ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Cite encyclopedia
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| {Cite arXiv} | arXiv preprints |
|---|---|
| {Cite AV media} | audio and visual |
| {Cite AV media notes} | audio and visual liner notes |
| {Cite bioRxiv} | bioRxiv preprints |
| {Cite book} | books |
| {Cite conference} | conference papers |
| {Cite encyclopedia} | edited collections |
| {Cite episode} | radio or television episodes |
| {Cite interview} | interviews |
| {Cite journal} | academic journals and papers |
| {Cite magazine} | magazines, periodicals |
| {Cite mailing list} | public mailing lists |
| {Cite map} | maps |
| {Cite news} | news articles |
| {Cite newsgroup} | online newsgroups |
| {Cite podcast} | podcasts |
| {Cite press release} | press releases |
| {Cite report} | reports |
| {Cite serial} | audio or video serials |
| {Cite sign} | signs, plaques |
| {Cite speech} | speeches |
| {Cite ssrn} | articles with SSRN identifiers |
| {Cite techreport} | technical reports |
| {Cite thesis} | theses |
| {Cite web} | web sources not covered by the above |
| See also: | |
| |
ಈ Citation Style 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೆಟ್ ಉಂಡು ಮಲ್ಪುನವು citations for articles or chapters in edited collections such as encyclopedias and dictionaries, but more generally any book or book series containing individual sections or chapters written by various authors, and put together by one or more editors. However, it is not intended for journals or magazines, which are issued periodically and have volume and (usually) issue numbers, and should be cited with {Cite journal}; nor is it intended for conference proceedings, which should be cited with {Cite conference}.
Usage
ನಕಲು ಮಾಲ್ಪಯಾರ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಖಾಲಿ ಅವೃತ್ತಿತ ಉಪಯೋಗ. ಪೂರ ಪ್ಯಾರಮೀಟರ್ತ ಪುದಾರ್ ತಿರ್ತಾ ವಿಭಾಗೊಡ್ ಇಪ್ಪುಂಡು. ಉಪಯೋಗ "|" (pipe) ಪ್ರತಿ ಪ್ಯಾರಾ ಮೀಟರ್ತಾ ಲಕ್ಷಣೊ .ಮಾಜಾವುನ ಪ್ಯಾರಾಮೀಟರ್ನ್ ಉಪಯೋಗ ಇಜ್ಜಿಯಾಂತಿಲೆಕ್ಕೊ ಮಾಲ್ಪಯಾರ ಸಂಪಾದನೆ ಪುಟೊಗ್ ಪೊಡ್ .ಕೆಲವು ಉದಾಹರಣೆಲು ಇತ್ತೆತಾ ತಾರೀಖುಗ್ ಇಪ್ಪೊಡ್ .ಈ ತಾರೀಖ್ ಸರಿಯಾತ್ ಇಜ್ಜಿ, ಅತ್ತಂದೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಪುಟ.
|
{cite encyclopedia
| year =
| title =
| encyclopedia =
| publisher =
| location =
| id =
}
|
| Vertical list | Prerequisites | Brief instructions / notes |
|---|---|---|
{cite encyclopedia
|last=
|first=
|authorlink=
|editor-first=
|editor-last=
|editor-link=
|encyclopedia=
|title=
|trans_title=
|url=
|accessdate=
|language=
|edition=
|date=
|year=
|publisher=
|volume=
|location=
|id=
|isbn=
|oclc=
|doi=
|pages=
|quote=
|ref=
}
|
|
|
- If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
Examples
{cite encyclopedia |editor2-first=Haggai |last=Golden |editor1-last=Golden |isbn=978-9-004-16042-2 |editor3-first=András |volume=17 |authorlink=Peter Benjamin Golden |pages=7–57 |editor1-first=Peter B. |encyclopedia=The World of the Khazars: New Perspectives |editor3-link=András Róna-Tas |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3ZzXjdyK-CEC&pg=PR2#v=onepage&p=123 |year=2007a |editor1-link=Peter Benjamin Golden |publisher=BRILL |editor3-last=Róna-Tas |first=Peter B. |editor2-last=Ben-Shammai |series=Handbook of Oriental Studies |title=Khazar Studies: Achievements and Perspectives |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }
- Golden, Peter B. (2007a). "Khazar Studies: Achievements and Perspectives". In Golden, Peter B.; Ben-Shammai, Haggai; Róna-Tas, András (eds.). The World of the Khazars: New Perspectives. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Vol. 17. BRILL. pp. 7–57. ISBN 978-9-004-16042-2. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
{cite encyclopedia |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1257036681681058 |title=Idaho |encyclopedia=MSN Encarta |deadurl=yes |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761565515/Idaho.html |archivedate=2009-11-01 }
- "Idaho". MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 2009-11-01.
{cite encyclopedia}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (help)
{cite encyclopedia |editor2-first=Richard K. |last=Seberg |isbn=978-1-55407-206-4 |publication-place=Richmond Hill, Ontario |editor3-first=Alastair |editor-first=Vernon H. |pages=340–341 |editor-last=Heywood |first=Ole |publisher=Firefly Books |year=2007 |lastauthoramp=yes |editor2-last=Brummitt |contribution=Alliaceae |editor3-last=Culham |title=Flowering Plant Families of the World }
- Seberg, Ole (2007). "Alliaceae". In Heywood, Vernon H.; Brummitt, Richard K.; Culham, Alastair (eds.). Flowering Plant Families of the World. Richmond Hill, Ontario: Firefly Books. pp. 340–341. ISBN 978-1-55407-206-4.
{cite encyclopedia}: Unknown parameter|lastauthoramp=ignored (help)
{cite encyclopedia |last=Gerish |encyclopedia=The Crusades: An Encyclopedia |first=Deborah |oclc=70122512 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6cSXSgAACAAJ |editor=Alan V. Murray |publisher=ABC-CLIO |title=Aimery of Lusignan |volume=1 |location=Santa Barbara |pages=24 |year=2006 }
- Gerish, Deborah (2006). "Aimery of Lusignan". In Alan V. Murray (ed.). The Crusades: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 24. OCLC 70122512.
{cite encyclopedia |last=Morère |encyclopedia=Dictionary of Scientific Biography |isbn=0-684-10114-9 |first=J. E. |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons |title=Aguilon, François d' |volume=1 |location=New York |pages=81 |year=1970 }
- Morère, J. E. (1970). "Aguilon, François d'". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 81. ISBN 0-684-10114-9.
{cite encyclopedia |last=Smith |encyclopedia=A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith |isbn=1-85168-184-1 |first=Peter |publisher=Oneworld Publications |title=satan |location=Oxford |pages=304 |year=2000 }
- Smith, Peter (2000). "satan". A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. p. 304. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
{cite encyclopedia |last=Wallace |editor-last=Gillispie |isbn=978-0-684-10114-9 |first=William A. |year=1970 |location=New York |encyclopedia=Dictionary of Scientific Biography |publisher=Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies |title=Albertus Magnus, Saint |volume=1 |editor-first=Charles |pages=99-103 |url=http://www.u.arizona.edu/~aversa/scholastic/Dictionary%20of%20Scientific%20Biography/Albertus%20Magnus%20(Wallace).pdf }
- Wallace, William A. (1970). "Albertus Magnus, Saint" (PDF). In Gillispie, Charles (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 1. New York: Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies. pp. 99–103. ISBN 978-0-684-10114-9.
{cite encyclopedia |last=Morse |encyclopedia=Law Library - American Law and Legal Information |first=Stephen J. |archivedate=2008-09-25 |title=Psychopathy - What Is Psychopathy? |volume=Crime and Justice Vol 3 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5b5vnGYP0 |url=http://law.jrank.org/pages/1884/Psychopathy-What-psychopathy.html |accessdate=2008-09-25 }
- Morse, Stephen J. "Psychopathy - What Is Psychopathy?". Law Library - American Law and Legal Information. Vol. Crime and Justice Vol 3. Archived from the original on 2008-09-25. Retrieved 2008-09-25.
Parameters
Syntax
ಅಡೆಂಗಾಯಿನ ನಿಯತಾಂಕೊಲು ಮೂಲೊ ನಿಯತಾಂಕೊದ ಉಲಾಯಿಡ್ ಉಂಡು:
- ಮೂಲೊ
- OR: ಮೂಲೊ2— ಮುಕ್ಯೋ ಮೂಲೊ ತಾ ಬದಲ್ಗ್ ಗಲಸಾಯಿನಾವು ಆದುಪ್ಪು
- child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
- OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)
- Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).
COinS
This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata.- use
|date=27 September 2007not|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example , –, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup '' (italic font) or ''' (bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata.
COinS metadata is created for these parameters
|periodical=,|journal=,|newspaper=,|magazine=,|work=,|website=,|encyclopedia=,|encyclopaedia=,|dictionary=|chapter=,|contribution=,|entry=,|article=,|section=|title=|publication-place=,|publicationplace=,|place=,|location=|date=,|year=,|publication-date=,|publicationdate=|series=,|version=|volume=|issue=,|number=|page=,|pages=,|at=|edition=|publisher=,|distributor=,|institution=|url=|chapter-url=,|chapterurl=,|contribution-url=,|contributionurl=,|section-url=,|sectionurl=|author#=,|author-last#=,|author#-last=,|last#=,|surname#=|author-first#=,|author#-first=,|first#=,|given#=- any of the named identifiers (
|isbn=,|issn=,|doi=,|pmc=, etc)
Deprecated
Description
Authors
- last: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use last or one of its aliases (e.g.
|author=Bono). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.- author: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author.
- first: Given or first names of author; for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. Aliases: given, first1, given1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty.
- OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each firstn requires a corresponding lastn, but not the other way around).
- author-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: author-link1, authorlink, authorlink1, author1-link, author1link.
- OR: for multiple authors, use author-link1 through author-linkn. Aliases: authorlink1 through authorlinkn, or author1-link through authorn-link, or author1link through authornlink.
- name-list-format: displays authors and editors in Vancouver style when set to
vancand when the list useslast/firstparameters for the name list(s).
- vauthors: comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses:
|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.))
- author-link and author-mask may be used for the individual names in
|vauthors=as described above
- authors: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of last.
- translator-last: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-surname, translator1, translator1-last, translator-last1.
- translator-first: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-given, translator1-first, translator-first1.
- OR: for multiple translators, use translator-last1, translator-first1 through translator-lastn, translator-firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each translator-firstn requires a corresponding translator-lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: translator1-last, translator1-first through translatorn-last, translatorn-first, or translator1 through translatorn.
- translator-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: translator-link1, translator1-link.
- OR: for multiple translators, use translator-link1 through translator-linkn. Aliases: translator1-link through translatorn-link.
- collaboration: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
- Note: When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
Title
- encyclopedia: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics. If script-title is defined, title holds a Romanization of title in script-title.
- script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script:
... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
- trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after encyclopedia; if url is defined, then trans-title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
- script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script:
- Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
| newline | [ | ] | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| space | [ | ] | {!} (preferred)
|
| {bracket|text} | | or {pipe} – | ||
- title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Alias: titlelink.
- title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics. If script-title is defined, title holds a Romanization of title in script-title.
- script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script:
... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
- trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans-title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
- script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script:
- Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
| newline | [ | ] | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| space | [ | ] | {!} (preferred)
|
| {bracket|text} | | or {pipe} – | ||
- title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Alias: titlelink.
- Aliases: title, article
- language: The language in which the source is written. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. Use the full language name or the proper language code (list of supported codes / names). When the source uses more than one language, list them individually, separated by commas, e.g.
|language=French, German. The use of language names or language codes recognized by Wikimedia adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources; do not use templates or wikilinks. Note: When the language is "English" (or "en"), no language is displayed in the citation. Note: When two or more languages are listed there is no need to include "and" before the last language. "and" is inserted automatically by the template. Aliases: lang
Date
- date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.[date ೧] Required when year is used to disambiguate
{sfn}links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.
- For approximate year, precede with "
c.", like this:|date=c. 1900.
- For no date, or "undated", use
|date=n.d.
- year: Year of source being referenced. Use of
|date=is recommended unless all of the following conditions are met:- The
|date=format is YYYY-MM-DD. - The citation requires a
CITEREFdisambiguator. - The template uses
|ref=harvor|mode=cs2, or the template is{citation}.
- The
- orig-year: Original publication year; displays in square brackets after the date (or year). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example:
|orig-year=First published 1859or|orig-year=Composed 1904. Alias: origyear - df: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates. Accepts one value which may be one of these:
dmy– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;mdy– as above for month day, year formatymd– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DDdmy-all– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;mdy-all– as above for month day, year formatymd-all– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
- ↑ Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates.
Publisher
- publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title.
- place: For news stories with a byline, that is, the location where the story was written. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias: location
- publication-place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title. If only one of publication-place, place, or location is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
- publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.
- via: Name of the content deliverer (if different from publisher). via is not a replacement for publisher, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer presents the source in a format other than the original (e.g. NewsBank), when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution.
Edition, series, volume
- edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised" etc. Displays " ed." after this field, so
|edition=2ndproduces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
- ಕ್ರಮಾಂಕ or ಆವೃತಿ: ಆದರೊಲು ಕ್ರಮಾಂಕದ ಭಾಗವಾತೀತ್ನಡ, ಪಂಡಾ ಬುಕ್, ಜರ್ನಲ್ ತಾ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ ನಂಬರ್ ನ್ ಬರೆಯೋಡು.
- volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37); volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase roman numerals, or less than five characters will appear in bold. Any non-numeric value of five or more characters will be presumed to follow some other convention and will not appear in bold.
In-source locations
- page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either
|page=or|pages=, but not both. Displays preceded byp.unless|nopp=y. If hyphenated, use {hyphen} to indicate this is intentional (e.g.|page=3{hyphen}12), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert|page=3-12to|pages=3{ndash}12. - OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either
|page=or|pages=, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded bypp.unless|nopp=y. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use|pages=3{hyphen}1{ndash}3{hyphen}15or|at=pp. 3-1–3-15.- nopp: Set to y, yes, or true to suppress the
p.orpp.notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where|page=Front coveror|pages=passim.
- nopp: Set to y, yes, or true to suppress the
- OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by
|page=or|pages=. Use only one of|page=,|pages=, or|at=.
- Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.
URL
- url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by title can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.
#ixzz2rBr3aO94or?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... - format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. (For media format, use type.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. Automatically added when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.
- URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme.
http://andhttps://will be supported by all browsers; however,ftp://,gopher://,irc://,ircs://,mailto:andnews:may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported. - If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by
%20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
| sp | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | { | | | } |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| %20 | %22 | %27 | %3c | %3e | %5b | %5d | %7b | %7c | %7d |
- Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
Anchor
- ref: the citation's HTML anchor identifier. When set,
|ref=IDgenerates an anchor with the given ID (theidattribute in the citation's<cite id="ID">HTML tag). Setting|ref=IDidentifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value|ref=harvgenerates an anchor identifier suitable for use with {sfn} and {harv} templates. For|mode=cs2|ref=defaults to|ref=harv.
Identifiers
- id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.
These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. rfc=822 or pmc=345678.
When an URL is equivalent to the link produced by the corresponding identifier (such as a DOI), don't add it to any URL parameter but use the appropriate identifier parameter, which is more stable and may allow to specify the access status. The |url= parameter or title link can then be used for its prime purpose of providing a convenience link to an open access copy which would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
- arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example:
arxiv=hep-th/9205027(before April 2007) orarxiv=0706.0001(April 2007 – December 2014) orarxiv=1501.00001(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". - asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example
asin=B00005N5PF- asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
au,br,ca,cn,co.jp,co.uk,de,es,fr,it,mx
- asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
- bibcode: Bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example:
1974AJ.....79..819H. Comment: Techies are aware of the 2019 switch from old to new ADS URLs: the old URLs should continue working after October 2019 even though deprecated; see the April/May 2019 and June 2019 discussions. - biorxiv: bioRxiv id, a 6-digit number at the end of the biorXiv URL (e.g.
078733for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733) - citeseerx: CiteSeerX id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g.
10.1.1.176.341for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341 ) - doi: Digital object identifier; for example:
10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.).- doi-broken-date: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at https://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Alias: doi-inactive-date
- eissn: International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example
eissn=1557-2986Alias: EISSN - hdl: Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example
hdl=20.1000/100Alias: HDL - isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example:
978-0-8126-9593-9. - ismn: International Standard Music Number; for example:
979-0-9016791-7-7. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISMN - issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example
issn=2049-3630Alias: ISSN - jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik; example
jfm=53.0144.01 - jstor: JSTOR reference number; for example:
jstor=3793107will generate JSTOR 3793107. - lccn: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case; example
lccn=2004042477 - mr: Mathematical Reviews; example
mr=630583 - oclc: OCLC; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center; example
oclc=9355469 - ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example
ol=7030731M - osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information; example
osti=4367507 - pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for open repository full-text of a journal article, e.g.
pmc=345678. Do not include "PMC" in the value. - pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier; example
pmid=17322060 - rfc: Request for Comments; example
rfc=3143 - ssrn: Social Science Research Network; example
ssrn=1900856 - zbl: Zentralblatt MATH; example
zbl=0472.53010For zbMATH search results likeJFM 35.0387.02usejfm=35.0387.02
Quote
- ಉದ್ದರನೆ: . Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.
Editors
- editor-last: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor-last1, editor1-last, editor-surname, editor-surname1, editor1-surname, editor, editor1.
- editor: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor.
- editor-first: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor-first1, editor1-first, editor-given, editor-given1, editor1-given.
- OR: for multiple editors, use editor-last1, editor-first1 through editor-lastn, editor-firstn (Aliases: editorn-last, editor-surnamen or editorn-surname; editorn-first, editor-givenn or editorn-given; editorn). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use
|editor-first1=...|editor-last1=...|editor2=....
- editor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor-link1.
- OR: for multiple editors, use editor-link1 through editor-linkn (alias editorn-link).
- name-list-format: displays authors and editors in Vancouver style when set to
vancand when the list useslast/firstparameters for the name list(s)
- veditors: comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses:
|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.))
- editor-linkn and editor-maskn may be used for the individual names in
|veditors=, as described above
- editor-linkn and editor-maskn may be used for the individual names in
- editors: Free-form list of editor names; use of this parameter is discouraged; not an alias of editor-last
- Display:
- Use display-editors to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.
- If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
- If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."
Laysummary
- lay-url: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Aliases: lay-summary (deprecated), laysummary (deprecated).
- lay-source: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash. Alias: laysource.
- lay-date: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses. Alias: laydate.
Display options
- mode: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For
|mode=cs1, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For|mode=cs2, element separator is a comma (,); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use postscript. - author-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes. Do not use in a list generated by
{reflist},<references />or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. You can also use editor-mask and translator-mask in the same way. Mask parameters can take a number in the name of the parameter (e.g.|authorn-mask=) to specify which author the mask should apply to. - display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set display-authors to the desired number. For example,
|display-authors=2will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed.|display-authors=etaldisplays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayauthors. - display-editors: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example,
|display-editors=2will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed.|display-editors=etaldisplays all editors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayeditors. - last-author-amp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space (
&) when set toy,yes, ortrue. Example:|last-author-amp=yes - postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (
.); for no terminating punctuation, specify|postscript=none– leaving|postscript=empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text or templates beyond the terminating punctuation may generate an error message.|postscript=is ignored if quote is defined.
Subscription or registration required
Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation. Nota bene: access icons do not display correctly for editors who use Modern skin.Four access levels can be used:
free: the source is free to read for anyone (this applies in particular to articles in open access)
registration: a free registration is required to access the source-
limited: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views) to freely access this source 
subscription: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription ("paywall")
As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link.
Access indicators for url-holding parameters
Sources linked by |url=, |chapter-url=, |entry-url=, |article-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as free.
| url | access | allowed keywords |
|---|---|---|
|url= |
|url-access= |
registration  limited subscription 
|
|article-url= |
|article-url-access=
| |
|chapter-url= |
|chapter-url-access=
| |
|contribution-url= |
|chapter-url-access=
| |
|entry-url= |
|entry-url-access=
| |
|section-url= |
|section-url-access=
|
|contribution-url-access= not currently defined; use its alias |chapter-url-access=
Access indicators for named identifiers
Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.
| identifier | access | allowed keywords |
|---|---|---|
|bibcode= |
|bibcode-access= |
free 
|
|doi= |
|doi-access=
| |
|hdl= |
|hdl-access=
| |
|jstor= |
|jstor-access=
| |
|ol= |
|ol-access=
| |
|osti= |
|osti-access=
|
Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named-identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters, the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:
|arxiv=|biorxiv=|citeseerx=|pmc=|rfc=|ssrn=
Ambiguous access parameters
The parameters |registration=yes and |subscription=yes can also be used to indicate the access level of a citation. However, they do not indicate which link they apply to, so editors are encouraged to use |url-access=registration and |url-access=subscription instead, when the restriction applies to |url=. If the restriction applies to an identifier, these parameters should be omitted.
These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:
- registration: (deprecated)
For online sources that require registration, setUse the appropriate access-indicator parameter|registration=yes(ory, ortrue); yields to subscription if both are set. - subscription: (deprecated)
For online sources that require a subscription, setUse the appropriate access-indicator parameter|subscription=yes(ory, ortrue); supersedes registration if both are set.
Setting |registration= or |subscription= to any value other than y, yes, or true will generate an error message.
Template data
TemplateData for Cite encyclopedia
This template formats a citation to an article or chapter in an edited collection such as an encyclopedia or dictionary, but more generally to any book or book series containing individual sections or chapters written by various authors, and put together by one or more editors.
| ಪರಿಮಿತಿ | ಇವರೊ | ಇದೊ | ಸ್ತಿತಿ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of publication | year | Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Source title | title | The title of the source page on the website; displays in quotes | ನೂಲು | ಬೋಡಾಯಿನ |
| Encyclopedia | encyclopedia | Title of the source; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Publisher | publisher | Name of the publisher; displays after title | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Location of publication | location | Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| id | id | A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| URL | url | The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| URL access date | accessdate | The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Last name | last | The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| First name | first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Source date | date | Full date of the source; do not wikilink | ನೂಲು | ಬೋಡಾಯಿನ |
| Author link | authorlink | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | ಪುಟೊ | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Others | others | Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Month of publication | month | Name of the month of publication; do not wikilink; use 'date' instead, if day of month is also known | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Original year | origyear | Original year of publication; provide specifics | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Editor last name | editor-last | The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor', and 'editors' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Editor first name | editor-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Editor link | editor-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link' | ಪುಟೊ | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Place of publication | publication-place | Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Publication date | publication-date | Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Edition | edition | When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Series | series | When the source is part of a series, such as a book series where the issue numbering has restarted; alias of 'version' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Volume | volume | For one publication published in several volumes | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Page | page | Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Pages | pages | Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| No pp | nopp | Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover') | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| At | at | May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Language | language | The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Translated title | trans_title | An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Type | type | Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Format | format | Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| arXiv identifier | arxiv | An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| AZIN | asin | Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| AZIN TLD | asin-tld | ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Bibcode | bibcode | Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| DOI | doi | Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| DOI broken date | doi_brokendate | The date that the DOI was determined to be broken | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| ISBN | isbn | International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| ISSN | issn | International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| jfm code | jfm | Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| JSTOR | jstor | JSTOR identifier | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| LCCN | lccn | Library of Congress Control Number | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| MR | mr | Mathematical Reviews identifier | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| OCLC | oclc | Online Computer Library Center number | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| OL | ol | Open Library identifier | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| OSTI | osti | Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| PMC | pmc | PubMed Center article number | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| PMID | pmid | PubMed Unique Identifier | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| RFC | rfc | Request for Comments number | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| SSRN | ssrn | Social Science Research Network | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Zbl | zbl | Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Archive URL | archiveurl | The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Archive date | archivedate | Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Dead URL | deadurl | If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Quote | quote | Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Ref | ref | An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Separator | separator | The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Postscript | postscript | The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined
| ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Lay URL | layurl | URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Lay source | laysource | Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Lay date | laydate | Date of the summary; displays in parentheses | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Author mask | author-mask | Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Author name separator | author-name-separator | Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Author separator | author-separator | Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Display authors | display-authors | number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; default is to do so after 8 of 9 are listed; alias of 'displayauthors'
| ಸಂಕ್ಯೆ | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
| Last author ampersand | lastauthoramp | When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space' | ನೂಲು | ಐಚಿಕೊ |
See also
This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.