^Juran, Joseph M. (编), A History of Managing for Quality: The Evolution, Trends, and Future Directions of Managing for Quality, Milwaukee, Wisconsin: The American Society for Quality Control, 1995, ISBN 9780873893411, OCLC 32394752
^Evans, James R.; Lindsay, William M., The Management and Control of Quality 4, Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Publications: 118, 1999, ISBN 9780538882422, OCLC 38475486, The term total quality management, or TQM, has been commonly used to denote the system of managing for total quality. (The term TQM was actually developed within the Department of Defense. It has since been renamed Total Quality Leadership, since leadership outranks management in military thought.)
^What Is Six Sigma?(PDF). http://www.motorolasolutions.com. Schaumburg, Illinois: Motorola University: 2. 2010-02-19 [2013-11-24]. (原始内容(PDF)存档于2013-12-03). When practiced as a management system, Six Sigma is a high performance system for executing business strategy.外部链接存在于|website= (帮助)