big Picture: The Admiral Chester Nimitz Story ini boleh didapati untuk muat turun percuma di Internet Archive.
• Guide to the Chester W. Nimitz Papers, 1941-1966 MS 236 held by Special Collection & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy