鏷的同位素
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標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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鏷的同位素均具有放射性,其中最穩定的為231Pa,質量数在231以下的同位素主要發生α衰變生成錒,而質量数超過231的主要發生β衰變生成鈾。
圖表
符號 | 歷史 名稱 |
Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素質量(u) | 半衰期 | 衰變 方式[2][n 1] |
衰變 產物[n 2] |
原子核 自旋 |
相對豐度 (莫耳分率) |
相對豐度 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激發能量 | ||||||||||
212Pa | 91 | 121 | 212.02320(8) | 8(5) ms [5.1(+61−19) ms] |
7+# | |||||
213Pa | 91 | 122 | 213.02111(8) | 7(3) ms [5.3(+40−16) ms] |
α | 209Ac | 9/2−# | |||
214Pa | 91 | 123 | 214.02092(8) | 17(3) ms | α | 210Ac | ||||
215Pa | 91 | 124 | 215.01919(9) | 14(2) ms | α | 211Ac | 9/2−# | |||
216Pa | 91 | 125 | 216.01911(8) | 105(12) ms | α (80%) | 212Ac | ||||
β+ (20%) | 216Th | |||||||||
217Pa | 91 | 126 | 217.01832(6) | 3.48(9) ms | α | 213Ac | 9/2−# | |||
217mPa | 1860(7) keV | 1.08(3) ms | α | 213Ac | 29/2+# | |||||
IT (不常見) | 217Pa | |||||||||
218Pa | 91 | 127 | 218.020042(26) | 0.113(1) ms | α | 214Ac | ||||
219Pa | 91 | 128 | 219.01988(6) | 53(10) ns | α | 215Ac | 9/2− | |||
β+ (5×10−9%) | 219Th | |||||||||
220Pa | 91 | 129 | 220.02188(6) | 780(160) ns | α | 216Ac | 1−# | |||
221Pa | 91 | 130 | 221.02188(6) | 4.9(8) µs | α | 217Ac | 9/2− | |||
222Pa | 91 | 131 | 222.02374(8)# | 3.2(3) ms | α | 218Ac | ||||
223Pa | 91 | 132 | 223.02396(8) | 5.1(6) ms | α | 219Ac | ||||
β+ (.001%) | 223Th | |||||||||
224Pa | 91 | 133 | 224.025626(17) | 844(19) ms | α (99.9%) | 220Ac | 5−# | |||
β+ (.1%) | 224Th | |||||||||
225Pa | 91 | 134 | 225.02613(8) | 1.7(2) s | α | 221Ac | 5/2−# | |||
226Pa | 91 | 135 | 226.027948(12) | 1.8(2) min | α (74%) | 222Ac | ||||
β+ (26%) | 226Th | |||||||||
227Pa | 91 | 136 | 227.028805(8) | 38.3(3) min | α (85%) | 223Ac | (5/2−) | |||
ε (15%) | 227Th | |||||||||
228Pa | 91 | 137 | 228.031051(5) | 22(1) h | β+ (98.15%) | 228Th | 3+ | |||
α (1.85%) | 224Ac | |||||||||
229Pa | 91 | 138 | 229.0320968(30) | 1.50(5) d | ε (99.52%) | 229Th | (5/2+) | |||
α (.48%) | 225Ac | |||||||||
229mPa | 11.6(3) keV | 420(30) ns | 3/2− | |||||||
230Pa | 91 | 139 | 230.034541(4) | 17.4(5) d | β+ (91.6%) | 230Th | (2−) | |||
β− (8.4%) | 230U | |||||||||
α (.00319%) | 226Ac | |||||||||
231Pa | Protoactinium | 91 | 140 | 231.0358840(24) | 3.276(11)×104 y | α | 227Ac | 3/2− | 1.0000[n 3] | |
CD (1.34×10−9%) | 207Tl 24Ne | |||||||||
SF (3×10−10%) | (various) | |||||||||
CD (10−12%) | 208Pb 23F | |||||||||
232Pa | 91 | 141 | 232.038592(8) | 1.31(2) d | β− | 232U | (2−) | |||
ε (.003%) | 232Th | |||||||||
233Pa | 91 | 142 | 233.0402473(23) | 26.975(13) d | β− | 233U | 3/2− | |||
234Pa | Uranium Z | 91 | 143 | 234.043308(5) | 6.70(5) h | β− | 234U | 4+ | Trace[n 4] | |
SF (3×10−10%) | (various) | |||||||||
234mPa | Uranium X2 Brevium |
78(3) keV | 1.17(3) min | β− (99.83%) | 234U | (0−) | Trace[n 4] | |||
IT (.16%) | 234Pa | |||||||||
SF (10−10%) | (various) | |||||||||
235Pa | 91 | 144 | 235.04544(5) | 24.44(11) min | β− | 235U | (3/2−) | |||
236Pa | 91 | 145 | 236.04868(21) | 9.1(1) min | β− | 236U | 1(−) | |||
β−, SF (6×10−8%) | (various) | |||||||||
237Pa | 91 | 146 | 237.05115(11) | 8.7(2) min | β− | 237U | (1/2+) | |||
238Pa | 91 | 147 | 238.05450(6) | 2.27(9) min | β− | 238U | (3−)# | |||
β−, SF (2.6×10−6%) | (various) | |||||||||
239Pa | 91 | 148 | 239.05726(21)# | 1.8(5) h | β− | 239U | (3/2)(−#) | |||
240Pa | 91 | 149 | 240.06098(32)# | 2# min | β− | 240U |
備註:畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的證明,只是理論推測而已,而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
釷的同位素 | 鏷的同位素 | 鈾的同位素 |
註釋
- ^ Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission - ^ Stable isotopes in bold
- ^ Intermediate decay product of 235U
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Intermediate decay product of 238U
参考文獻
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语).
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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