Haumea

136108 Xaumea 🝻
Kashf etilishi
Kashf etilgan
  • Braun et al.
  • Ortis et al.
Kashf etilgan sanasi
  • 28-dekabr 2004 (Braun)
  • 27-iyul, 2005 (Ortis)
Kichik sayyora tasnifi
 (136108) Xaumea
Kimning sharafiga nomlangan Xaumea
Muqobil nomlari
 Andoza:Mp
Kichik sayyora turkumi
  • Dwarf planet
  • TNO[1][2]
  • Haumea family
  • trinary[3]
Mehvar tasnifi[6]
Davr 17 December 2020 (JD 2459200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 2
Kuzatish yoyi 65 yil va 291 kun (24033 kun)
Earliest precovery date 22-mart 1955
Afeliy 51.585 AU (7.7170 Tm)
Perigeliy 34.647 AU (5.1831 Tm)
Katta yarim oʻqi 43.116 AU (6.4501 Tm)
Ekssentrisiteti 0.19642
Orbital davri 283.12 yr (103,410 days)[4]
Oʻrtacha orbital tezligi 4.531 km/s[manba kerak]
Oʻrtacha anomaliya 218.205°
Oʻrtacha harakat Andoza:Deg2DMS / day
Chekinish 28.2137°
Orbital tugun uzunligi 122.167°
Perigeliy vaqti ≈ 1 June 2133[5]
±2 days
Perigeliy argumenti 239.041°
Tabiiy yoʻldoshlari soni 2 (Hiʻiaka and Namaka) and ring
Fizik tasnifi
Oʻlchamlari
  • ≈ 2,100 × 1,680 × 1,074 km[nb 1][7]
  • 2,322±60 × 1,704±8 × 1,026±32 km[nb 2][8]
Oʻrtacha radiusi
  • ≈ 780 km[nb 1]
  • 798±6 km to 816 km[nb 3]
Yuzasi ≈ 8.14×106 km2[nb 1][9]
Hajmi ≈ 1.98×109 km3[nb 1][10]
0.0018 Earths
Massasi (4.006±0.040)×1021 kg[11]
0.00066 Earths
Zichlik
  • ≈ 2.018 g/cm3[nb 1]
  • 1.885±0.080 g/cm3 to 1.757 g/cm3[nb 3]
Erkin tushish tezlanishi (ekvatorda) ≈ Andoza:Gr m/s2
Ikkinchi kosmik tezlik ≈ Andoza:V2 km/s
Siderik sutka 3.915341±0.000005 h[12]
(0.163139208 d)
Rektassenziya (Shimoliy qutb uchun) 282.6°±1.1°[13]
Deklinatsiya (Shimoliy qutb uchun) −13.0°±1.3° or −11.8°±1.2°[13]
Albedo
  • ≈ 0.66 geometric[nb 1]
  • ≤ 0.51±0.02 geometric[8]
  • 0.33±0.03 Bond[14]
Harorat < 50 K[15]
Spektral turi
  • BB (neutral)
  • B−V = 0.64, V−R = 0.33 [16]
  • B0−V0 = 0.646 [17]
Koʻrinma yulduz kattaligi 17.3 (opposition)[18][19]
Mutlaq yulduz kattaligi (H) 0.428±0.011 (V-band) [12] · 0.2 [4]

Xaumea (kichik sayyora belgisi 136108 Xaumea ) — Neptun orbitasidan tashqarida joylashgan kichik sayyora. 2004-yilda Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlaridagi Palomar observatoriyasida Kaltekdan Maykl E. Braun boshchiligidagi jamoa tomonidan va shubhali tarzda 2005-yilda Ispaniyadagi Syerra-Nevada observatoriyasida Xose Luis Ortis Moreno boshchiligidagi jamoa tomonidan topilgan, ammo oxirgi da'voga qarshi chiqilgan. 2008-yil 17-sentabrda unga Gavayi koʻpayidhlik ma’budasi boʻlgan Xaumea nomi berildi, Xalqaro Astronomiya Ittifoqi (XAI) tomonidan mitti sayyora boʻlishini kutilgan edi. Nominal hisob-kitoblarga ko'ra, u Erida va Plutondan keyin uchinchi eng katta maʼlum bo'lgan trans-Neptun obyekti boʻldi, ammo eng mos modellashtirishdagi noaniqlik Makemake uchun kattaroq o'lchamlar bilan bir oz mos keladi[20].

Xaumea massasi Plutonnikidan uch karra, Yernikidan esa massasining 1400 marta kichik. Uning shakli to'g'ridan-to'g'ri kuzatilmagan bo'lsa-da, yorug'lik egri chizig'i bo'yicha hisob-kitoblar uning Yakobi ellipsoidi (agar u mitti sayyora bo'lganida qanday bo'lar edi), katta o'qi kichik o'qidan ikki baravar uzun ekanligiga mos keladi. 2017-yil oktabr oyida astronomlar Xaumea atrofida halqa tizimi topilganligini e'lon qilishdi, bu trans-Neptun obyekti uchun kashf etilgan birinchi halqa tizimini ifodalaydi. Xaumea tortishish kuchi yaqin vaqtgacha uning gidrostatik muvozanatga kelishi uchun yetarli deb hisoblangan, ammo hozir bu aniq emas. Xaumeaning cho'ziq shakli va tez aylanishi, halqalari va baland albedosi ulkan to'qnashuvning oqibati boʻlib, bu Xaumea bir nechta yirik trans-Neptun obyektlarini va Xaumeaning ikki yo'ldoshi Xiʻiaka va Namakani o'z ichiga olgan to'qnashuv oilasining eng katta a'zosi bo'ldi.

Manbalar

  1. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name K10H75 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  2. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Buie cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  3. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name candidate cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Cite warning: <ref> tag with name jpldata cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  5. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name perihelion cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  6. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name MPC-object cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Dunham2019 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Ortiz2017 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  9. ↑ „Ellipsoid surface area: 8.13712×10^6 km2“. wolframalpha.com (2019-yil 20-dekabr). 2020-yil 25-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2019-yil 20-dekabr.
  10. ↑ „Ellipsoid volume: 1.98395×10^9 km3“. wolframalpha.com (2019-yil 20-dekabr). 2020-yil 25-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2019-yil 20-dekabr.
  11. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name RagozzineBrown2009 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Cite warning: <ref> tag with name TNOsCool12 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Kondratyev2018 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  14. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Verbiscer2022 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  15. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Trujillo 2006 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  16. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Snodgrass2009 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  17. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Rabinowitz2008 cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  18. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name AstDys cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  19. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name Horizons cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  20. ↑ Ortiz, J. L.; Sicardy, B.; Braga-Ribas, F.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Lellouch, E.; Duffard, R.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; Ivanov, V. D. et al. (2012). "Albedo and atmospheric constraints of dwarf planet Makemake from a stellar occultation". Nature 491 (7425): 566–569. doi:10.1038/nature11597. PMID 23172214. Archived from the original on 2023-02-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20230208231950/https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/142198. Qaraldi: 2021-05-25. Haumea]]

Manbalarni koʻrib chiqish

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 Best fit physical model assuming hydrostatic equilibrium for Haumea.[7]
  2. ↑ Occultation-derived model based on the assumption Haumea's ring does not contribute to its total brightness.[8]
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Occultation-derived model based on the upper-limit assumption that Haumea's ring contributes 5% to its total brightness.[8]