Nomenklatura ng gamot
Ang nomenklatura ng mga gamot ay isang nomenklatura ng mga gamot, lalo na sa mga medikasyon. May tatlong pangalan ang gamot, sa pangkalahatan: pangalang kemikal, na kung saan ang napakahalaga ay ang pangalang IUPAC; henerikong pangalan, na kung saan ang napakahalaga ay ang International Nonproprietary Names (INN); at ang tatak pangkalakal, na kung saan ay markang pangalan.[1] Binubuo ang mga henerikong pangalan ng mga gamot sa lapi at mga puno na naguuri sa gamot sa ibat-ibang kategorya at hinihiwalay din nito ang gamot sa mga kategoryang ito.[2] Maaaring magkaroon ng kodigo ng kompanya ang mga naibebentang gamot.[3]
Ang talaan sa ibaba ay ang magbibigay ng halimbawa ng tatlong uri ng pangalan.
| Pangalang kemikal | Pangalang heneriko | Pangalang marka |
|---|---|---|
| N-acetyl-p-aminophenol | paracetamol acetaminophen (US, JP) |
Tylenol |
| (RS)-2-(4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl)propanoic acid | ibuprofen | Motrin |
| (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-13-[(2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-[[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one | azithromycin | Zithromax |
| ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene) -1-piperidinecarboxylate | loratadine | Claritin |
| 2-acetoxybenzoic acid | acetylsalicylic acid | Aspirin |
| 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol | guaifenesin | Mucinex |
| 2-(diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethylamine hydrochloride | diphenhydramine | Benadryl |
| 3-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-phenol hydrochloride | oxymetazoline | Visine |
| (3R,5R)-7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-5-propan-2-ylpyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid | atorvastatin | Lipitor |
| 4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one tartrate (1:1) hydrate (2:5) | acetaminophen and hydrocodone | Vicodin |
Talaan ng mga lapi at puno ng pangalan ng gamot
Isang komprehensibong talaan ang makikita sa National Library of Medicine[4] o sa Appendix VII ng Diksyunaryong USP.
| Puno | Klase ng gamot | Halimbawa |
|---|---|---|
| -vir | Antiviral drug[2] | aciclovir |
| -cillin | Penicillin-derived antibiotics | penicillin, carbenicillin, oxacillin[5] |
| cef- | Cephem-type antibiotics | cefazolin |
| -mab | Monoclonal antibodies[2] | trastuzumab, ipilimumab |
| -ximab | Chimeric antibody that responds to more than one antigen[2] | infliximab |
| -zumab | humanized antibody[6] | natalizumab, bevacizumab |
| -tinib | Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors[2] | erlotinib, crizotinib |
| -vastatin | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor[2] | atorvastatin |
| -prazole | Proton-pump inhibitor[2] | omeprazole |
| -lukast | Leukotriene receptor antagonists[2] | zafirlukast, montelukast |
| -grel- | Platelet aggregation inhibitor[2] | clopidogrel, ticagrelor |
| -axine | Dopamine and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor[2] | venlafaxine |
| -oxetine | Antidepressant related to fluoxetine[2] | duloxetine, reboxetine |
| -sartan | Angiotensin receptor antagonists[2] | losartan, valsartan |
| -pril | Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor[2] | captopril, lisinopril |
| -oxacin | Quinolone-derived antibiotics | levofloxacin, moxifloxacin |
| -barb- | Barbiturates | Phenobarbital, secobarbital |
| -xaban | Direct Xa inhibitor | apixaban, rivaroxaban |
| -afil | Inhibitor of PDE5 with vasodilator action | sildenafil, tadalafil |
| -prost | Prostaglandin analogue | latanoprost, travoprost |
| -ine | chemical substance | atropine, quinine |
Talababa
- ↑ "How drugs are named". UCB. 2011-12-09. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-05-31. Nakuha noong 2013-01-01. Naka-arkibo 2013-05-31 sa Wayback Machine.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 "Generic naming". American Medical Association. Nakuha noong 2013-01-01.
- ↑ Lowe, Derek (23 October 2006). "Experimental Compound Codes". Science. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 21 Nobiyembre 2015. Nakuha noong 20 November 2015.
{cite web}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(tulong) Naka-arkibo 21 November 2015[Date mismatch] sa Wayback Machine. - ↑ "Generic Name Stems". National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ "Penicillin". Drugs.com. 2010-12-15. Nakuha noong 2013-01-01.
- ↑ Gylys BA; Wedding ME (2005). "-zumab". Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary/medical Terminology: A Systems Approach. Medicus Media. p. 2371. ISBN 0803613245.