د شیدو لار

د شیدو لار کهکشان
	د کهکشانونو مرکز چې د شپې له خوا د تلسکوپ په مرسته او هم په سترګو له ځمکې څخه د لیدلو وړ دی. telescope)
د لاسرسی معلومات
Type	Sb, Sbc, or SB(rs)bc (barred spiral galaxy)
Diameter	۱٫۵–۲٫۳ Mly (۴۶۰–۷۱۰ ك.فخ)
Thickness of thin stellar disk	≈۲ kly (۰٫۶ ك.فخ)
د ستورو شمیر	100–400 میلیارده [(1–4)×1011]
Mass	0.8–1.5کينډۍ:E کينډۍ:Solar mass
Angular momentum	≈کينډۍ:Val
Sun's distance to Galactic Center	۲۶٫۴ ± ۱٫۰ kly (۸٫۰۹ ± ۰٫۳۱ ك.فخ)کينډۍ:Additional citation needed
Sun's Galactic rotation period	240 Myr
Spiral pattern rotation period	220–360 Myr
Bar pattern rotation period	100–120 Myr
Speed relative to CMB rest frame	552.2 ± 5.5 km/s
Escape velocity at Sun's position	550 km/s
Dark matter density at Sun's position	0.0088کينډۍ:Sup sub کينډۍ:Solar masspc−3 or 0.35کينډۍ:Sup sub GeV cm−3
	See also: Galaxy, List of galaxies

د غبرګونونو وړاندېز

↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name ssr100_1_129 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Frommert, Hartmut; Kronberg, Christine (August 26, 2005). "Classification of the Milky Way Galaxy". SEDS. Archived from the original on May 31, 2015. نه اخيستل شوی May 30, 2015.
↑ Croswell, Ken (March 23, 2020). "Astronomers have found the edge of the Milky Way at last". Archived from the original on March 24, 2020. نه اخيستل شوی March 27, 2020.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name ask-astro cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ ^۵٫۰ ^۵٫۱ Rix, Hans-Walter; Bovy, Jo (2013). "The Milky Way's Stellar Disk". The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. 21: 61. arXiv:1301.3168. Bibcode:2013A&ARv..21...61R. doi:10.1007/s00159-013-0061-8. S2CID 117112561.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name odenwald cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name McMillan2011 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name McMillan2016 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Kafle2012 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ ^۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ ^۱۰٫۲ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Kafle2014 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Karachentsev, Igor. "Double Galaxies §7.1". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Izdatel'stvo Nauka. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. نه اخيستل شوی April 5, 2015.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name apj692_2_1075 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name boehle2016 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Gillessen2016 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name sparke_gallagher cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ ^۱۶٫۰ ^۱۶٫۱ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name rotation_pattern_speeds cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name COBE1993 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
↑ "Milky Way Galaxy: Facts About Our Galactic Home". Space.com. Archived from the original on March 21, 2017. نه اخيستل شوی April 8, 2017.
↑ "Laniakea: Our home supercluster". youtube.com. Archived from the original on September 4, 2014.
↑ Tully, R. Brent; et al. (September 4, 2014). "The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies". Nature. 513 (7516): 71–73. arXiv:1409.0880. Bibcode:2014Natur.513...71T. doi:10.1038/nature13674. PMID 25186900. S2CID 205240232.
↑ "Milky Way". BBC. Archived from the original on March 2, 2012.
↑ "How Many Stars in the Milky Way?". NASA Blueshift. Archived from the original on January 25, 2016.
↑ Staff (January 2, 2013). "100 Billion Alien Planets Fill Our Milky Way Galaxy: Study". Space.com. Archived from the original on January 3, 2013. نه اخيستل شوی January 3, 2013.
↑ Overbye, Dennis (31 January 2022). "An Electrifying View of the Heart of the Milky Way - A new radio-wave image of the center of our galaxy reveals all the forms of frenzy that a hundred million or so stars can get up to". The New York Times. نه اخيستل شوی 1 February 2022.
↑ Heyood, I.; et al. (28 January 2022). "The 1.28 GHz MeerKAT Galactic Center Mosaic" (PDF). arXiv. arXiv:2201.10541. نه اخيستل شوی 1 February 2022.
↑ Starr, Michelle (March 8, 2019). "The Latest Calculation of Milky Way's Mass Just Changed What We Know About Our Galaxy". ScienceAlert.com. Archived from the original on March 8, 2019. نه اخيستل شوی March 8, 2019.
↑ Watkins, Laura L.; et al. (February 2, 2019). "Evidence for an Intermediate-Mass Milky Way from Gaia DR2 Halo Globular Cluster Motions". The Astrophysical Journal. 873 (2): 118. arXiv:1804.11348. Bibcode:2019ApJ...873..118W. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab089f. S2CID 85463973.
↑ H.E. Bond; E. P. Nelan; D. A. VandenBerg; G. H. Schaefer; et al. (February 13, 2013). "HD 140283: A Star in the Solar Neighborhood that Formed Shortly After the Big Bang". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (1): L12. arXiv:1302.3180. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765L..12B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/765/1/L12. S2CID 119247629.
↑ Rey, H. A. (1976). The Stars. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 145. ISBN 978-0395248300.
↑ Pasachoff, Jay M.; Filippenko, Alex (2013). The Cosmos: Astronomy in the New Millennium. Cambridge University Press. p. 384. ISBN 978-1-107-68756-1.
↑ Crossen, Craig (July 2013). "Observing the Milky Way, part I: Sagittarius & Scorpius". Sky & Telescope (په انګليسي). 126 (1): 24. Bibcode:2013S&T...126a..24C.
↑ Crumey, Andrew (2014). "Human contrast threshold and astronomical visibility". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 442 (3): 2600–2619. arXiv:1405.4209. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.442.2600C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu992. S2CID 119210885.
↑ Falchi, Fabio; Cinzano, Pierantonio; Duriscoe, Dan; Kyba, Christopher C. M.; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Portnov, Boris A.; Rybnikova, Nataliya A.; Furgoni, Riccardo (June 1, 2016). "The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness". Science Advances (په انګليسي). 2 (6): e1600377. arXiv:1609.01041. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E0377F. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600377. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 4928945. PMID 27386582.
↑ The bright center of the galaxy is located in the constellation Sagittarius. From Sagittarius, the hazy band of white light appears to pass westward through the constellations of Scorpius, Ara, Norma, Triangulum Australe, Circinus, Centaurus, Musca, Crux, Carina, Vela, Puppis, Canis Major, Monoceros, Orion and Gemini, Taurus, to the galactic anticenter in Auriga. From there, it passes through Perseus, Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Cepheus and Lacerta, Cygnus, Vulpecula, Sagitta, Aquila, Ophiuchus, Scutum, and back to Sagittarius.
↑ Newberg, Heidi Jo; et al. (March 1, 2015). "Rings and Radial Waves in the Disk of the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 801 (2): 105. arXiv:1503.00257. Bibcode:2015ApJ...801..105X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/105. S2CID 119124338.
↑ "How Big is Our Universe: How far is it across the Milky Way?". NASA-Smithsonian Education Forum on the Structure and Evolution of the Universe, at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. نه اخيستل شوی March 13, 2013.
↑ "A New Age of Discoveries". Archived from the original on March 31, 2020. نه اخيستل شوی 9 March 2020.

[ssr100_1_129-1] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name ssr100_1_129 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[2] Frommert, Hartmut; Kronberg, Christine (August 26, 2005). "Classification of the Milky Way Galaxy". SEDS. Archived from the original on May 31, 2015. نه اخيستل شوی May 30, 2015.

[croswell2020-3] Croswell, Ken (March 23, 2020). "Astronomers have found the edge of the Milky Way at last". Archived from the original on March 24, 2020. نه اخيستل شوی March 27, 2020.

[ask-astro-4] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name ask-astro cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[Rix_Bovy-5] ۵٫۰ ^۵٫۱ Rix, Hans-Walter; Bovy, Jo (2013). "The Milky Way's Stellar Disk". The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. 21: 61. arXiv:1301.3168. Bibcode:2013A&ARv..21...61R. doi:10.1007/s00159-013-0061-8. S2CID 117112561.

[odenwald-6] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name odenwald cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[McMillan2011-7] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name McMillan2011 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[McMillan2016-8] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name McMillan2016 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[Kafle2012-9] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Kafle2012 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[Kafle2014-10] ۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ ^۱۰٫۲ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Kafle2014 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[11] Karachentsev, Igor. "Double Galaxies §7.1". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Izdatel'stvo Nauka. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. نه اخيستل شوی April 5, 2015.

[apj692_2_1075-12] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name apj692_2_1075 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[boehle2016-13] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name boehle2016 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[Gillessen2016-14] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Gillessen2016 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[sparke_gallagher-15] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name sparke_gallagher cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[rotation_pattern_speeds-16] ۱۶٫۰ ^۱۶٫۱ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name rotation_pattern_speeds cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[COBE1993-17] Cite warning: <ref> tag with name COBE1993 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.

[18] "Milky Way Galaxy: Facts About Our Galactic Home". Space.com. Archived from the original on March 21, 2017. نه اخيستل شوی April 8, 2017.

[19] "Laniakea: Our home supercluster". youtube.com. Archived from the original on September 4, 2014.

[20] Tully, R. Brent; et al. (September 4, 2014). "The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies". Nature. 513 (7516): 71–73. arXiv:1409.0880. Bibcode:2014Natur.513...71T. doi:10.1038/nature13674. PMID 25186900. S2CID 205240232.

[21] "Milky Way". BBC. Archived from the original on March 2, 2012.

[22] "How Many Stars in the Milky Way?". NASA Blueshift. Archived from the original on January 25, 2016.

[Space-20130102-23] Staff (January 2, 2013). "100 Billion Alien Planets Fill Our Milky Way Galaxy: Study". Space.com. Archived from the original on January 3, 2013. نه اخيستل شوی January 3, 2013.

[NYT-20220131-24] Overbye, Dennis (31 January 2022). "An Electrifying View of the Heart of the Milky Way - A new radio-wave image of the center of our galaxy reveals all the forms of frenzy that a hundred million or so stars can get up to". The New York Times. نه اخيستل شوی 1 February 2022.

[ARX-20220128-25] Heyood, I.; et al. (28 January 2022). "The 1.28 GHz MeerKAT Galactic Center Mosaic" (PDF). arXiv. arXiv:2201.10541. نه اخيستل شوی 1 February 2022.

[SA-20190308-26] Starr, Michelle (March 8, 2019). "The Latest Calculation of Milky Way's Mass Just Changed What We Know About Our Galaxy". ScienceAlert.com. Archived from the original on March 8, 2019. نه اخيستل شوی March 8, 2019.

[ARX-20190208-27] Watkins, Laura L.; et al. (February 2, 2019). "Evidence for an Intermediate-Mass Milky Way from Gaia DR2 Halo Globular Cluster Motions". The Astrophysical Journal. 873 (2): 118. arXiv:1804.11348. Bibcode:2019ApJ...873..118W. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab089f. S2CID 85463973.

[HD_140283_(arXiv)-28] H.E. Bond; E. P. Nelan; D. A. VandenBerg; G. H. Schaefer; et al. (February 13, 2013). "HD 140283: A Star in the Solar Neighborhood that Formed Shortly After the Big Bang". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (1): L12. arXiv:1302.3180. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765L..12B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/765/1/L12. S2CID 119247629.

[29] Rey, H. A. (1976). The Stars. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 145. ISBN 978-0395248300.

[30] Pasachoff, Jay M.; Filippenko, Alex (2013). The Cosmos: Astronomy in the New Millennium. Cambridge University Press. p. 384. ISBN 978-1-107-68756-1.

[31] Crossen, Craig (July 2013). "Observing the Milky Way, part I: Sagittarius & Scorpius". Sky & Telescope (په انګليسي). 126 (1): 24. Bibcode:2013S&T...126a..24C.

[32] Crumey, Andrew (2014). "Human contrast threshold and astronomical visibility". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 442 (3): 2600–2619. arXiv:1405.4209. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.442.2600C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu992. S2CID 119210885.

[33] Falchi, Fabio; Cinzano, Pierantonio; Duriscoe, Dan; Kyba, Christopher C. M.; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Portnov, Boris A.; Rybnikova, Nataliya A.; Furgoni, Riccardo (June 1, 2016). "The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness". Science Advances (په انګليسي). 2 (6): e1600377. arXiv:1609.01041. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E0377F. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600377. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 4928945. PMID 27386582.

[34] The bright center of the galaxy is located in the constellation Sagittarius. From Sagittarius, the hazy band of white light appears to pass westward through the constellations of Scorpius, Ara, Norma, Triangulum Australe, Circinus, Centaurus, Musca, Crux, Carina, Vela, Puppis, Canis Major, Monoceros, Orion and Gemini, Taurus, to the galactic anticenter in Auriga. From there, it passes through Perseus, Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Cepheus and Lacerta, Cygnus, Vulpecula, Sagitta, Aquila, Ophiuchus, Scutum, and back to Sagittarius.

[35] Newberg, Heidi Jo; et al. (March 1, 2015). "Rings and Radial Waves in the Disk of the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 801 (2): 105. arXiv:1503.00257. Bibcode:2015ApJ...801..105X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/105. S2CID 119124338.

[36] "How Big is Our Universe: How far is it across the Milky Way?". NASA-Smithsonian Education Forum on the Structure and Evolution of the Universe, at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. نه اخيستل شوی March 13, 2013.

[37] "A New Age of Discoveries". Archived from the original on March 31, 2020. نه اخيستل شوی 9 March 2020.

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