Wolfram
Wolfram, 74W
 |
| Ki-pún sèng-chit |
|---|
| Miâ, hû-hō |
wolfram, W |
|---|
| Phian-miâ |
tungsten |
|---|
| Gōa-hêng |
grayish white, lustrous |
|---|
| Wolfram tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì |
|---|
|
|
| Goân-chú-hoan |
74 |
|---|
| Goân-chú-liōng (±) |
183.84(1)[1] |
|---|
| Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t |
kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k |
|---|
| Cho̍k, hun-khu |
6 cho̍k, d khu |
|---|
| Chiu-kî |
tē 6 chiu-kî |
|---|
| Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t |
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2[2] |
|---|
| per shell |
2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 |
|---|
| Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit |
|---|
| Siòng |
kò͘-thé |
|---|
| Iûⁿ-tiám |
3695 K (3422 °C, 6192 °F) |
|---|
| Hut-tiám |
6203 K (5930 °C, 10,706 °F) |
|---|
| Bi̍t-tō͘ (sek-un) |
19.25 g·cm−3 |
|---|
|
17.6 g·cm−3 |
| Lîm-kài-tiám |
13,892 K, MPa |
|---|
| Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t |
35.3 kJ·mol−1 |
|---|
| Cheng-hoat-jia̍t |
774 kJ·mol−1 |
|---|
| Jia̍t-iông-liōng |
24.27 J·mol−1·K−1 |
|---|
cheng-khì-ap
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
|
| tī T (K)
|
3477
|
3773
|
4137
|
4579
|
5127
|
5823
| |
| Goân-chú sèng-chit |
|---|
| Sng-hòa-sò͘ |
6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, −1, −2, −4 (a mildly acidic oxide) |
|---|
| Tiān-hū-tō͘ |
Pauling scale: 2.36 |
|---|
| Tiān-lī-lêng |
1st: 770 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1700 kJ·mol−1 |
|---|
| Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng |
empirical: 139 pm |
|---|
| Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng |
162±7 pm |
|---|
| Cha̍p-lio̍k |
|---|
| Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō |
body-centered cubic (bcc) |
|---|
| Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á) |
4620 m·s−1 (at r.t.) (annealed) |
|---|
| Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng |
4.5 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C) |
|---|
| Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t |
173 W·m−1·K−1 |
|---|
| Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t |
52.8 nΩ·m (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Chû-sèng |
paramagnetic[3] |
|---|
| Young hē-sò͘ |
411 GPa |
|---|
| Shear hē-sò͘ |
161 GPa |
|---|
| Bulk hē-sò͘ |
310 GPa |
|---|
| Poisson pí |
0.28 |
|---|
| Mohs ngē-tō͘ |
7.5 |
|---|
| Vickers ngē-tō͘ |
3430–4600 MPa |
|---|
| Brinell ngē-tō͘ |
2000–4000 MPa |
|---|
| CAS teng-kì pian-hō |
7440-33-7 |
|---|
| Le̍k-sú |
|---|
| Hō-miâ |
from German wolfram |
|---|
| Hoat-hiān |
Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1781) |
|---|
| Siōng chá hû-lî |
Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783) |
|---|
| Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘ |
|---|
|
Chú bûn-chiong: wolfram ê tông-ūi-sò͘ |
| iso
|
NA
|
half-life
|
DM
|
DE (MeV)
|
DP
|
| 180W
|
0.12%
|
1.8×1018 y
|
α
|
2.516
|
176Hf
|
| 181W
|
syn
|
121.2 d
|
ε
|
0.188
|
181Ta
|
| 182W
|
26.50%
|
>1.7×1020 y
|
(α)
|
1.772
|
178Hf
|
| 183W
|
14.31%
|
>8×1019 y
|
(α)
|
1.680
|
179Hf
|
| 184W
|
30.64%
|
>1.8×1020 y
|
(α)
|
1.123
|
180Hf
|
| 185W
|
syn
|
75.1 d
|
β−
|
0.433
|
185Re
|
| 186W
|
28.43%
|
>4.1×1018 y
|
(α)
|
1.656
|
182Hf
|
| (β−β−)
|
–
|
186Os
| |
|
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed |
Wolfram, ia̍h kiò Tungsten, sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘. I ê goân-chú-hoan sī 74, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī W.
Chham-khó
