大蚊科

大蚊科; 化石时期：白堊紀早期至今，126–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Tipula maxima，廣泛分布於歐洲
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲：	昆虫纲 Insecta
目：	雙翅目 Diptera
亚目：	長角亞目 Nematocera
下目：	大蚊下目 Tipulomorpha
总科：	大蚊总科 Tipuloidea
科：	大蚊科 Tipulidae; Latreille（英语：Pierre André Latreille）, 1802
亞科
	櫛大蚊亞科 Ctenophorinae; 長大蚊亞科 Dolichopezinae; 大蚊亞科 Tipulinae; 亮大蚊亞科 Limoniinae;
	截至2008年，各生物地理分區已知的大蚊科物種數量

大蚊科（学名：Tipulidae）是昆虫纲双翅目大蚊总科下的一科。该科遍布世界各地，不过个别种只会在少数地区见到。热带地区的大蚊种类最为丰富，此外更靠北的地区也较为常见。^[2]

下级分类

本科包括以下属：

Abitagua Alexander, 1944
Acracantha Skuse, 1890
Acutipula Alexander, 1924
Aeshnasoma Johnson, 1909
Afrodolichopeza Alexander, 1956
Alcheringa Theischinger, 1994
Alophroida Rondani, 1856
Amalopinodes Alexander, 1950
Anchimongoma Brunetti, 1918
Angarotipula Savchenko, 1961
Apeilesis Macquart, 1846
Araucolimnophila Alexander, 1940
Arctotipula Alexander, 1933
Atopolimnophila Alexander, 1972
Aurotipula Alexander, 1924
Austrolimnobia Alexander, 1922
Austromolophilus Theischinger, 1988
Austrotipula Alexander, 1920
Bellardina Edwards, 1931
Beringotipula Savchenko, 1961
Bistromolophilus Theischinger, 1999
Brachypremna Osten Sacken, 1887
Brevicera Miller, 1945
Brithura Edwards, 1916
Caenarthria Thomson, 1869
Campbellomyia Alexander, 1925
Ceratocheilus Wesché, 1910
Ceratolimnobia Alexander, 1920
Ceratostephanus Brunetti, 1911
Cerezodia
Cerozodia Westwood, 1835
Chlorotipula Alexander, 1924
Claduroides Brunetti, 1911
Clytocosmus Skuse, 1890
Cnemoncosis Enderlein, 1921
Conithorax Brunetti, 1918
Ctenerioptera Alexander, 1961
Ctenogyna Macquart, 1838
Ctenophora Meigen, 1803
Cygnomyia Theischinger, 1994
Dendrotipula Savchenko, 1961
Dicranoptycha Coquillett, 1910
Dictenidia Brulle, 1833
Diplomolophilus Theischinger, 1992
Doaneomyia Alexander, 1921
Dolichopeza Curtis, 1825
Elephantomyina Alexander, 1938
Elnoretta Alexander, 1929
Ephiphragma
Esakiomyia Alexander, 1925
Euamalopina Alexander, 1950
Eucyphona Alexander, 1940
Eudactylolabis Alexander, 1950
Eudolichopeza Alexander, 1956
Eufurina Alexander, 1946
Euhexatoma Alexander, 1936
Eumicrotipula Alexander, 1922
Euramphidia
Euteucholabis Alexander, 1947
Euvaldiviana Alexander, 1981
Furina Jaennicke, 1867
Goniotipula Alexander, 1921
Gonomyiella Kuntze, 1919
Gonomyiella Meunier, 1899
Gressittomyia Alexander, 1936
Habrolimnophila Alexander, 1968
Habromastix Skuse, 1890
Hexamera Schilling, 1827
Holorusia Loew, 1863
Hoploerioptera Alexander, 1953
Hovapeza Alexander, 1951
Hovatipula Alexander, 1955
Idiotipula Alexander, 1921
Indolimnophila Alexander, 1968
Indotipula Edwards, 1931
Ischnotoma Skuse, 1890
Kakatipula Alexander, 1971
Keiseromyia Alexander, 1963
Kowarzia Thalhammer, 1900
Lasiolimonia Alexander, 1976
Leiponeura Skuse, 1890
Lepidocyphona Alexander, 1972
Leptoarsus
瘦腹大蚊属 Leptotarsus Guerin-Meneville, 1831
Leptotipula Alexander, 1917
Limnophilaspis Alexander, 1950
Lipophragma Alexander, 1978
Lunatipula Edwards, 1931
Lyriomolophilus Theischinger, 1988
Macgregoromyia Alexander, 1929
Macquartia Zetterstedt, 1838
Macromastix Osten-Sacken, 1886
Macromastrix
Macroptera Lioy, 1863
Macrothorax Jaennicke, 1867
Maekistocera Wiedemann, 1821
Mammuthonasus Theischinger, 1994
Manapsis Scudder, 1894
Maoritipula Alexander, 1924
Mediophragma Alexander, 1954
Mediotipula Pierre, 1924
Megalipophleps Alexander, 1971
Megistocera Wiedemann, 1828
Metalibnotes Alexander, 1972
Metaula Alexander, 1950
Microtipula Alexander, 1912
Mitopeza Edwards, 1916
Mongomioides Brunetti, 1911
Monophilus
Nealexandriaria
Neolibnotes Alexander, 1972
Neomongoma Alexander, 1919
Neotipula Alexander, 1940
Nephrotoma Meigen, 1803
Nephrotomodes Alexander, 1946
Nesciomyia Theischinger, 1994
Neserioptera Alexander, 1956
Nesopeza Alexander, 1914
Nesormosia Alexander, 1923
Nesotipula Alexander, 1921
Nigrotipula Hutson & Vane-Wright, 1969
Onychomolophilus Theischinger, 1992
Orithea Meigen, 1800
Orolimnophila Alexander, 1921
Oromyia Alexander, 1913
Oropeza Needham, 1908
Ozodicera Macquart, 1834
Pandamyia Theischinger, 1994
Paragymnastes Alexander, 1922
Paralibnotes Alexander, 1972
Paraormosia Alexander, 1965
Parepiphragma Alexander, 1960
Pectinotipula Alexander, 1920
Pehlkea Enderlein, 1912
Pentacyphona Alexander, 1968
Phacelodocera Enderlein, 1912
Phoroctenia Coquillett, 1910
Phragmocrypta Alexander, 1956
Phymatopsis Skuse, 1890
Pilaris
Platyphasia Skuse, 1890
Plesiomongoma Brunetti, 1918
Plusiomyia Skuse, 1890
Polymaria
Prionocera Loew, 1844
Prionota Van der Wulp, 1885
Proantocha Alexander, 1919
Procryptolabis Alexander, 1923
Prohelius Alexander, 1975
Promongoma Alexander, 1938
Protanyptera Savchenko, 1973
Pselliophora Osten Sacken, 1887
Pseuderioptera Alexander, 1975
Pterelachisus Rondani, 1842
Ptilogyna Westwood, 1835
Ptilostena Bergroth, 1913
Ptilostenodes Alexander, 1931
Ramagonomyia Alexander, 1968
Ramatipula Alexander, 1971
Sackeniella Meunier, 1895
Scamboneura Osten Sacken, 1882
Scepasma Enderlein, 1917
Schummelia Edwards, 1931
Semnotes Westwood, 1876
Sinoropeza Alexander, 1935
Sinotipula Alexander, 1935
Sivagonomyia Alexander, 1968
Sphaerionotus de Meijere, 1919
Superbomolophilus Theischinger, 1988
Taiwanita Alexander, 1929
Tanypremna Osten Sacken, 1886
Tanypremnella Alexander, 1938
Tanyptera Latreille, 1804
Tasiocerodes Alexander, 1957
Teucherioptera Alexander, 1972
大蚊属 Tipula Linnaeus, 1758
Tipularia Weyenbergh, 1869
Tipulodina Enderlein, 1912
Tipunia Krzeminski & Ansorge, 1995
Trentepholia
Trentepobila
Trichodolichopeza Alexander, 1917
Tricholimnophila Alexander, 1928
Trichomolophilus Alexander, 1936
Valdiviana Alexander, 1929
Vestiplex Bezzi, 1924
Xenotipola
Xenotipula Alexander, 1921
Xipholimnobia Alexander, 1921
Xiphuromorpha Savchenko, 1973
Zelandotipula Alexander, 1922

参考资料

^ Ribeiro, G. C.; Lukashevich, E. D. New Leptotarsus from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and Spain: the oldest members of the family Tipulidae (Diptera). Zootaxa. 2014, 3753 (4): 347–363. ISSN 1175-5326. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3753.4.4.
^ Pritchard, G. Biology of Tipulidae (PDF). Annual Review of Entomology. 1983, 28 (1): 1–22 [2019-09-22]. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.28.010183.000245. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-01-12）.

扩展阅读

Identification

Pierre C.,1924, Diptères: Tipulidae Faune de France n° 8 Bibliotheque Virtuelle Numerique Out of date but online at no cost. In French.
R. L. Coe, Paul Freeman & P. F. Mattingly Nematocera: families Tipulidae to Chironomidae (Tipulidae). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects（英语：Royal Entomological Society Handbooks） Vol 9 Part 2 i. pdf download manual Out of date but online at no cost
J.F. McAlpine, B.V. Petersen, G.E. Shewell, H.J. Teskey, J.R. Vockeroth, D.M. Wood. Eds. 1987 Manual of Nearctic Diptera Volume 1 Research Branch Agriculture Canada, 1987 pdf key to Nearctic genera
E. N. Savchenko Family Tipulidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya（英语：Grigory Bey-Bienko）, 1988 Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition. Keys to Palaearctic species but now needs revision.

外部链接

Ohioline.osu.edu, Ohio State University Fact Sheet
Family Tipulidae at EOL （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
IZ.carnegiemnh.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Crane Flies of Pennsylvania, Extensive Specimen Collection, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
NLBIF.eti.uva.nl （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Catalog of Craneflies of the World
Diptera.info （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Image Gallery
BugGuide.net（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, photo gallery, many species
Gaga.jes.mlc.edu.tw, Tipulidae of Taiwan （中文）, with images under Latin binomials
Insects.tamu.edu （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Texas A&M Entomology Field Guide

物种列表

West Palaearctic including Russia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Australasian/Oceanian （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Nearctic （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Japan

[Ribeiro-1] Ribeiro, G. C.; Lukashevich, E. D. New Leptotarsus from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and Spain: the oldest members of the family Tipulidae (Diptera). Zootaxa. 2014, 3753 (4): 347–363. ISSN 1175-5326. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3753.4.4.

[pritch-2] Pritchard, G. Biology of Tipulidae (PDF). Annual Review of Entomology. 1983, 28 (1): 1–22 [2019-09-22]. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.28.010183.000245. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-01-12）.

[1]

[2]