Up quark
Two up quarks (u) and one down quark (d) form a proton
Up quarks are subatomic particles that help make up many larger particles , such as protons . Up quarks have a charge of +2/3, and are the lightest of the six types of quarks . Up quarks have a spin of 1/2, which is the spin all fermions have. They are affected by all four of the fundamental forces , which are gravity , the strong force , the weak force , and electromagnetism . Up quarks are elementary particles , similar to all other quarks. This means that they are so small that scientists believe that they can not be divided any more.
Protons (which have a total charge of +1) are made of two up quarks (which have a charge of +2/3) and one down quark (which has a charge of -1/3). Neutrons (which have a total charge of 0) are made of one up quark , and two down quarks. Up quarks can also be used to create more complex particles , such as pions .
Elementary
Fermions
Bosons
Ghost fields Hypothetical
Superpartners
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Axino
Chargino
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Sfermion (Stop squark)
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Phi meson
J/psi meson
Omega meson
Upsilon meson
Kaon
B meson
D meson
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Tetraquark (Double-charm tetraquark)
Pentaquark
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T meson
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