Ejin Banner

Ejin Banner
额济纳旗ᠡᠵᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
Juyan Lake Wetland Park
Juyan Lake Wetland Park
Location in Alxa
Location in Alxa
Ejin is located in Inner Mongolia
Ejin
Ejin
Location of the seat in Inner Mongolia
Ejin is located in China
Ejin
Ejin
Ejin (China)
Coordinates: 41°44′44″N 100°19′05″E / 41.7456°N 100.318°E / 41.7456; 100.318
CountryChina
Autonomous regionInner Mongolia
LeagueAlxa
Banner seatDalaihob
Area
 • Total114,606 km2 (44,250 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total35,756
 • Density0.31/km2 (0.81/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Area code0483
Websitewww.ejnq.gov.cn
Ejin Banner
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese额济纳旗
Traditional Chinese額濟納旗
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicЭзнээ хошуу
Mongolian scriptᠡᠵᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ

Ejin (Mongolian: ᠡᠵᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ; Chinese: 额济纳旗) is a banner in the far west of Inner Mongolia, China. It is under the administration of Alxa League and is the westernmost county-level division of Inner Mongolia, bordering Gansu province to the west and Mongolia's Bayankhongor and Govi-Altai Provinces. Its seat is located at Dalaihob Town. To the west, it shares a border with Subei Mongol Autonomous County of Jiuquan, Gansu.

Demographics

The proportion of nationalities in Ejin Banner (2020)
Nationality Percentage
Han
81.1%
Mongols
16.6%
Hui People
0.8%
Manchus
0.5%
Tibetans
0.3%
Tujia
0.1%
Miao (Hmong)
0.1%
Tu People
0.1%
Others
0.4%
Source of the population statistics :[2]

History

The area was historically the hunting grounds of the Xiongnu, before being acquired by Han Dynasty in BC 121. The ruins of the ancient city of Khara-Khoto, founded by the Western Xia, are located in Ejin.

Ejin was incorporated into the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan in 1226. During the Yuan Dynasty, the area was home to nomadic Mongol populations. It was later incorporated into the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912). Under the Republic of China, the area was under the jurisdiction of Ningxia province. The area fell under the control of the Communist Party in September 1949. Subsequently, it was placed successively under government commissions in Jiuquan, Zhangye, and Ningxia province.

On June 1, 1956, Ejin became part of the Bayannur League of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center was constructed at around the same time. On May 1, 1980, it became part of the Alxa League. Since the Chinese economic reforms in the 1980s, Ejin rapidly developed its economy. By the early 21st century it became one of the fastest-growing counties in the country measured by GDP.[citation needed]

Geography

Ejin Banner is the westernmost banner of Inner Mongolia. It is located in the Gobi Desert and borders Mongolia in the north, Gansu Province in the southwest, and Alxa Right Banner in the southeast.

Ejin Banner is geographically vast — approximately the size of South Korea, it covers an area larger than each of the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

Ejin Banner takes its name from the Ejin River, also known as the Ruo Shui, which flows from the Qilian Mountains of Gansu, and whose two distributaries terminate in Juyan Lake Basin within Ejin Banner. Most of the banner's population resides in this river's valley.

Climate

Climate data for Ejin Banner (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −3.2
(26.2)
3.2
(37.8)
11.5
(52.7)
20.6
(69.1)
27.2
(81.0)
32.8
(91.0)
35.1
(95.2)
32.8
(91.0)
26.5
(79.7)
17.4
(63.3)
6.8
(44.2)
−2.0
(28.4)
17.4
(63.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −10.4
(13.3)
−4.5
(23.9)
3.7
(38.7)
12.8
(55.0)
19.7
(67.5)
25.6
(78.1)
28.0
(82.4)
25.5
(77.9)
18.6
(65.5)
9.2
(48.6)
−0.5
(31.1)
−8.7
(16.3)
9.9
(49.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −16.3
(2.7)
−11.2
(11.8)
−3.1
(26.4)
5.3
(41.5)
11.7
(53.1)
17.8
(64.0)
20.7
(69.3)
18.4
(65.1)
11.6
(52.9)
2.7
(36.9)
−6.2
(20.8)
−14.2
(6.4)
3.1
(37.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.4
(0.02)
0.2
(0.01)
1.8
(0.07)
2.2
(0.09)
2.1
(0.08)
4.9
(0.19)
9.1
(0.36)
9.6
(0.38)
5.3
(0.21)
3.3
(0.13)
0.3
(0.01)
0.4
(0.02)
39.6
(1.57)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.9 1.5 2.5 4.9 3.7 2.0 0.9 0.5 0.9 19.7
Average snowy days 1.5 0.7 0.9 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.9 1.6 5.9
Average relative humidity (%) 48 34 26 21 20 25 31 32 31 33 40 48 32
Mean monthly sunshine hours 223.7 227.5 268.5 293.0 328.8 323.8 323.2 310.4 295.5 280.0 225.1 213.4 3,312.9
Percent possible sunshine 75 75 72 72 73 71 71 74 80 83 78 76 75
Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][4]
Climate data for Guaizihu, Ejin Banner (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −3.4
(25.9)
2.9
(37.2)
11.3
(52.3)
20.6
(69.1)
27.4
(81.3)
32.9
(91.2)
35.3
(95.5)
33.0
(91.4)
26.6
(79.9)
17.4
(63.3)
6.9
(44.4)
−2.0
(28.4)
17.4
(63.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −10.7
(12.7)
−5.0
(23.0)
3.3
(37.9)
12.8
(55.0)
20.0
(68.0)
26.0
(78.8)
28.4
(83.1)
26.0
(78.8)
19.0
(66.2)
9.5
(49.1)
−0.3
(31.5)
−8.7
(16.3)
10.0
(50.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −16.4
(2.5)
−11.5
(11.3)
−3.8
(25.2)
5.3
(41.5)
12.1
(53.8)
18.2
(64.8)
21.1
(70.0)
18.8
(65.8)
12.2
(54.0)
3.0
(37.4)
−5.9
(21.4)
−14.1
(6.6)
3.3
(37.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.6
(0.02)
0.5
(0.02)
1.6
(0.06)
2.5
(0.10)
3.1
(0.12)
6.7
(0.26)
13.3
(0.52)
11.6
(0.46)
7.7
(0.30)
2.3
(0.09)
0.6
(0.02)
0.6
(0.02)
51.1
(1.99)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.4 2.5 4.1 3.2 2.6 1.0 0.4 0.8 19
Average snowy days 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.9 1.5 5.9
Average relative humidity (%) 49 35 26 19 19 23 30 31 30 30 39 49 32
Mean monthly sunshine hours 231.6 232.0 271.8 295.0 330.5 327.2 324.6 313.6 291.8 283.7 236.4 224.6 3,362.8
Percent possible sunshine 78 77 73 73 73 72 71 74 79 84 81 79 76
Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][5]

Administrative divisions

Ejin Banner is divided into 2 subdistricts, 4 towns and 6 sums.

Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Mongolian (Hudum Script) Mongolian (Cyrillic) Administrative division code
Subdistricts
Hangkong Subdistrict 航空街道 Hángkōng Jiēdào ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Агаарын аялал зээл гудамж 152923001
Dongfeng Subdistrict 东风街道 Dōngfēng Jiēdào ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Дүн фен зээл гудамж 152923002
Towns
Dalai Hob Town 达来呼布镇 Dáláihūbù Zhèn ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢᠬᠥ᠋ᠪ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Тэлийхэв балгас 152923100
Dongfeng Town 东风镇 Dōngfēng Zhèn ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Дүн фен балгас 152923101
Har Burgdin Ul Town 哈日布日格德音乌拉镇 Hārìbùrìgédéyīnwūlā Zhèn ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Хар бүргэдийн уул балгас 152923102
Ceke Town 策克镇 Cèkè Zhèn ᠴᠡᠺᠡ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Цака балгас 152923103
Sums
Saihan Toroi Sum 赛汉陶来苏木 Sàihàntáolái Sūmù ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Сайхандуурай сум 152923200
Mazongshan Sum 马鬃山苏木 Mǎzōngshān Sūmù ᠮᠠᠽᠦ᠋ᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Мазншин сум 152923201
Sub Nur Sum 苏泊淖尔苏木 Sūbónào'ěr Sūmù ᠰᠤᠪᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Сувнуур сум 152923202
Bayan Toroi Sum 巴彦陶来苏木 Bāyàntáolái Sūmù ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Баяндуурай сум 152923203
Ungt Gol Sum 温图高勒苏木 Wēntúgāolè Sūmù ᠦᠩᠲᠦᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Өнтуул сум 152923204
Bayan Tohoi Sum 巴音陶海苏木 Bāyīntáohǎi Sūmù ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ Баяндахуй сум 152923205

Transportation

Ejin Banner is served by the Ejin Banner Taolai Airport.

Train transportation is provided by Jiayuguan–Ceke and the Linhe–Ceke railways, which are primarily used to haul coal that has been trucked from Nariin Sukhait mining complex in Mongolia to Ceke and is loaded on trains at the coal terminals there. Passenger service exists on this railway; as of 2015 there is daily passenger service between Ejin and the regional capital Hohhot, which takes approximately 16 hours.[6]

There is also a railway south to both sites (northern and southern) of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, which are also located within Ejin Banner.

See also

References

  1. ^ Inner Mongolia: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
  2. ^ 内蒙古自治区第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室、内蒙古自治区统计局. "内蒙古人口普查年鉴-2020".
  3. ^ a b 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  4. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  5. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  6. ^ Ejin station schedule (in Chinese)

External links