T. S. Eliot

T. S. Eliot
Eliot pada 1934 oleh Lady Ottoline Morrell
Eliot pada 1934 oleh Lady Ottoline Morrell
LahirThomas Stearns Eliot
(1888-09-26)26 September 1888
St. Louis, Missouri, A.S.
Meninggal dunia4 Januari 1965(1965-01-04) (umur 76)
Kensington, London, England
PekerjaanPenyair, dramatis, pengkritik sastera, penyunting
WarganegaraAmerican (sehingga 1927)
British (1927–1965)
PendidikanAB dalam falsafah (Harvard, 1909)
PhD (cand) dalam falsafah (Harvard, 1915–16)[1]
Alma materHarvard University
Merton College, Oxford
Tempoh1905–1965
Pergerakan sasteraModernisme
Karya terkenal"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" (1915), The Waste Land (1922), Four Quartets (1943), "Murder in the Cathedral" (1935)
AnugerahHadiah Nobel dalam Kesusasteraan (1948), Order of Merit (1948)
PasanganVivienne Haigh-Wood
(k. 1915; sep. 1932)
Esmé Valerie Fletcher
(k. 1957–1965)
Tandatangan

Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (26 September 1888 – 4 January 1965), "salah satu penyair utama abad ke-20" juga seorang penulisan esei, penerbit, penulis drama, dan penulis kritik dan sosial.[2] Dilahirkan di St Louis, Missouri, di Amerika Syarikat, pada keluarga Brahmin Boston yang terkenal, beliau berpindah ke England pada tahun 1914 pada usia 25 tahun, menetap, bekerja, dan berkahwin di sana. Beliau menjadi subjek British pada tahun 1927 pada usia 39 tahun, meninggalkan pasport Amerika.[3]

Karya

Sumber: "T. S. Eliot Bibliography". Nobel Prize. Dicapai pada 25 February 2012.

Karya terawal

  • Prosa
    • "The Birds of Prey" (a short story; 1905)[4]
    • "A Tale of a Whale" (a short story; 1905)
    • "The Man Who Was King" (a short story; 1905)[5]
    • "The Wine and the Puritans" (review, 1909)
    • "The Point of View" (1909)
    • "Gentlemen and Seamen" (1909)
    • "Egoist" (review, 1909)
  • Poems
    • "A Fable for Feasters" (1905)
    • "[A Lyric:]'If Time and Space as Sages say'" (1905)
    • "[At Graduation 1905]" (1905)
    • "Song: 'If space and time, as sages say'" (1907)
    • "Before Morning" (1908)
    • "Circe's Palace" (1908)
    • "Song: 'When we came home across the hill'" (1909)
    • "On a Portrait" (1909)
    • "Nocturne" (1909)
    • "Humoresque" (1910)
    • "Spleen" (1910)
    • "[Class] Ode" (1910)

Puisi

  • Prufrock and Other Observations (1917)
    • The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
    • Portrait of a Lady
    • Preludes
    • Rhapsody on a Windy Night
    • Morning at the Window
    • The Boston Evening Transcript (about the Boston Evening Transcript)
    • Aunt Helen
    • Cousin Nancy
    • Mr. Apollinax
    • Hysteria
    • Conversation Galante
    • La Figlia Che Piange
  • Poems (1920)
    • Gerontion
    • Burbank with a Baedeker: Bleistein with a Cigar
    • Sweeney Erect
    • A Cooking Egg
    • Le Directeur
    • Mélange Adultère de Tout
    • Lune de Miel
    • The Hippopotamus
    • Dans le Restaurant
    • Whispers of Immortality
    • Mr. Eliot's Sunday Morning Service
    • Sweeney Among the Nightingales
  • The Waste Land (1922)
  • The Hollow Men (1925)
  • Ariel Poems (1927–1954)
    • Journey of the Magi (1927)
    • A Song for Simeon (1928)
    • Animula (1929)
    • Marina (1930)
    • Triumphal March (1931)
    • The Cultivation of Christmas Trees (1954)
  • Ash Wednesday (1930)
  • Coriolan (1931)
  • Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats (1939)
  • The Marching Song of the Pollicle Dogs and Billy M'Caw: The Remarkable Parrot (1939) in The Queen's Book of the Red Cross
  • Four Quartets (1945)
  • Macavity:The Mystery Cat

Sandiwara

  • Sweeney Agonistes (published in 1926, first performed in 1934)
  • The Rock (1934)
  • Murder in the Cathedral (1935)
  • The Family Reunion (1939)
  • The Cocktail Party (1949)
  • The Confidential Clerk (1953)
  • The Elder Statesman (first performed in 1958, published in 1959)

Bukan cereka

  • Christianity & Culture (1939, 1948)
  • The Second-Order Mind (1920)
  • Tradition and the Individual Talent (1920)
  • The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism (1920)
    • "Hamlet and His Problems"
  • Homage to John Dryden (1924)
  • Shakespeare and the Stoicism of Seneca (1928)
  • For Lancelot Andrewes (1928)
  • Dante (1929)
  • Selected Essays, 1917-1932 (1932)
  • The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism (1933)
  • After Strange Gods (1934)
  • Elizabethan Essays (1934)
  • Essays Ancient and Modern (1936)
  • The Idea of a Christian Society (1939)
  • A Choice of Kipling's Verse (1941) made by Eliot, with an essay on Rudyard Kipling
  • Notes Towards the Definition of Culture (1948)
  • Poetry and Drama (1951)
  • The Three Voices of Poetry (1954)
  • The Frontiers of Criticism (1956)
  • On Poetry and Poets (1943)

Penerbitan anumerta

  • To Criticize the Critic (1965)
  • The Waste Land: Facsimile Edition (1974)
  • Inventions of the March Hare: Poems 1909–1917 (1996)

Edisi kritikan

  • Collected Poems, 1909–1962 (1963), excerpt and text search
  • Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats, Illustrated Edition (1982), excerpt and text search
  • Selected Prose of T.S. Eliot, edited by Frank Kermode (1975), excerpt and text search
  • The Waste Land (Norton Critical Editions), edited by Michael North (2000) excerpt and text search
  • Selected Essays (1932); enlarged (1960)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and Hugh Haughton, Volume 1: 1898–1922 (1988, revised 2009)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and Hugh Haughton, Volume 2: 1923–1925 (2009)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and John Haffenden, Volume 3: 1926–1927 (2012)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and John Haffenden, Volume 4: 1928–1929 (2013)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and John Haffenden, Volume 5: 1930–1931 (2014)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and John Haffenden, Volume 6: 1932–1933 (2016)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and John Haffenden, Volume 7: 1934–1935 (2017)
  • The Letters of T. S. Eliot, edited by Valerie Eliot and John Haffenden, Volume 8: 1936–1938 (2019)

Rujukan

  1. ^ Jewel Spears Brooker, Mastery and Escape: T.S. Eliot and the Dialectic of Modernism, University of Massachusetts Press, 1996, p. 172.
  2. ^ Bush, Ronald. "T. S. Eliot's Life and Career", in John A Garraty and Mark C. Carnes (eds), American National Biography. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999, via Modern American Poetry.
  3. ^ Sanna, Ellyn (2003). "Biography of T. S. Eliot". Dalam Bloom, Harold (penyunting). T.S. Eliot. Bloom's Biocritiques. Broomall: Chelsea House Publishing. m/s. (3–44) 30.
  4. ^ The three short stories published in the Smith Academy Record (1905) have never been recollected in any form and have virtually been neglected.
  5. ^ As for a comparative study of this short story and Rudyard Kipling's "The Man Who Would Be King", see Tatsushi Narita, T. S. Eliot and his Youth as "A Literary Columbus" (Nagoya: Kougaku Shuppan, 2011), 21–30.

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