Hiperbolik funksiyalar
Hiperbolik funksiyalar
Hiperbolik funksiyalar - elementar funksiyalar ailəsindəndir.Triqonometrik funksiyaların analoqu sayılır.Əsas Hiperbolik funksiyalar bunlardır:
- Hiperbolik sinus
- Hiperbolik kosinus
- Hiperbolik tangens
- Hiperbolik kotangens
Tərs Hiperbolik funksiyalar isə bunlardır:
- Hiperbolik arksinus
- Hiperbolik arkskosinus
- Hiperbolik arkstangens
- Hiperbolik arkskotangens
Riyazi hesablamalarda
sinh, cosh ve tanh
csch, sech ve coth
Hiperbolik funksiyalar aşağıdakı funksiyalardan ibarətdir:
![{\displaystyle \sinh x={\frac {e^{x}-e^{-x}{2}={\frac {e^{2x}-1}{2e^{x}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6b537c3825615d05ed53e2e95e3f34da3000e570)
![{\displaystyle \cosh x={\frac {e^{x}+e^{-x}{2}={\frac {e^{2x}+1}{2e^{x}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e2acc1509a9e9e5f4c8c89c79468035b2a3f18c0)
![{\displaystyle \tanh x={\frac {\sinh x}{\cosh x}={\frac {e^{x}-e^{-x}{e^{x}+e^{-x}={\frac {e^{2x}-1}{e^{2x}+1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3f2cf2340523c38532abdb7103962b9f990701d5)
![{\displaystyle \coth x={\frac {\cosh x}{\sinh x}={\frac {e^{x}+e^{-x}{e^{x}-e^{-x}={\frac {e^{2x}+1}{e^{2x}-1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b2294b690798596190403626f875384df3767218)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {sech} \,x=\left(\cosh x\right)^{-1}={\frac {2}{e^{x}+e^{-x}={\frac {2e^{x}{e^{2x}+1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4db1c54f36a9d4b5b2bfe1db8dbfa448644bfe0a)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {csch} \,x=\left(\sinh x\right)^{-1}={\frac {2}{e^{x}-e^{-x}={\frac {2e^{x}{e^{2x}-1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4120005e03cbfc4dc43707b1ba3f3adb8788a5fd)
Hiperbolik funksiyalar xəyali vahid (i) dairəsi ilə aşağıdakı kimi də ifade edilir:
![{\displaystyle \sinh x=-{\rm {i}\sin {\rm {i}x\!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/68aa711998e2c4dfd6983557ba7a6b82d04dd17b)
![{\displaystyle \cosh x=\cos {\rm {i}x\!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1ae90468a74344a1f91c3a43861685f68105eed3)
![{\displaystyle \tanh x=-{\rm {i}\tan {\rm {i}x\!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9bd378c06c3ef23629255e1d0690552120d200ff)
![{\displaystyle \coth x={\rm {i}\cot {\rm {i}x\!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/744a686bcfced1b0a13d6dd3ae86c7b2ea5c6f10)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {sech} \,x=\sec {\rm {i}x}\!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/764110831aa8cf345a59d018f39c3f43cec8b2e1)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {csch} \,x={\rm {i}\,\csc \,{\rm {i}x\!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/90ec759a65df9c24c4b96fe4d9a5d25142416aae)
i, i2 = −1 - xəyali vahiddir.
Hiperbolik funksiyaların törəmələri
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\sinh x=\cosh x\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4530dba92a47c444fb55137e41cde02f10800a30)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\cosh x=\sinh x\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c050e85b31834b0df9a4a4ac863c715ea2e6ed7c)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\tanh x=1-\tanh ^{2}x={\hbox{sech}^{2}x=1/\cosh ^{2}x\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48e115d0848c424686f85f8d33cfe9f81c95cd58)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\coth x=1-\coth ^{2}x=-{\hbox{csch}^{2}x=-1/\sinh ^{2}x\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8e86b0ab330dedde33fa901922f6e848b765253f)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\ {\hbox{csch}\,x=-\coth x\ {\hbox{csch}\,x\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33cb5291f1e469a14a5ba134f3717201e578db4d)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\ {\hbox{sech}\,x=-\tanh x\ {\hbox{sech}\,x\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9b7b677943bf79f84918d5a5fecaefa4416c874d)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\,\operatorname {arsinh} \,x={\frac {1}{\sqrt {x^{2}+1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/747a51097752199a518700dafdeab7a8c2e417e2)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\,\operatorname {arcosh} \,x={\frac {1}{\sqrt {x^{2}-1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e9239a0ffbfccf312d7d459682b528eaeac1300c)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\,\operatorname {artanh} \,x={\frac {1}{1-x^{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6c38462016475044f476f77c3f21b157e2c8c8ca)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\,\operatorname {arcsch} \,x=-{\frac {1}{\left|x\right|{\sqrt {1+x^{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9e54e187d635dc0bf0b42477b328d5914148fb89)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\,\operatorname {arsech} \,x=-{\frac {1}{x{\sqrt {1-x^{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6ade8b93011edc46366d215c61decda1e3be6df6)
![{\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dx}\,\operatorname {arcoth} \,x={\frac {1}{1-x^{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4bb652017248dd7b8b6fae8f551ab701eaf473ca)
Hiperbolik funksiyaların inteqralları
![{\displaystyle \int \sinh ax\,dx=a^{-1}\cosh ax+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5e710f060e988701918a04c2b955b7f43b5cc0ee)
![{\displaystyle \int \cosh ax\,dx=a^{-1}\sinh ax+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3491402308815ddd5b154b69a2d75b133ef5a354)
![{\displaystyle \int \tanh ax\,dx=a^{-1}\ln(\cosh ax)+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d93bda6875c7236075e7291e9a0812e060b7b807)
![{\displaystyle \int \coth ax\,dx=a^{-1}\ln(\sinh ax)+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6bc69d4568fc09aae97dc89a4bfca2af26bb2c94)
![{\displaystyle \int {\frac {du}{\sqrt {a^{2}+u^{2}=\sinh ^{-1}\left({\frac {u}{a}\right)+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7a8a0b808aa718b091bbf9c44f790e7cbc804cfe)
![{\displaystyle \int {\frac {du}{\sqrt {u^{2}-a^{2}=\cosh ^{-1}\left({\frac {u}{a}\right)+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/145ce4743614ca7fdb7a4d29b9eaabee336dd52d)
![{\displaystyle \int {\frac {du}{a^{2}-u^{2}=a^{-1}\tanh ^{-1}\left({\frac {u}{a}\right)+C;u^{2}<a^{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f16a1227484b01fcea84f6769b5d96fa8c721c6b)
![{\displaystyle \int {\frac {du}{a^{2}-u^{2}=a^{-1}\coth ^{-1}\left({\frac {u}{a}\right)+C;u^{2}>a^{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/575a441e187d7a03aed2d75b2d9fde08ce33c97c)
![{\displaystyle \int {\frac {du}{u{\sqrt {a^{2}-u^{2}=-a^{-1}\operatorname {sech} ^{-1}\left({\frac {u}{a}\right)+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/67e951e737420d3713e7ff7014532351e822b6fc)
![{\displaystyle \int {\frac {du}{u{\sqrt {a^{2}+u^{2}=-a^{-1}\operatorname {csch} ^{-1}\left|{\frac {u}{a}\right|+C}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f93de57764e69926aaf091d0dd688b02a1f90e08)
C sabit ədəddir.
Loqarifmaaltı tərs hiperbolik funksiyalar
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {arsinh} \,x=\ln \left(x+{\sqrt {x^{2}+1}\right)}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b5e701ed143af79d5f221fcceeb826d2f5caf49c)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {arcosh} \,x=\ln \left(x+{\sqrt {x^{2}-1}\right);x\geq 1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1688b5a0f437d49ce9f92ab32cb57eb388c67d42)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {artanh} \,x={\tfrac {1}{2}\ln {\frac {1+x}{1-x};\left|x\right|<1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f410e5162aacf40024f94f492ec3f3bf827c8079)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {arcoth} \,x={\tfrac {1}{2}\ln {\frac {x+1}{x-1};\left|x\right|>1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d79b2e4c2ad723bbbcf425f7faf6b1c9103d86ea)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {arsech} \,x=\ln {\frac {1+{\sqrt {1-x^{2}{x};0<x\leq 1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e351bf3a14f037eb9443e5d1c49be1c0195e3ed2)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {arcsch} \,x=\ln \left({\frac {1}{x}+{\frac {\sqrt {1+x^{2}{\left|x\right|}\right)}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2a6f4912bfd4e48061aed7309769488e1bb4ce4f)
Teylor ardıcıllığı üçün hiperbolik funksiyalar
![{\displaystyle \sinh x=x+{\frac {x^{3}{3!}+{\frac {x^{5}{5!}+{\frac {x^{7}{7!}+\cdots =\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {x^{2n+1}{(2n+1)!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5136eef875e847483a99cd2fdeb3fe99ed38ce76)
![{\displaystyle \cosh x=1+{\frac {x^{2}{2!}+{\frac {x^{4}{4!}+{\frac {x^{6}{6!}+\cdots =\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {x^{2n}{(2n)!}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ddc1170e1ca7c7a38152fcfe841b60deb418af4f)
![{\displaystyle \tanh x=x-{\frac {x^{3}{3}+{\frac {2x^{5}{15}-{\frac {17x^{7}{315}+\cdots =\sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{\frac {2^{2n}(2^{2n}-1)B_{2n}x^{2n-1}{(2n)!},\left|x\right|<{\frac {\pi }{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c95c1e032cc52b10a5e058066523bcd4564f2143)
(Laurent ardıcıllığı)
![{\displaystyle \operatorname {sech} \,x=1-{\frac {x^{2}{2}+{\frac {5x^{4}{24}-{\frac {61x^{6}{720}+\cdots =\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {E_{2n}x^{2n}{(2n)!},\left|x\right|<{\frac {\pi }{2}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8b380d5d7c7c0d493b34a9d5d38d9d6b123812a6)
(Laurent ardıcıllığı)
ninci Bernoulli sayıdır.
ninci Eyler sayıdır.
Həmçinin bax
Xarici keçidlər