Uranyo

Uranium, ₉₂U
Uranium
Pronunciation	/jʊˈreɪniəm/ (yuu-RAY-nee-əm)
Appearance	silvery gray metallic; corrodes to a spalling black oxide coat in air
Standard atomic weight Ar°(U)
	238.02891±0.00003; 238.03±0.01 (pinaikli);
Uranium in the periodic table
	protactinium ← uranium → neptunium
Atomic number (Z)	92
Group	n/a
Period	7
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	1405.3 K (1132.2 °C, 2070 °F)
Boiling point	4404 K (4131 °C, 7468 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	19.050 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	17.3 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	9.14 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	417.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.665 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (isang anpoterong oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.38
Ionization energies	1st: 597.6 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1420 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 156 pm
Covalent radius	196±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	186 pm
	Mga linyang espektral ng uranium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	orthorhombic (oS4)
Lattice constants	a = 285.35 pm; b = 586.97 pm; c = 495.52 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	15.46×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	27.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	0.280 µΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	208 GPa
Shear modulus	111 GPa
Bulk modulus	100 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	3155 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.23
Vickers hardness	1960–2500 MPa
Brinell hardness	2350–3850 MPa
CAS Number	7440-61-1
History
Naming	after planet Uranus, itself named after Greek god of the sky Uranus
Discovery	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)
First isolation	Eugène-Melchior Péligot (1841)
Isotopes of uranium t; b;
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
β−β−	238Pu
	Kategorya: Uranium; tingnan; usapan; baguhin; \| references

Ang uranyo o uranyum (Kastila: uranio, Ingles: uranium, may sagisag na U, atomikong bilang na 92, atomikong timbang na 238.03, punto ng pagkatunaw na 1,132 °C, punto ng pagkulong 3,818 °C, espesipikong grabidad na 18.95, mga balensiyang 3, 4, 5, at 6). Isa itong elementong mabigat, parang pilak ang kaputian, likas na radyoaktibo at parang metal, na madaling sumailalim sa oksidasyon, at nakakalason. Mayroon itong 14 na kilalang mga isotopo, kung saan ang U 238 ang siyang likas na pinakamalaganap. Kabilang ang uranyo sa mga serye ng aktinido at ginagamit ang kanyang isotopong 235U bilang panggatong na nukleyar, mga panggatong sa mga nukleyar reaktor, at bilang mahalagang sangkap ng mga sandatang nukleyar. Karaniwang matatagpuan ang uranyo sa maliit na bahagi sa mga bato, tubig, lupa, mga halaman, at mga hayop (kabilang ang mga tao). Natuklasan ito ni Martin Heinrich Klaproth noong 1789.^[8]

Mga sanggunian

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Uranium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1999.{cite web}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{cite journal}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{cite book}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Th(-I) and U(-I) have been detected in the gas phase as octacarbonyl anions; see Chaoxian, Chi; Sudip, Pan; Jiaye, Jin; Luyan, Meng; Mingbiao, Luo; Lili, Zhao; Mingfei, Zhou; Gernot, Frenking (2019). "Octacarbonyl Ion Complexes of Actinides [An(CO)₈]^+/− (An=Th, U) and the Role of f Orbitals in Metal–Ligand Bonding". Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 25 (50): 11772–11784 (sa wikang Ingles). 25 (50): 11772–11784. doi:10.1002/chem.201902625. ISSN 0947-6539. PMC 6772027. PMID 31276242.{cite journal}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Morss, L.R.; Edelstein, N.M.; Fuger, J., mga pat. (2006). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (sa wikang Ingles) (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 978-9048131464.{cite book}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{cite journal}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Magurno, B.A.; Pearlstein, S, mga pat. (1981). Proceedings of the conference on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures. BNL-NCS 51363, vol. II (PDF). Upton, NY (USA): Brookhaven National Lab. pp. 835 ff. Nakuha noong 2014-08-06.{cite book}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Gaboy, Luciano L. Uranium, uranyo, uranyum, simbolong U - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

Pasilip ng sanggunian

↑ The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis (at 20 °C) are α_a = 25.27×10⁻⁶/K, α_b = 0.76×10⁻⁶/K, α_c = 20.35×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_volume/3 = 15.46×10⁻⁶/K.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Uranium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1999.{cite web}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{cite journal}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Arblaster_2018-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{cite book}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Th(-1),_U(-1)-4] Th(-I) and U(-I) have been detected in the gas phase as octacarbonyl anions; see Chaoxian, Chi; Sudip, Pan; Jiaye, Jin; Luyan, Meng; Mingbiao, Luo; Lili, Zhao; Mingfei, Zhou; Gernot, Frenking (2019). "Octacarbonyl Ion Complexes of Actinides [An(CO)₈]^+/− (An=Th, U) and the Role of f Orbitals in Metal–Ligand Bonding". Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 25 (50): 11772–11784 (sa wikang Ingles). 25 (50): 11772–11784. doi:10.1002/chem.201902625. ISSN 0947-6539. PMC 6772027. PMID 31276242.{cite journal}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[5] Morss, L.R.; Edelstein, N.M.; Fuger, J., mga pat. (2006). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (sa wikang Ingles) (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 978-9048131464.{cite book}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[NUBASE2020-7] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{cite journal}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[8] Magurno, B.A.; Pearlstein, S, mga pat. (1981). Proceedings of the conference on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures. BNL-NCS 51363, vol. II (PDF). Upton, NY (USA): Brookhaven National Lab. pp. 835 ff. Nakuha noong 2014-08-06.{cite book}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Gaboy-9] Gaboy, Luciano L. Uranium, uranyo, uranyum, simbolong U - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

[6] The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis (at 20 °C) are α_a = 25.27×10⁻⁶/K, α_b = 0.76×10⁻⁶/K, α_c = 20.35×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_volume/3 = 15.46×10⁻⁶/K.

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