语言单子
此里列出772中自然语言。根据语言英文名排序。单子里向包括一些已灭绝个语言。
单子
|
Amerind languages Australian Aboriginal languages Austroasiatic languages Austronesian languages Languages of the Caucasus Dravidian languages Eskimo–Aleut languages |
Khoisan languages Niger–Congo languages Nilo-Saharan languages Paleosiberian languages Papuan languages |
| Language | Group |
|---|---|
|
A | |
| Are'are | Malayo-Polynesian |
| 'Auhelawa | Malayo-Polynesian |
| A'Tong | 藏缅语族 |
| Aari | Omotic |
| Aariya | unclassified |
| Abanyom | Bantu |
| Abaza | Northwest Caucasian |
| Abenaki | Eastern Algonquian |
| Abkhaz or Abkhazian | Northwest Caucasian |
| Abujmaria | Dravidian |
| Acehnese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Adamorobe Sign Language | Signing |
| Adele | Kwa |
| Adyghe | Northwest Caucasian |
| Afar | Cushitic |
| Afrikaans | 日耳曼语族 |
| Afro-Seminole Creole | English-based creole |
| Aguaruna | Jivaroan |
| Aimaq or Barbari | Iranian |
| Aini | Turkic |
| Ainu | language isolate |
| Akan | Kwa |
| Akawaio | Carib |
| Aklanon | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Albanian | Indo-European |
| Aleut | Eskimo–Aleut |
| Algonquin | Algonquian |
| Alsatian | 日耳曼语族 |
| Altay | Turkic |
| Alutor | Chukotko-Kamchatkan |
| American Sign Language | Signing |
| Amharic | Semitic |
| Anda | Khoisan |
| Amdang | Nilo-Saharan |
| Amuzgo | Oto-Manguean |
| Angika | Indo-Aryan |
| Anyin | Kwa |
| Ao | Tibeto-Burman language |
| A-Pucikwar | Andamanese |
| Arabic | Semitic |
| Aragonese | 罗曼语族 |
| Aramaic | Semitic |
| Are | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Argobba | Semitic |
| Aromanian or Macedo-Romanian | 罗曼语族 |
| Armenian | Indo-European |
| Arvanitic | Indo-European |
| Ashkun | Indo-Iranian |
| Assamese | Indo-Iranian |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic | Semitic |
| Ateso or Teso | Nilotic |
| Asháninka | Arawakan |
| Asi | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Asturian | 罗曼语族 |
| Auslan | Signing |
| Austro-Bavarian | 日耳曼语族 |
| Avar | Northeast Caucasian |
| Avestan | Indo-Iranian |
| Awadhi | Indo-Iranian |
| Aymara | Aymaran |
| Azerbaijani | Turkic |
|
B | |
| Badaga | Dravidian |
| Badeshi | Indo-Iranian |
| Bahnar | Austroasiatic |
| Balinese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Balochi | Indo-Iranian |
| Balti | 藏缅语族 |
| Bambara or Bamanankan | Mande |
| Banjar | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Banyumasan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bartangi | Iranian |
| Basaa | Bantu |
| Bashkardi | Iranian |
| Bashkir | Turkic |
| Basque | Isolated |
| Batak Karo | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Batak Toba | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bats | North Caucasian |
| Beja | Cushitic |
| Belarusian | Slavic |
| Belhare | 藏缅语族 |
| Berta | Nilo-Saharan |
| Bemba | Bantu |
| Bengali | Indo-Aryan |
| Bezhta | Northeast Caucasian |
| Berber | Afro-Asiatic |
| Betawi | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bete | Niger–Congo |
| Bété | Niger–Congo |
| Bhili | Indo-Aryan |
| Bhojpuri | Indo-Aryan |
| Bijil Neo-Aramaic | Semitic |
| Bikol | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bikya or Furu | Bantu |
| Bissa | Mande |
| Blackfoot | Algonquian |
| Boholano | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bohtan Neo-Aramaic | Semitic |
| Bonan or Paoan | Mongolic |
| Bororo | Bororoan |
| Bodo | Bodo |
| Bosnian | Slavic |
| Brahui | Dravidian |
| Breton | Celtic |
| British Sign Language | Signing |
| Bru | Austroasiatic |
| Brunei Malay | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bua | Niger–Congo |
| Buginese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Bukusu | Bantu |
| Bulgarian | Slavic |
| Bunjevac | Slavic |
| 缅甸语 | 藏缅语族 |
| Burushaski | language isolate |
| Buryat | Mongolic |
|
C | |
| Caluyanon or Caluyanun | Malayo-Polynesian |
| 粤语 | 汉语族 |
| Cape Verdean Creole or Kabuverdianu | Portuguese-based creole |
| Carrier | Athabaskan |
| Catalan | 罗曼语族 |
| Cayuga | Iroquoian |
| Cebuano | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Chabacano or Chavacano | Creole |
| Chaga or Kichagga | Bantu |
| Chakma | Indo-Aryan |
| Chaldean Neo-Aramaic | Semitic |
| Cham | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Chamorro | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Chaouia or Tachawit | Berber |
| Chatino | Oto-Manguean |
| Chechen | Northeast Caucasian |
| Chenchu | Dravidian |
| Chenoua | Berber |
| Cherokee | Iroquoian |
| Cheyenne | Algonquian |
| Chhattisgarhi | Indo-Aryan |
| Chickasaw | Muskogean |
| Chintang or Chhintang | 藏缅语族 |
| Chilcotin or Tsilhqot'in | Athabaskan |
| Chinantec | Oto-Manguean |
| 汉语 | 汉语族 |
| Chiricahua or Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache | Athabaskan |
| Chichewa or Nyanja | Bantu |
| Chimané or Tsimané or Mosetén | isolate |
| Chipewyan | Athabaskan |
| Chittagonian | Indo-Aryan |
| Choctaw | Muskogean |
| Ch'ol | Mayan |
| Chontal de Oaxaca | Tequistlatecan |
| Chontal de Tabasco | Mayan |
| Chorasmian or Khwarezmian | Iranian |
| Chukchi or Chukot | Chukotko-Kamchatkan |
| Chulym | Turkic |
| Church Slavonic | Slavic |
| Chuukese or Trukese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Chuvash | Turkic |
| Cocoma or Cocama | Tupian |
| Cocopa | Yuma-Cochimí |
| Coeur d’Alene | Salishan |
| Comanche | Uto-Aztecan |
| Comorian | Bantu |
| Cora | Uto-Aztecan |
| Cornish | Celtic (revived) |
| Corsican | 罗曼语族 |
| Cree | Algonquian |
| Crimean Tatar or Crimean Turkish | Turkic |
| Croatian | Slavic |
| Cuyonon | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Czech | Slavic |
|
D | |
| Dagaare | Niger-Congo |
| Dagbani | Gur |
| Dahlik | Semitic |
| Dalecarlian | 日耳曼语族 |
| Dameli | Indo-Aryan |
| Danish | 日耳曼语族 |
| Dargin | Northeast Caucasian |
| Dari (Zoroastrian) | Iranian |
| Dari-Persian | Iranian |
| Daur or Dagur | Mongolic |
| Dena'ina or Tanaina | Athapaskan |
| Dhatki | Indo-Aryan |
| Dhivehi or Maldivian | Indo-Aryan |
| Dida | Kru |
| Dioula or Jula | Mande |
| Dogri | Indo-Aryan |
| Dogrib or Tli Cho | Athapaskan |
| Dolgan | Turkic |
| Domaaki or Dumaki | Indo-Aryan |
| Dongxiang or Santa | Mongolic |
| Duala | Bantu |
| Dungan | 汉语族 |
| Dutch | 日耳曼语族 |
| Dzhidi or Judeo-Persian | Iranian |
| Dzongkha | 藏缅语族 |
|
E | |
| Eastern Yugur | Mongolic |
| Egyptian Arabic | Semitic |
| Ekoti | Bantu |
| Enets or Yenisey Samoyed | Samoyedic |
| English | 日耳曼语族 |
| Erzya | Uralic |
| Esperanto | Constructed language |
| Estonian | Uralic |
| Even | Tungusic |
| Evenk or Evenki | Tungusic |
| Ewe | Volta–Niger |
| Extremaduran | 罗曼语族 |
|
F | |
| Faroese | 日耳曼语族 |
| Fang | Bantu |
| Fijian | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Filipino | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Finland-Swedish Sign Language | Signing |
| Finnish | Uralic |
| Finnish Sign Language | Signing |
| Flemish language | Belgium |
| Fon | Volta–Niger |
| Franco-Provençal or Arpitan | 罗曼语族 |
| French | 罗曼语族 |
| French Sign Language | Signing |
| Frisian, North | 日耳曼语族 |
| Frisian, Saterland | 日耳曼语族 |
| Frisian, West | 日耳曼语族 |
| Friulian | 罗曼语族 |
| Fula or Fulfulde or Fulani | Senegambian |
| Fur | Nilo-Saharan |
| Futunan | Polynesian |
| Futuna-Aniwa | Polynesian |
|
G | |
| Ga | Kwa |
| Gadaba | Dravidian |
| Gagauz | Turkic |
| Galician | 罗曼语族 |
| 赣语 | 汉语族 |
| Ganda | Bantu |
| Gangte | 藏缅语族 |
| Garhwali | Indo-Aryan |
| Gayo | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Gen or Gẽ or Mina | Volta–Niger |
| Georgian | South Caucasian |
| German | 日耳曼语族 |
| German Sign Language | Signing |
| Gikuyu or Kikuyu | Bantu |
| Gilbertese or Kiribati | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Gilaki | Iranian |
| Goaria | Indo-Aryan |
| Gondi | Dravidian |
| Gorani language (Našinski) | Slavic |
| Gorani language (Zaza-Gorani) or Gurani | Iranian |
| Gawar-Bati or Gowari or Narsati | Indo-Aryan |
| Greenlandic or Kalaallisut | Eskimo–Aleut |
| Greek | Indo-European |
| Guaraní | Tupian |
| Guinea-Bissau Creole | Portuguese-based creole |
| Gujarati | Indo-Aryan |
| Gula Iro or Kulaal | Adamawa |
| Gullah or Sea Island Creole English | English-based creole |
| Gusii | Bantu |
| Gwichʼin | Athabaskan |
|
H | |
| Hadza or Hatsa | Language isolate |
| Haida or Masset | Language isolate or Na-Dené |
| Haitian Creole | French-based creole |
| 客家话 | 汉语族 |
| Hän | Athabaskan |
| Hani | 藏缅语族 |
| Harari | Semitic |
| Harauti | Indo-Aryan |
| Harsusi | Semitic |
| Haryanavi | Indo-Aryan (a dialect of Hindi) |
| Harzani | Iranian |
| Hausa | Afro-Asiatic |
| Havasupai or Upland Yuman | Hokan |
| Hawaiian | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Hawaii Pidgin Sign Language | Signing |
| Hazaragi | Iranian (a dialect of Persian) |
| Hebrew | Semitic |
| Herero | Bantu |
| Hértevin | Semitic |
| Hiligaynon | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Hindi | Indo-Aryan |
| Hindustani (the original term for Urdu/Hindi | Indo-Aryan |
| Hinukh | Northeast Caucasian |
| Hiri Motu | Motu (Austronesian) based Pidgin |
| Hixkaryana | Carib |
| Hmong | Hmong–Mien |
| Hmu | Hmong-Mien |
| Ho | Austroasiatic |
| Hobyót | Semitic |
| Hopi | Uto-Aztecan |
| Huastec or Teenek | Mayan |
| Huave | Language isolate |
| Hulaulá | Semitic |
| Hungarian | Finno-Ugric |
| Hutterite German | 日耳曼语族 |
|
I | |
| Ibibio | Benue–Congo |
| Iban | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Ibanag | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Icelandic | 日耳曼语族 |
| Ifè | Volta–Niger |
| Igbo or Ibo or Biafra | Volta–Niger |
| Ikalanga or Kalanga | Bantu |
| Ili Turki | Turkic |
| Illyrian | Indo-European |
| Ilokano or Ilocano | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Inari Sami | Uralic |
| Indonesian | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Ingrian or Izhorian | Uralic |
| Ingush | Northeast Caucasian |
| Inuktitut | Eskimo–Aleut |
| Inupiaq | Eskimo–Aleut |
| Inuvialuktun | Eskimo–Aleut |
| Iraqw | Cushitic |
| Irish or Irish Gaelic | Celtic |
| Irish Sign Language | Signing |
| Irula | Dravidian |
| Isan or Northeastern Thai | Tai–Kadai |
| Ishkashimi or Ishkashmi | Iranian |
| Istro-Romanian | 罗曼语族 |
| Italian | 罗曼语族 |
| Itelmen or Kamchadal | Chukotko-Kamchatkan |
|
J | |
| Jacaltec or Jakalteko | Mayan |
| Jalaa | unclassified, possibly Niger–Congo |
| Japanese | Japonic |
| Japhug | Sino-Tibetan |
| Jaqaru | Aymaran |
| Jarai | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Javanese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Jibbali or Shehri | Semitic |
| Jewish Babylonian Aramaic | Aramaic |
| Jicarilla Apache | Athabaskan |
| Juang | Austroasiatic |
| Jurchen | Tungusic |
|
K | |
| Kabardian | Northwest Caucasian |
| Kabyle | Berber |
| Kachin or Jingpo | 藏缅语族 |
| Kaingáng | Jê |
| Kalami or Gawri or Dirwali | Indo-Aryan |
| Kalasha-mun | Indo-Aryan |
| Kalmyk or Oirat | Mongolic |
| Kalto or Nahali | Indo-Aryan |
| Kankanai or Kankanaey | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Kannada | Dravidian |
| Kanuri | Nilo-Saharan |
| Kaonde or Chikaonde | Bantu |
| Kapampangan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Karachay-Balkar | Turkic |
| Karagas | Turkic |
| Karaim | Turkic |
| Karakalpak | Turkic |
| Karelian | Uralic |
| Karen | 藏缅语族 |
| Kashmiri | Indo-Aryan |
| Kashubian | Slavic |
| Kazakh | Turkic |
| Kerek | Chukotko-Kamchatkan |
| Keres | Language isolate or Keresan family |
| Ket | Yeniseian |
| Khakas | Turkic |
| Khalaj | Turkic |
| Kham or Sheshi | 藏缅语族 |
| Khandeshi | Indo-Aryan |
| Khanty or Ostyak | Uralic |
| Khasi | Austroasiatic |
| Khitan | Mongolic |
| Khmer | Austroasiatic |
| Khmu | Austroasiatic |
| Khowar | Indo-Aryan |
| Kildin Sami | Finnic |
| Kimatuumbi | Bantu |
| Kinaray-a or Hiraya | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Kinyarwanda | Bantu |
| Kirombo | Bantu |
| Kirundi | Bantu |
| Kivunjo | Bantu |
| Klallam or Clallam | Salishan |
| Kodava Takk or Kodagu or Coorgi | Dravidian |
| Kohistani or Khili | Indo-Aryan |
| Kolami | Dravidian |
| Komi or Komi-Zyrian | Uralic |
| Konkani | Indo-Aryan |
| Kongo or Kikongo | Bantu |
| Koraga | Dravidian |
| Korandje | Nilo-Saharan |
| Korean | Koreanic |
| Korku | Austroasiatic |
| Korowai | Trans–New Guinea |
| Korwa | Austroasiatic |
| Koryak | Chukotko-Kamchatkan |
| Kosraean | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Kota | Dravidian |
| Koyra Chiini or Western Songhay | Nilo-Saharan |
| Koy Sanjaq Surat | Semitic |
| Koya | Dravidian |
| Krymchak or Judeo-Crimean Tatar | Turkic |
| Kujarge | unclassified, perhaps Chadic |
| Kui | Dravidian |
| Kumauni | Indo-Aryan |
| Kumeyaay or Kumiai | Yuma-Cochimí (Hokan?) |
| Kumyk | Turkic |
| Kumzari | Iranian |
| ǃKung | Khoisan |
| Kurdish | Iranian |
| Kurukh or Kurux | Dravidian |
| Kusunda | isolate |
| Kutenai or Kootenay or Ktunaxa | isolated |
| Kuy | Austroasiatic |
| Kwak'wala | Wakashan |
| Kwanyama or Ovambo | Bantu |
| Kxoe | Khoe |
| Kyrgyz or Kirghiz | Turkic |
|
L | |
| Laal | unclassified |
| Lacandon | Mayan |
| Ladakhi | 藏缅语族 |
| Ladin | 罗曼语族 |
| Ladino or Judeo-Spanish | 罗曼语族 |
| Lak | Northeast Caucasian |
| Laki | Iranian |
| Lakota or Lakhota or Teton | Siouan |
| Lambadi or Lamani or Banjari | Indo-Aryan |
| Lao or Laotian | Tai–Kadai |
| Larestani | Iranian |
| Latin | Latino-Faliscan, liturgical language |
| Latgalian | Baltic |
| Latvian | Baltic |
| Laz or Lazuri | South Caucasian |
| Lenca | Language isolate |
| Leonese | 罗曼语族 |
| Lezgi or Agul | Northeast Caucasian |
| Ligbi or Ligby | Mande |
| Limburgish | 日耳曼语族 |
| Lingala | Bantu |
| Lipan Apache | Athabascan |
| Lisan al-Dawat | Indo-Aryan |
| Lishana Deni | Semitic |
| Lishanid Noshan or Lishana Didan | Semitic |
| Lithuanian | Baltic |
| Livonian or Liv | Uralic |
| Lombard | 罗曼语族 |
| Lotha | 藏缅语族 |
| Low German or Low Saxon | 日耳曼语族 |
| Lower Sorbian | Slavic |
| Lozi or Silozi | Bantu |
| Ludic or Ludian | Uralic |
| Lunda or Chilunda | Bantu |
| Luri | Iranian |
| Lushootseed | Salishan |
| Lusoga or Soga | Bantu |
| Luvale | Bantu |
| Luwati | Indo-Iranian |
| Luxembourgish | 日耳曼语族 |
|
M | |
| Macedonian | Slavic |
| Machiguenga | Arawakan |
| Madurese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Magadhi | Indo-Aryan |
| Maguindanao | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Maithili | Indo-Aryan |
| Makasar | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Makhuwa or Makua | Bantu |
| Makhuwa-Meetto | Bantu |
| Malagasy | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Malay | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Malayalam | Dravidian |
| Malaysian Sign Language | Signing |
| Maltese | Semitic |
| Malto or Sauria Paharia | Dravidian |
| Malvi or Malavi or Ujjaini | Indo-Aryan |
| Mam | Mayan |
| Manchu | Tungusic |
| Mandaic | Semitic |
| 官话 | 汉语族 |
| Mandinka | Mande |
| Mansi or Vogul | Uralic |
| Manx | Celtic |
| Manyika | Bantu |
| Maori | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Mapudungun or Mapuche | isolated |
| Maranao | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Marathi | Indo-Aryan |
| Mari or Cheremis | Uralic |
| Maria | Dravidian |
| Marquesan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Marshallese or Ebon | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Martha's Vineyard Sign Language | Signing |
| Masaba | Bantu |
| Masbatenyo or Minasbate | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Meitei or Manipuri or Meithei | 藏缅语族 |
| Mauritian Creole or Morisyen | French-based creole |
| Maya | Mayan |
| Mazandarani or Tabari | Iranian |
| Meänkieli or Tornedalen Finnish | Uralic |
| Megleno-Romanian | 罗曼语族 |
| Megrelian or Mingrelian | South Caucasian |
| Mehri or Mahri | Semitic |
| Menominee | Algonquian |
| Mentawai | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Meroitic | unclassified, maybe Nilo-Saharan or isolated |
| Mescalero Apache | Athabaskan |
| Meru or Kimeru | Bantu |
| Michif | mixed, French and Cree based |
| Mikasuki or Miccosukee | Muskogean |
| Mi'kmaq or Micmac | Algonquian |
| Minangkabau | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Mirandese | 罗曼语族 |
| Mnong or M'Nong | Austroasiatic |
| Mobilian Jargon | pidgin, Choctaw and French based |
| Moghol | Mongolic |
| Mohawk | Iroquoian |
| Moksha | Uralic |
| Molengue | Bantu |
| Mon | Austroasiatic |
| Mongolian | Mongolic |
| Mono | Ubangian |
| Mono | Uto-Aztecan |
| Mono | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Montagnais or Innu | Algonquian |
| Montenegrin | Slavic |
| Mopan | Mayan |
| Motu | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Muher | Semitic |
| Mundari | Austroasiatic |
| Munji | Iranian |
| Muong | Austroasiatic |
| Muria | Dravidian |
|
N | |
| Nafaanra | Senufo |
| Nagarchal | Dravidian |
| Nahuatl | Uto-Aztecan |
| Nama | Khoe |
| Nanai | Tungusic |
| Nauruan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Navajo or Navaho | Na-Dené |
| Ndau or Southeast Shona | Bantu |
| Ndonga | Bantu |
| Neapolitan | 罗曼语族 |
| Negidal | Tungusic |
| Nenets or Yurak | Samoyedic |
| Nepal Bhasa or Newari | 藏缅语族 |
| Nepali | Indo-Aryan |
| New Zealand Sign Language | Signing |
| Nihali or Nahali | isolated |
| Nganasan or Tavgi | Samoyedic |
| Ngumba | Bantu |
| Nheengatu or Geral or Modern Tupí | Tupian |
| Nias | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Nicaraguan Sign Language | Signing |
| Niellim | Adamawa |
| Nigerian Pidgin | pidgin, English-based |
| Nisenan | Penutian, Maiduan |
| Niuean or Niue | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Nivkh or Gilyak | isolated |
| Nogai | Turkic |
| Norfuk or Norfolk or Pitcairn-Norfolk | cant, English-Tahitian based |
| Norman or Norman-French | Romance |
| Northern Ndebele | Bantu |
| Northern Sami | Uralic |
| Northern Sotho or Sepedi | Bantu |
| Northern Straits Salish | Salishan |
| Northern Yukaghir | Yukaghir |
| Norwegian (Bokmål, Nynorsk, Riksmål) | 日耳曼语族 |
| Nuer | Nilotic |
| Nuxálk or Bella Coola | Salishan |
| Nyabwa | Kru |
| Nyah Kur | Austroasiatic |
| Nyangumarta | Pama–Nyungan |
| Nyoro | Bantu |
| Nǀu | Tuu |
|
O | |
| Occitan or Provençal | 罗曼语族 |
| Ojibwe or Ojibwa or Chippewa | Algonquian |
| Okinawan | Japonic |
| Olonets Karelian or Liv or Livvi | Uralic |
| Omagua | Tupian |
| Ongota | Afro-Asiatic |
| Odia | Indo-Aryan |
| Ormuri | Iranian |
| Oroch | Tungusic |
| Orok | Tungusic |
| Oromo or Afaan Oromoo | Cushitic |
| Ossetic or Ossetian | Iranian |
|
P | |
| Páez or Nasa Yuwe | isolated |
| Palauan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Pangasinan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Papiamento or Papiamentu | Ibero-Romance-creole |
| Parachi | Iranian |
| Parya | Indo-Aryan |
| Pashto or Pushto or Pashtu | Iranian |
| Pennsylvania Dutch or Pennsylvania German | 日耳曼语族 |
| Persian or farsi, as it is referred to in the Persian language | Iranian |
| Phalura | Indo-Aryan |
| Phuthi | Bantu |
| Picard | 罗曼语族 |
| Pipil or Nawat | Uto-Aztecan |
| Pirahã | Mura |
| Plautdietsch or Mennonite Low German | 日耳曼语族 |
| Polish | Slavic |
| Portuguese | 罗曼语族 |
| Pothohari or Pahari-Potwari | Indo-Aryan |
| Pradhan or Pardhan | Dravidian |
| Puelche | isolated or Chonan |
| Puma | Tibeto-Burman language |
| Punjabi or Panjabi or Gurmukhi | Indo-Aryan |
| Purépecha or Tarascan | Language isolate |
|
Q | |
| Q'anjob'al | Mayan |
| Qashqai or Ghashghai | Turkic |
| Q'eqchí | Mayan |
| Quebec Sign Language | Signing |
| Quechua | Quechuan |
|
R | |
| Rajasthani | Indo-Aryan |
| Ratagnon or Datagnon or Latagnun | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Réunion Creole or Bourbonnais | French-based creole |
| Romanian | 罗曼语族 |
| Romansh or Rhaeto-Romance | 罗曼语族 |
| Romany or Gypsy | Indo-Iranian |
| Romblomanon | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Rotokas | East Papuan |
| Rotuman | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Runyankole language or Nyankore | Bantu |
| Russian | Slavic |
| Russian Sign Language | Signing |
| Rutul language | Northeast Caucasian languages |
| Ruthenian or Rusyn or Carpathian | Slavic |
|
S | |
| Salar | Turkic |
| Samoan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Sandawe | isolate |
| Sango | Ngbandi-based creole |
| Sanskrit | Indo-Aryan, liturgical language |
| Santali | Austroasiatic |
| Sara | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Saraiki or Seraiki or Siraiki Southern Punjabi | Indo-Aryan |
| Saramaccan | English-based creole |
| Sardinian | 罗曼语族 |
| Sarikoli | Iranian |
| Saurashtra or Sourashtra | Indo-Aryan |
| Savara | Dravidian |
| Savi | Indo-Aryan |
| Sawai | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Scots or Ulster Scots or Hiberno-Scots or Ullans | 日耳曼语族 |
| Scots Gaelic or Scottish Gaelic or Gaidhlig or Gaelic | Celtic |
| Selangor Sign Language | Signing |
| Selkup or Ostyak Samoyed | Samoyedic |
| Semnani | Iranian |
| Senaya | Semitic |
| Serbian | Slavic |
| Serbo-Croatian | Slavic |
| Sesotho | Bantu |
| Seto or Setu | Uralic |
| Seychellois Creole | French-based creole |
| Shan | Tai–Kadai |
| Shimaore | Bantu |
| Shina | Indo-Aryan |
| Shipibo or Shipibo-Konibo | Panoan |
| Shona | Bantu |
| Shor | Turkic |
| Shoshoni or Shoshone | Uto-Aztecan |
| Shughni | Iranian |
| Shumashti | Indo-Aryan |
| Shuswap or Secwepemctsín | Salishan |
| Siberian Tatar | Turkic |
| Sicilian | 罗曼语族 |
| Sidamo | Cushitic |
| Sika | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Silesian | Slavic |
| Silt'e or Selti or East Gurage | Semitic |
| Sindhi | Indo-Aryan |
| Sinhala | Indo-Aryan |
| Sioux | Siouan |
| Sivandi | Iranian |
| Skolt Sami | Uralic |
| Slavey | Athabaskan |
| Slovak | Slavic |
| Slovene or Slovenian | Slavic |
| Soddo or Kistane | Semitic |
| Somali | Cushitic |
| Sonjo or Temi | Bantu |
| Sonsorolese or Sonsorol | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Soqotri | Semitic |
| Sora | Austroasiatic |
| Sorbian, Lower | Slavic |
| Sorbian, Upper | Slavic |
| Sourashtra | Indo-Aryan |
| Southern Ndebele | Bantu |
| Southern Sami | Uralic |
| South Estonian | Uralic |
| Southern Yukaghir or Forest Yukaghir | Yukaghir |
| Spanish | 罗曼语族 |
| Sranan Tongo | English-based creole |
| St'at'imcets or Lillooet | Salishan |
| Sucite or Sìcìté Sénoufo | Senufo |
| Suba | Bantu |
| Sundanese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Supyire or Supyire Senoufo | Senufo |
| Surigaonon | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Susu | Mande |
| Svan | South Caucasian |
| Swahili | Bantu |
| Swati or Swazi or Siswati or Seswati | Bantu |
| Swedish | 日耳曼语族 |
| Syriac | Semitic |
|
T | |
| Tabasaran or Tabassaran | Northeast Caucasian |
| Tachelhit | Berber |
| Tagalog | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tahitian | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tai Lue | Tai-Kadai |
| Taíno | Arawakan |
| Taiwanese Sign Language | Signing |
| Tajik | Iranian |
| Takestani | Iranian |
| Talysh | Iranian |
| Tamil | Dravidian |
| Tanacross | Athabaskan |
| Tangut | 藏缅语族 |
| Tarifit or Rifi or Riff Berber | Berber |
| Tat or Tati | Iranian |
| Tatar | Turkic |
| Tausug | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tehuelche | Chon |
| Telugu | Dravidian |
| Tetum | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tepehua | Totonacan |
| Tepehuán | Uto-Aztecan |
| Thai | Tai–Kadai |
| Tharu | Indo-Aryan |
| Tibetan | 藏缅语族 |
| Tigre or Xasa | Semitic |
| Tigrinya | Semitic |
| Timbisha or Panamint | Uto-Aztecan |
| Tiv | Benue–Congo |
| Tlingit | Na-Dené |
| Tobian | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Toda | Dravidian |
| Tok Pisin | English-based creole |
| Tokelauan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tonga | Bantu |
| Tongan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Torwali or Turvali | Indo-Aryan |
| Tregami | Indo-Aryan |
| Tsat | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tsez or Dido | Northeast Caucasian |
| Tshiluba or Luba-Kasai or Luba-Lulua | Bantu |
| Tsimshian | Penutian |
| Tsonga | Bantu |
| Tswana or Setswana | Bantu |
| Tu or Monguor | Mongolic |
| Tuareg languages or Tamasheq | Berber |
| Tulu | Dravidian |
| Tumbuka | Bantu |
| Tunisian Arabic | |
| Tupiniquim | Tupian |
| Turkish | Turkic |
| Turkmen | Turkic |
| Turoyo | Semitic |
| Tuvaluan | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Tuvan Tuvin or Tyvan | Turkic |
| Tzeltal | Mayan |
| Tzotzil | Mayan |
|
U | |
| Udihe or Ude or Udege | Tungusic |
| Udmurt or Votyak | Uralic |
| Ukrainian | Slavic |
| Ulch or Olcha | Tungusic |
| Unserdeutsch or Rabaul Creole German | German-based creole |
| Upper Sorbian | Slavic |
| Urdu | Indo-Aryan |
| Uripiv | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Urum | Turkic |
| Ute | Uto-Aztecan |
| Uyghur or Uighur | Turkic |
| Uzbek | Turkic |
|
V | |
| Vafsi | Iranian |
| Valencian Sign Language | Signing |
| Vasi-vari or Prasuni | Indo-Aryan |
| Vastese | 罗曼语族 |
| Venda or Tshivenda | Bantu |
| Venetian | 罗曼语族 |
| Veps | Uralic |
| Vietnamese | Austroasiatic |
| Võro | Uralic |
| Votic or Votian | Uralic |
|
W | |
| Wa | Austroasiatic |
| Waddar | Dravidian |
| Waigali or Kalasha-Ala | Indo-Aryan |
| Waima or Roro | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Wakhi | Iranian |
| Wallisian or East Uvean | Polynesian |
| Walloon | 罗曼语族 |
| Waray or Binisaya | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Washo | Hokan |
| Welsh | Celtic |
| Western Neo-Aramaic | Semitic |
| Wolane (Silt'e) | Semitic |
| Wolof | Niger–Congo |
| 吴语 | 汉语族 |
|
X | |
| Xavante | Jê |
| Xhosa | Bantu |
| 湘语 | 汉语族 |
| Xibe or Sibo | Tungusic |
| Xinca | isolate |
| Xipaya | Tupian |
| ǃXóõ | Khoisan |
|
Y | |
| Yaaku language | Afro-Asiatic |
| Yaeyama language | Japonic |
| Yaghnobi | Iranian |
| Yakut | Turkic |
| Yankunytjatjara language | Pama–Nyungan languages, South Australia |
| Yanomami | Yanomaman |
| Yanyuwa | Pama–Nyungan |
| Yao (Dao; Mienic) | Hmong–Mien |
| Yapese | Malayo-Polynesian |
| Yaqui | Uto-Aztecan languages |
| Yauma | Bantu |
| Yavapai | Yuman languages |
| Yazdi | Iranian |
| Yazgulyam or Yazgulami | Iranian |
| Yemenite Hebrew | Semitic |
| Yeni | Niger–Congo |
| Yevanic | Indo-European |
| Yi language (Nuosu, Lolo) | 藏缅语族 |
| Yiddish | 日耳曼语族 |
| Yidgha | Iranian |
| Yogur (also known as Yoghur, (Mongolic) Sarï Uyghur, and (Mongolic) Yellow Uyghur | Mongolic |
| Yokutsan languages | Yok-Utian |
| Yonaguni language | Japonic |
| Yorùbá language | Volta–Niger |
| Yucatec Maya language | Yucatecan |
| Yucatec Maya Sign Language | Signing |
| Yuchi language | Language isolate, Nearly extinct |
| Yugur (also known as Yughur, (Turkic) Sarïgh Uyghur, and (Turkic) Yellow Uyghur | Turkic |
| Yukaghir languages | Yukaghir |
| Yupik languages | Eskimo–Aleut |
| Yurats language | Samoyedic |
| Yurok language | Algic |
|
Z | |
| Záparo | Saparoan |
| Zapotec | Oto-Manguean |
| Zazaki | Iranian |
| Zeelandic | Low Franconian |
| Zhuang | Tai–Kadai |
| Zoque | Mixe–Zoquean |
| Zulu Niger–Congo | Bantu |
| Zuñi or Zuni | isolated |
| Zway or Zay | Semitic |