Yaren Gusii

Yaren Gusii
Baƙaƙen rubutu
 Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3 guz
Glottolog gusi1247[1]

Harshen Gusii(wanda aka fi sani da Ekegusii) yare ne na Bantu da ake magana a yankunan Kisii da Nyamira a Nyanza Kenya, wanda hedkwatar ta ke Kisii Town,(tsakanin Kavirondo Gulf na Tafkin Victoria da iyakar da Tanzania). Mutane miliyan 2.2 ne ke magana da shi (kamar yadda ya faru a shekara ta 2009), galibi daga cikin Abagusii. Ekegusii yana da yare guda biyu kawai: yarukan Rogoro da Maate. A fannin sauti, sun bambanta a cikin magana da /t/ . Yawancin bambance-bambance da ke tsakanin yarukan biyu suna da ƙamus. .Harsunan biyu na iya komawa ga abu ɗaya ko abu ta amfani da kalmomi daban-daban. Misali na wannan shine kalmar cat. Yayinda wani yaren ya kira cat ekemoni, ɗayan ya kira shi ekebusi. Ana iya samun wani misali mai kyau a cikin kalmar takalma. Duk da yake kalmar Rogoro don takalma ita ce Kidiripasi, kalmar yaren Maate ita ce chitaratara . Yawancin bambance-bambance na ƙamus suna bayyana a cikin harshe. Ana magana da yaren Maate a Tabaka da Bogirango . Yawancin sauran yankuna suna amfani da yaren Rogoro, wanda kuma shine yaren Ekegusii.

Sauti

Sautin sautin

Gusii yana da wasula bakwai. Tsawon wasula ya bambanta, watau kalmomin 'bór' don rasa da 'bóór' don faɗi an rarrabe su da tsawon wasula kawai.

Lissafin sauti na wasula a cikin Gusii
A gaba Tsakiya Komawa
Kusa i u
Tsakanin Tsakiya da kuma o
Bude-tsakiya ɛ Owu
Bude a

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

A cikin tebur da ke ƙasa, an haɗa alamomin orthographic tsakanin ƙuƙwalwa idan sun bambanta da alamomin IPA. Lura musamman amfani /j/ 'y' don IPA / j/, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin rubutun Afirka. Lokacin da alamomi suka bayyana a nau'i-nau'i, wanda ke dama yana wakiltar murya mai sauti.

Lissafin sauti na ƙamus a cikin Gusii
bakinsa alveolar baki mai tsaro
plosive   t   k 
Afríku     tʃ  
fricative β s   ɣ
hanci m n ɲ ŋ
murfin   ɾ    
Kimanin w   j  
Lissafin sauti na ƙamus a cikin Gusii
bakinsa alveolar baki mai tsaro
plosive p  t d  K ɡ 
Afríku     tʃ  
fricative β s   ɣ
hanci m n ɲ ŋ
murfin   ɾ    
Kimanin w   j  

Wadannan Sauye-sauyen morphophonological suna faruwa:

  • n+r = [nd]
  • n+b = [mb]
  • n+g = [ŋɡ]
  • n+k = [ŋk]
  • n+c = [ntʃ]
  • n+s = [ns]
  • n+m = [mː]

Harshen Gusii yana da ma'anar 'b' wanda ba a fahimta ba a matsayin tsayawar bilabial kamar yadda yake a cikin 'bat' amma a matsayin fricative bilabial Kamar yadda yake a kalmomi kamar baba, baminto, abana.

Harshen Ekegusii Harshen

Harshen Ekegusii (Kenya) [2]
Harshen Ekegusii A B C D E Ni G H Na K M N O Ö R S T U W Y ei watau Ni Ya kasance - - - - -
Wakilin Ekegusii Mb Bwakin mbw Ch Nch Chw Nchw Nd Ndw Ng Gw Ngw Ng' Ng'w Babu Nyw Nk Kw Nkw Mw Nw Rw Ns Sw Nsw Nt Tw Ntw Yw

Kwalejin Ekegusii Noun

Samfurori 1

Kwalejin Ekegusii
Ɗalibin Mai banbanci Haske Yawancin mutane Haske
1 omo-aba omonto mutum / mutum ya kasance mutane / mutane
2 Kai ne omotwe kai a cikin tufafi kai
3 e-ch Eng'ombe saniya Chiombe shanu
4 Aege-ebi egekombe kofin ebikombe kofuna
5 ri-ama ritunda 'Ya'yan itace amatunda 'ya'yan itace
6 o-o Bincike tsoro Bincike tsoro
7 e-e ekegusii ekegusii ----------- -----------
8 Ama-ama Amabere madara Amabere madara
9 omo-i-seke

Omishe

yarinya aba-i-seke 'yan mata
10 -------------- ------------

Tsarin Lissafi na Ekegusii

Misali 2

Tsarin Lissafi na Ekegusii
Adadin Karatu Ma'anar Adadin Karatu Ma'anar
1 eyemo 1 11 ikomi nemo 10+1
2 ibere 2 12 ikomi na ibere 10+2
3 isato 3 13 ikomi na isato 10+3
4 Inje 4 14 ikomi nainye 10+4
5 Kashi biyar 5 15 ikomi na biyar 10+5
6 Ba da biyar 5+1 16 ikomi a cikin biyar nemo 10+5+1
7 a cikin biyar ibere 5+2 17 ikomi na isano na ibere 10+5+2
8 na biyar isato 5+3 18 ikomi na isano na isato 10+5+3
9 kianda 9 19 ikomi na kianda 10+9
10 ikomi 10 20 Emerongo ta yi godiya 20

Misalai na samfurori

Turanci Ekegusii
Safiya Mai Kyau Bwakire buya
Daɗi mai kyau Obotuko obuya
Shugaban omotwe
Kunnuwa ogoto
Ruwa amache
maraice Magoroba
kakan sokoro
don sanin komanya
zuwa madara gokama
jaki yaƙi
Duniya ense ense
Gida Mai amfani
Ƙasar inka
A yau Maimaitawa
Rana Rashin dariya
Karnuka shi ne
Tsaya -tenena
Sanin -manya
Duba -rora
Upside / Arewa / Hillside rogoro
Tafkin / Tekun enyancha
Hamada eroro
Mai gwagwarmaya omorwani
Ku juya sama -garagara
Madara Amabere
Ita 'yar akuya esibeni
Ta'addanci esike
Uwargidan omosubati
Girbi A cikinsa
Kiran Ruwa
Tafiya Tara

Bayanan littattafai

Bickmore, Lee

  • 1997. Matsalolin da ke tattare da hana sautin da ya bazu a Ekegusii. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] 102, shafuffuka na 265-290. 
  • 1998. Metathesis da Dokar Dahl a cikin Ekegusii . Nazarin a cikin Kimiyya ta Harshe, Vol. 28:2, shafuffuka na 149-168. 
  • 1999. Babban Tone Yaduwa a cikin Ekegusii Revisited: Asusun Ka'idar Kyakkyawan . [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] 109, shafi na 109-153. 

Cammenga da Jelle

  • 2002 Phonology da morphology na Ekegusii: harshen Bantu na Kenya. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.

Mista, Abel Y.

  • 2008. Kisimbiti: Msamiati wa Kisimbiti-Ki Anglo-Kiswahili na Ki Anglo-Kisimbiti-Kiswahile / Simbiti-English-Swahili da Ingilishi-Simbiti-Swahile Lexicon. Harsunan Tanzania Project, LOT Littattafai Lexicon Series 7, 106 pp., . 

[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9]

  • 2011. Sauti a cikin Ekegusii: Bayani na Nominal da Verbal Tonology . Jami'ar California, Santa Barbara .

Nyauncho, Osinde K.

  • 1988. Ekegusii morphophonology: bincike kan manyan matakai na consonantal. Jami'ar Nairobi.

[Hasiya]

  • 1956 Gabatarwa mai amfani ga Gusii. Dar es Salaam/Nairobi/Kampala: Ofishin Littattafan Gabashin Afirka. Ana samunsa a nan
  • 1960 Tsarin lokaci na Gusii. Kampala: Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a ta Gabashin Afirka.
  • 1974 Harshe a Kenya. Nairobi: Jami'ar Oxford Press.

Dubi kuma

Manazarta

  1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Gusii". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. ↑ Rhonda L. Hartell, ed. 1993. The Alphabets of Africa. Dakar: UNESCO and Summer Institute of Linguistics

Haɗin waje

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