प्वलाख
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center" | Main article: Isotopes of प्वलाख
प्वलाख
|
78Pt |
|
रुप
|
grayish white
|
साधारण गुण
|
नां, चिं, ल्या
| प्वलाख, Pt, 78
|
उच्चारण
| /ˈplætɨnəm/ |
धातुया वर्ग | transition metal
|
ग्रुप, पिरियद, ब्लक
| 10, 6, d
|
Standard atomic weight
| 195.084
|
Electron configuration
| [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
|
History
|
Discovery
| Antonio de Ulloa (1735) |
First isolation
| Antonio de Ulloa (1735) |
Physical properties
|
Phase
| solid
|
Density (near r.t.)
| 21.45 g·cm−3 |
Liquid density at m.p.
| 19.77 g·cm−3 |
Melting point
| 2041.4 K, 1768.3 °C, 3214.9 °F
|
Boiling point
| 4098 K, 3825 °C, 6917 °F
|
Heat of fusion
| 22.17 kJ·mol−1
|
Heat of vaporization
| 510 kJ·mol−1 |
Molar heat capacity
| 25.86 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
|
P (Pa)
| 1
| 10
| 100
| 1 k
| 10 k
| 100 k
| at T (K)
| 2330
| (2550)
| 2815
| 3143
| 3556
| 4094
|
|
Atomic properties
|
Oxidation states
| 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2 (mildly basic oxide)
|
Electronegativity
| 2.28 (Pauling scale)
|
Ionization energies
| 1st: 870 kJ·mol−1 |
2nd: 1791 kJ·mol−1 |
Atomic radius
| 139 pm
|
Covalent radius
| 136±5 pm
|
Van der Waals radius
| 175 pm
|
Miscellanea
|
Crystal structure
| face-centered cubic
|
Magnetic ordering
| paramagnetic
|
Electrical resistivity
| (20 °C) 105 nΩ·m
|
Thermal conductivity
| 71.6 W·m−1·K−1 |
Thermal expansion
| (25 °C) 8.8 µm·m−1·K−1 |
Speed of sound (thin rod)
| (r.t.) 2800 m·s−1 |
Tensile strength
| 125-240 MPa
|
Young's modulus
| 168 GPa
|
Shear modulus
| 61 GPa
|
Bulk modulus
| 230 GPa
|
Poisson ratio
| 0.38
|
Mohs hardness
| 4–4.5
|
Vickers hardness
| 549 MPa
|
Brinell hardness
| 392 MPa
|
CAS registry number
| 7440-06-4
|
Most stable isotopes
|
iso
| NA
| half-life
| DM
| DE (MeV) | DP
| 190Pt
| 0.014%
| 6.5×1011 y | α
| 3.252
| 186Os
| 192Pt
| 0.782%
| >4.7×1016 y | (α)
| 2.4181
| 188Os
| 193Pt
| syn
| 50 y | ε
| -
| 193Ir
| 194Pt
| 32.967%
| -
| (α)
| 1.5045
| 190Os
| 195Pt
| 33.832%
| -
| (α)
| 1.1581
| 191Os
| 196Pt
| 25.242%
| -
| (α)
| 0.7942
| 192Os
| 198Pt
| 7.163%
| >3.2×1014 y | (α)
| 0.0870
| 194Os
| (β−β−)
| 1.0472
| 198Hg
| Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
|
|
· r |
प्वलाख वा Platinum छता रसायनिक तत्त्व ख। थ्व तत्त्वया रसायनिक चिं Pt ख। थ्व तत्त्वया एतमिक ल्या ७८ ख।
लिधंसा