Padma Vibhushan

Padma Vibhushan-medlaj

Padma Vibhushan är Indiens näst högsta civila utmärkelse. Priset består av en medalj och ett citat och delas ut av Indiens president. Det fastställdes den 2 januari 1954. Det rankas efter Bharat Ratna och före Padma Bhushan. Det delas ut till personer som på något sätt tjänat nationen på ett högre plan, inklusive statlig tjänstgöring.[1]

Historia

Priset inrättades genom ett presidentdekret den 2 januari 1954. Padma Vibhushan upprättades ursprungligen som "Pahela Varg" (Första klass) i en tre-klassig Padma Vibhushan-prisskala. Strukturen ändrades emellertid under 1955 och det finns inga uppgifter om att priset skulle presenteras till mottagare enligt den ursprungliga strukturen. Utmärkelsen delades inte ut mellan 1978 och 1979 och inte heller mellan 1993 och 1997.[1]

I slutet av 2009, har 264 människor tilldelats denna ära.[2][3]

Pristagare

År Namn
1954 Satyendranath Bose
Zakir Hussain
Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher
Jigme Dorje Wangchuck
Nand Lal Bose
V. K. Krishna Menon
1955 Dhondo Keshav Karve
Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata
1956 Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi
Fazal Ali
Jankibai Bajaj
1957 Ghanshyam Das Birla
Motilal Chimanlal Setalvad
Shriprakash
1959 John Matthai
Radhnobinod Pal
Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta
1960 Naryana Raghvan Pillai
1962 V. R. Krishna Iyer
Padmaja Naidu
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
1963 A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar
Suniti Kumar Chatterji
Hari Vinayak Pataskar
1964 Gopinath Kaviraj
Acharya Kalelkar
1965 Arjan Singh
Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri
Mehdi Nawaz Jung
1966 Valerian Kardinal Gracias
1967 Bhola Nath Jha
Chandra Kisan Daphtary
Hafix Mohammed Ibrahim
Pattadakal Venkanna R. Rao
1968 Mahadev Srihari Ane
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
K. Vaidyanatha Kalyana Sundaram
Kripal Singh
1969 Har Gobind Khorana
Mohan Sinha Mehta
Dattatraya Shridhar Joshi
Ghananand Pande
Rajeshwar Dayal
1970 Binay Ranjan Sen
Tara Chand
Paramasiva Prabhakar Kumaramangalam
Suranjan Das
Harbaksh Singh
A. Rameswami Mudaliar
Anthony Lancelot Dias
1971 Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar
Balaram Sivaraman
Bimal Prasad Chaliha
Uday Shankar
Sumati Morarjee
Allauddin Khan
1972 S. M. Nanda
Pratap Chandra Lal
Aditya Nath Jha
Jivraj N. Mehta
P. Balacharya Gajendragadkar
Vikram Sarabhai
Sam Manekshaw
Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
Hormasji Maneckji Seervai
1973 Daulat Singh Kothari
Nagendra Singh
Tirumalrao Swaminathan
U. N. Dhebar
Basanti Devi
Nellie Sengupta
1974 V. Kasturi Ranga Varadarja Rao
Binode Behari Mukherjee
Harish Chandra Sarin
Niren De
1975 Basanti Dulal Nag Chaudhuri
Chintaman Dwarkanath Deshmukh
Durgabai Deshmukh
Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey
Raja Ramanna
Homi Nusserwanji Sethna
M. S. Subbulakshmi
Mary Clubwala Jadhav
1976 Bashir Hussain Zaidi
Kalpathi Ramakrishna Ramanathan
Kalu Lal Shrimali
Giani Gurmukh Singh Mussafir
Keshava Shankar Pillai
Salim Moizuddin Ali Abdul
Satyajit Ray
1977 Om Prakash Mehra
Ajudhia Nath Khosla
Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee
Ali Yavar Jung
Chandreshwar Prasad Narayan Singh
T. Balasaraswati
1980 Rai Krishnadasa
Bismillah Khan
1981 Satish Dhawan
Ravi Shankar
1982 Mira Behn
1985 C. N. R. Rao
Mambillikalathil Kumar Menon
1986 Autar Singh Paintal
Birju Maharaj
Murlidhar Devidas Amte
1987 Benjamin Peary Pal
Manmohan Singh
Arun Shridhar Vaidya
Kamladevi Chattopadhyay
1988 Kuppalli Venkatappa Puttappa
Mirza Hameedullah Beg
1989 M. S. Swaminathan
Umashankar Dikshit
Ali Akbar Khan
1990 A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer
Vallmpadugai Srinivasa Raghavan Arunachalam
Bhabatosh Dutta
Sirivaputra Sidhram Komkali
Triloki Nath Chaturvedi
1991 Indraprasad Gordhanbhai Patel
Mangalampalli Balamurali Krishna
Hirendra Nath Mukherjee
N. G. Ranga
Rajaram Shastri
Gulzarilal Nanda
Khusro Faramurz Rustamji
Maqbul Fida Husain
1992 Mallikarjun Bheemarayappa Mansur
Rajaram Vankudre Shantaram
Sivaramakrishna Iyer Padmavati
Lakshmanshastri Joshi
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Govinddas Shroff
Kaloji Narayana Rao
Ravi Narayan Reddy
Swaran Singh
Aruna Asaf Ali
1998 Lakshmi Sehgal
Usha Mehta
Nani Ardeshir Palkhivala
Walter Sisulu
1999 Rajagopala Chidambaram
Sarvepalli Gopal
Verghese Kurien
Hans Raj Khanna
V. R. Krishna Iyer
Lata Mangeshkar
Bhimsen Joshi
Braj Kumar Nehru
Dharma Vira
Lallan Prasad Singh
Nana Deshmukh
Pandurang Shastri Athavale
Satish Gujral
D. K. Pattammal
2000 Krishen Behari Lall
Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan
Manohar Singh Gill
Kelucharan Mohapatra
Hariprasad Chaurasia
Jasraj
Jagdish Natwarlal Bhagwati
K. N. Raj
Bhairab Dutt Pande
Maidavolu Narasmiham
R. K. Narayan
Sikander Bakht
Tarlok Singh
2001 C. R. Rao
Chakravarthi Vijayaraghava Narasimhan
Shiv Kumar Sharma
Man Mohan Sharma
Amjad Ali Khan
Benjamin Arthur Gilman
Hosei Norota
Hrishikesh Mukherjee
John Kenneth Galbraith
Kotta Satchidananda Murty
Zubin Mehta
2002 Chakravthi Rangarajan
Gangubai Hangal
Kishan Maharaj
Soli Jehangir Sorabjee
Kishori Amonkar
2003 Bal Ram Nanda
Kazi Lhendup Dorji Khangsarpa
Sonal Mansingh
Bhrihaspati Dev Triguna
2004 Manepalli Narayana Rao Venkatachaliah
Amrita Pritam
Jayant Narlikar
2005 B. K. Goyal
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2006 Norman Borlaug
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2007 Raja Jesudoss Chelliah
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George Sudarshan
2008 Viswanathan Anand
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2009 Chandrika Prasad Srivastava
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2010 Ebrahim Alkazi
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2012 K. G. Subramanyan
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2013 Yash Pal
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2014 Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
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2015 Lal Krishna Advani
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2016 V. K. Aatre
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Referenser