Pang-bô͘:Program execution

Program execution
General concepts
  • Code
  • Translation
    • Compiler
      • Compile time
    • Optimizing compiler
  • Intermediate representation (IR)
  • Execution
    • Runtime system
      • Runtime
    • Executable
    • Interpreter
    • Virtual machine
Types of code
  • Source code
  • Object code
  • Bytecode
  • Machine code
  • Microcode
Compilation strategies
  • Ahead-of-time (AOT)
  • Just-in-time (JIT)
    • Tracing just-in-time
  • Transcompilation
  • Recompilation
Notable runtimes
  • Android Runtime (ART)
  • BEAM
  • Common Language Runtime (CLR) and Mono
  • CPython and PyPy
  • crt0
  • Java virtual machine (JVM)
  • LuaJIT
  • Objective-C and Swift's
  • V8 and Node.js
  • Zend Engine
Notable compilers & toolchains
  • GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
  • LLVM and Clang