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- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 WELS Questions & Answers: Lutheran and Catholic. Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. 2015-02-12 [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2015-02-12ï¼Â.
- ^ Brug, John F., Why Bible-Believing Lutherans Subscribe to the Book of Concord? ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary, 2001
- ^ Book of Concord Frequently Asked Questions. bookofconcord.org. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§ÂÃ¥ÂÂ
容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-10-31ï¼Â.
The Lutheran Confessions are ten statements of faith that Lutherans use as official explanations and summaries of what they believe, teach, and confess. They remain to this day the definitive standard of what Lutheranism is.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 What We Believe. WELS. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2015-07-02ï¼ ï¼Âç¾Âå½è±è¯Âï¼Â.
- ^ About Us. International Lutheran Council. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-11-01ï¼ ï¼Âç¾Âå½è±è¯Âï¼Â.
- ^ International Lutheran Council, About Us ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â
- ^ Herrmann, Gottfried, The Path of the Evangelisch-Lutherischen Freikirche (ELFK) into the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference (CELC) and the Doctrine of Church and Ministry ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, p2
- ^ ãÂÂ路德æÂÂéÂÂãÂÂï¼Âå·ä¸Âï¼Âï¼Âé Â36
- ^ ãÂÂæÂ¥çÂÂäºÂä¸Â統治æÂÂæÂÂçÂÂÃ¥ÂÂæÂÂæÂÂçÂȋÂÂ(Deutsche Reichstagsakten unter Kaiser Karl V.)ï¼Âå¼ÂèªãÂÂ路德æÂÂéÂÂãÂÂï¼Âå·ä¸Âï¼Âï¼Âé Â697
- ^ This We Believe - Justification ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, by Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod, stating: We believe that God has justified all sinners, that is, he has declared them righteous for the sake of Christ. This is the central message of Scripture upon which the very existence of the church depends. It is a message relevant to people of all times and places, of all races and social levels, for "the result of one trespass was condemnation for all men" (Romans 5:18). All need forgiveness of sins before God, and Scripture proclaims that all have been justified, for "the result of one act of righteousness was justification that brings life for all men" (Romans 5:18)...We believe that individuals receive this free gift of forgiveness not on the basis of their own works, but only through faith (Ephesians 2:8,9).
- ^ æ½馬å ç»信梠(1536), Part II, Article I: The first and chief article ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â
- ^ News & Media. WELS. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2015-02-11ï¼ ï¼Âç¾Âå½è±è¯Âï¼Â.
- ^ äºÂÃ¥ÂÂå¯ç¨äºÂå·¥. Ã¥ÂÂäºÂ路德æÂÂ. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-11-02ï¼Â.
- ^ Schroeder, Jonathan E., Worship & Outreach: A Lutheran Paradigm ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary, 2010
- ^ Ã¥ÂÂÃ¥ÂÂå¼Âï¼Â1577ï¼Âï¼Â第ä¸Âé¨å æÂÂè¦Âï¼Â第äºÂ梠å¾Âæ³ÂèÂÂç¦Âé³ï¼ÂãÂÂæÂÂÃ¥ÂÂç¸信ãÂÂæÂÂå°Â並æ¿èªÂï¼Âå¾Âæ³ÂèÂÂç¦Âé³çÂÂÃ¥ÂÂå¥æ¯ç¹åÂ¥çÂÂ榮å Âï¼Âè¦Â極åÂÂæÂÂå®Âä¿ÂæÂÂå¨æÂÂæÂÂä¸Âï¼ÂæÂÂè½åÂÂå°èÂÂä¿Âç¾ çÂÂå¸åÂÂï¼ÂãÂÂæÂÂçÂÂæ£æÂÂÃ¥ÂÂ解çÂÂçÂÂçÂÂéÂÂãÂÂï¼ÂæÂÂå¾Â2ï¼Â15ï¼ÂãÂÂãÂÂ
- ^ Schuetze, Armin W., Basic Doctrines of the Bible (èÂÂç¶Âè¦ÂéÂÂ), p30, 1992
- ^ ãÂÂæ½馬å ç»信æ¢ÂãÂÂï¼Â1537ï¼Â第ä¸Âé¨åÂÂ第äºÂæ¢Âï¼Âè«Âå¾Âæ³ ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â
- ^ ãÂÂÃ¥ÂÂÃ¥ÂÂå¼Ââ§æÂÂè¦ÂãÂÂï¼Âä¸ÂæÂÂçÂÂï¼Âï¼Âé Â434ï¼Â第äºÂæ¢Âï¼ÂãÂÂå´格ä¾Â說ï¼ÂãÂÂå¾Âæ³ÂãÂÂæ¯ç¥ÂèÂÂéÂÂçÂÂï¼ÂæÂÂå°Â人çÂÂ麼æ¯å°ÂçÂÂï¼Âæ¯ä¸Âå¸ÂæÂÂÃ¥ÂÂæ çÂÂï¼Âè´責ä¸ÂÃ¥ÂÂéªæ¡èÂÂÃ¥ÂÂå°Âä¸Âå¸Âæ¨æÂÂçÂÂäºÂãÂÂå æ¤ä¸ÂÃ¥ÂÂå®Â罪çÂÂäºÂæ¯屬æ¼ãÂÂå¾Âæ³ÂãÂÂçÂÂ宣è¬ÂãÂÂå¯æ¯ï¼Âå´格ä¾Â說ï¼ÂãÂÂç¦Âé³ãÂÂæ¯ä¸Â種æÂÂè¨Âæªéµå®Âå¾Âæ³ÂèÂÂ被å®Â罪çÂÂ人æÂÂç¶ç¸信çÂÂéÂÂçÂÂï¼Âå³åºç£已ç¶Âè£Âè´ÂãÂÂÃ¥ÂÂéÂÂ人çÂÂä¸ÂÃ¥ÂÂ罪åÂ括Âä¸Âé 人çÂÂÃ¥ÂÂÃ¥ÂÂèÂÂæ¿人è´Âå¾Â罪å¾Â赦å ÂãÂÂãÂÂä¸Âå¸ÂçÂÂ義ãÂÂï¼Âç¾ 1ï¼Â17ï¼ÂæÂÂå¾Â5ï¼Â21ï¼ÂèÂÂæ°¸çÂÂãÂÂãÂÂ
- ^ ãÂÂÃ¥ÂÂÃ¥ÂÂä¿¡æ¢Âã ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼ ï¼Â1577ï¼ "[T]he Gospel is properly a doctrine which teaches what man should believe, that he may obtain forgiveness of sins with God, namely, that the Son of God, our Lord Christ, has taken upon Himself and borne the curse of the Law, has expiated and paid for all our sins, through whom alone we again enter into favor with God, obtain forgiveness of sins by faith, are delivered from death and all the punishments of sins, and eternally saved. For everything that comforts, that offers the favor and grace of God to transgressors of the Law, is, and is properly called, the Gospel, a good and joyful message that God will not punish sins, but forgive them for Christ's sake." ï¼Â主æÂÂæÂÂç¨çºé¦Â港路德æÂÂæÂÂÃ¥ÂÂé¨ãÂÂÃ¥ÂÂÃ¥ÂÂæ¸ãÂÂä¸ÂæÂÂè¯æ¬ï¼Â
- ^ Article V. Of the Ministry ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, The Augsburg Confession
- ^ This We Believe - The Means of Grace ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â: "We believe that the blessing of Baptism is meant for all people (Matthew 28:19), including infants. Infants are born sinful (John 3:6) and therefore need to be born again, that is, to be brought to faith, through Baptism (John 3:5)...We reject the view that babies should not be baptized and that they cannot believe in Christ (Luke 18:15-17)"
- ^ This We Believe - The Means of Grace ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â: "We believe that all who join in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper receive the true body and blood of Christ in, with, and under the bread and wine (1 Corinthians 10:16)...We believe that Christ's words of institution cause the real presenceâÂÂnot any human action. As believers receive his body and blood, they also receive the forgiveness of sins (Matthew 26:28) and the comfort and assurance that they are truly his own. Unbelievers also receive Christ's body and blood, but to their judgment (1 Corinthians 11:29)...Scripture teaches that all communicants receive both the bread and wine and the body and blood of Christ (1 Corinthians 10:16)."
- ^ WELS Topical Q&A: Who may Commune/Serve? - Closed Communion, "Communion is based on faith in Christ, so non-Christians cannot attend. Communion is for forgiveness so the impenitent who are living in a sin cannot attend. Communion calls for self-examination so the uninstructed cannot attend, even our own children. If communicants do not recognize the presence of Christ's body and blood in the sacrament, they receive it not to their blessing but to their condemnation, so members of churches that do not believe in the real presence cannot attend with us."
- ^ WELS Topical Q&A: Real Presence â Holy Communion
- ^ This We Believe - Justification By Grace through Faith ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â: "We believe that already before the world was created, God chose those individuals whom he would in time convert through the gospel of Christ and preserve in faith to eternal life (Ephesians 1:4-6; Romans 8:29,30)."
- ^ This We Believe - Justification By Grace through Faith ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â: "We reject the false and blasphemous conclusion that those who are lost were predestined, or elected, by God to damnation, for God wants all people to be saved (1 Timothy 2:4; 2 Peter 3:9)."
- ^ Epitome of the Formula of Concord (Ã¥ÂÂÃ¥ÂÂä¿¡æ¢Â), XI. Election: Negative These-False Doctrine concerning This Article ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, 1517
- ^ The Eternal Word: A Lutheran Confession for the Twenty-First Century, Article V - Eagerly await the Savior: The Doctrine of the Last Things (Eschatology) ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, pp11-21
- ^ This We Believe - Jesus' Return and the Judgment ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â: "We reject the teaching that Christ will reign on earth for a thousand years in a physical, earthly kingdom. This teaching (millennialism) has no valid scriptural basis and falsely leads Christians to set their hopes upon an earthly kingdom of Christ (John 18:36)." )
- ^ This We Believe - Church and State ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â: "We believe that not only the church but also the state, that is, all governmental authority, has been instituted by God. "The authorities that exist have been established by God" (Romans 13:1). Christians will, therefore, for conscience's sake obey the government that rules over them (Romans 13:5) unless that government commands them to disobey God (Acts 5:29)."
- ^ Member Churches. The Lutheran World Federation. 2013-05-19 [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-12-14ï¼Â.
- ^ Asia - International Lutheran Council. International Lutheran Council. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-11-02ï¼ ï¼Âç¾Âå½è±è¯Âï¼Â.
- ^ Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference âÂÂ. celc.info. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-11-07ï¼ ï¼Âç¾Âå½è±è¯Âï¼Â.
- ^ Our Patron - Martin Luther ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, Trinity Lutheran Church, 2013
- ^ å¾Â宣éÂÂæÂÂçÂÂåºç£æÂÂèÂÂ天主æÂÂçÂÂç°åÂÂ. åºç£æÂÂ宣éÂÂæÂÂé¦Â港åÂÂè¯æÂÂ. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2011-01-28ï¼Â.
- ^ 信義å®ÂèÂÂ梵èÂÂ岡簽締ãÂÂå 信稱義è¯åÂÂè²æÂÂãÂÂ. æÂÂ代è«Âå£Â. 1999-10-10 [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-11-09ï¼Â.
- ^ ä¸ÂçÂÂè¡ÂçÂÂå®Âè°æÂÂå 堥天主æÂÂèÂÂ信義å®ÂçÂÂãÂÂæÂÂ義信çÂÂè¯åÂÂè²æÂÂãÂÂ. 天äºÂ社ä¸ÂæÂÂ網. 2006-08-04 [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2017-11-07ï¼Â.
- ^ 信義å®ÂæÂÂæÂÂèÂÂ天主æÂÂæÂÂæÂÂéÂÂ稱義çÂÂè¯åÂÂè²æ ä¸ÂçÂÂ循éÂÂè¡ÂçÂÂå®ÂÃ¥ÂÂæÂÂå°±æÂÂéÂÂ稱義æÂÂ義è¯åÂÂè²æÂÂçÂÂè²æ äºÂèªÂä¸ÂæÂÂè¯æ¬簽署堸禮 ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Âï¼Â循éÂÂè¡ÂçÂÂè¯åÂÂæÂÂæÂÂï¼Â2014-05-23
- ^ A German pope heads for the Land of Luther ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, National Catholic Reporter, 2 Sept 2011 ï¼Âè±æÂÂï¼Â, saying "To be sure, the Joint Declaration has not exactly brought about an ecumenical New Jerusalem. Some Lutherans have rejected the agreement, including the International Lutheran Council and the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference. On the Catholic side, the VaticanâÂÂs approval remains officially binding, but enthusiasm varies."
- ^ The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justiï¬Âcation in Confessional Lutheran Perspective. [2015-02-13]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2020-08-01ï¼Â.
- ^ McCain, Rev. Paul T. A Betrayal of the Gospel: The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification. First Things. 12 March 2010 [2014-01-17]. ISSN 1047-5141. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2013-09-13ï¼Â.
- ^ WELS Topical Q&A - Justification. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§ÂÃ¥ÂÂ
容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2009-09-27ï¼Â.
The biblical Lutheran teaching of âÂÂforensicâ justification maintains that the only effective cause of our forgiveness is a verdict of God that takes place outside of ourselves. We are declared âÂÂnot guiltyâ entirely on the basis of what Christ has done for us. Catholic teaching on justification makes a change within man part of the cause of our forgiveness. The Joint Declaration does not represent a change in the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. It does nothing to repudiate RomeâÂÂs historic position on the doctrine. The Joint Declaration is nothing more than an ambiguous statement, carefully worded to make it possible for the PopeâÂÂs representatives to sign it without changing, retracting, or correcting anything that has been taught by the Roman Catholic Church since the time of the Council of Trent in the sixteenth century. The Joint Declaration is a compromise. It masquerades as a significant change which brings Roman Catholicism in line with confessional Lutheranism on the teaching of justification. In fact, it is a deception that presents the appearance of agreement without any real substance that would make agreement possible. It is a thinly veiled attempt on the part of ecumenicism to embrace Catholicism. In the final analysis it appears that Rome has moved closer to reattaching what was lost in the sixteenth century without any substantive change in its doctrinal position.
- ^ Joel Gerlach. A Question of Indulgences - Again. WELS. [2017-11-07]. ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂå§Âå 容åÂÂæ¡£äºÂ2014-06-06ï¼ ï¼Âç¾Âå½è±è¯Âï¼Â.
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- Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼ by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch (1857) ï¼Âè±æÂÂï¼Â
- The Popular Commentary of the Bible ï¼Â页é¢åÂÂæ¡£å¤Â份ï¼ÂÃ¥ÂÂäºÂäºÂèÂÂç½Âæ¡£æ¡Âé¦Âï¼Â, by Paul E. Kretzmann (1924) ï¼Âè±æÂÂï¼Â