Thallium
Thallium, 81 Tl ngoi-kôn
silvery white Kî-pún sin-sit Miàng, fù-ho
Thallium, Tl ngoi-hìn
silvery white Thallium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú
81 ngièn-chṳ́-liòng
204.38[ 1] (204.382–204.385)[ 2] ngièn-su lui-phe̍t
heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k Chhu̍k, fûn-khî
13 chhu̍k , p-block chû-khì
period 6 thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t
[Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3 vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt Siông
ku-thí yùng-tiám
577 K (304 °C, 579 °F) pui-tiám
1746 K (1473 °C, 2683 °F) Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn
11.85 g·cm−3
11.22 g·cm−3 Yùng-fa-ngie̍t
4.14 kJ·mol−1 Chîn-fat-ngie̍t
165 kJ·mol−1 Ngie̍t-yùng-liong
26.32 J·mol−1 ·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
chhai T (K)
882
977
1097
1252
1461
1758
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt Yông-fa-su
3 , 2, 1 , −1, −2, −5[ 3] (a mildly basic oxide) Thien-fu-sin
Pauling scale: 1.62 Thien-lì-nèn
1st: 589.4 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 1971 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 2878 kJ·mol−1 Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang
empirical: 170 pm Khiung-ka pan-kang
145±7 pm Van der Waals pan-kang
196 pm Miscellanea Chîn-thí keu-chho
hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Sâng-suk thin rod
818 m·s−1 (at 20 °C) Ngie̍t-phàng-chong
29.9 µm·m−1 ·K−1 (at 25 °C) Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t
46.1 W·m−1 ·K−1 Thien-chú-li̍t
0.18 µΩ·m (at 20 °C) Chhṳ̀-sin
diamagnetic[ 4] Young's modulus
8 GPa Shear modulus
2.8 GPa Bulk modulus
43 GPa Poisson ratio
0.45 Mohs hardness
1.2 Brinell hardness
26.5–44.7 MPa CAS Registry Number
7440-28-0 Le̍k-sú Fat-hien
William Crookes (1861) First isolation
Claude-Auguste Lamy (1862) Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Thallium ke thùng-vi-su
iso
NA
half-life
DM
DE (MeV)
DP
203 Tl
29.524%
–
(α)
0.9108
199 Au
204 Tl
syn
3.78 y
β−
0.764
204 Pb
ε
0.347
204 Hg
205 Tl
70.476%
–
(α)
0.1567
201 Au
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
Thallium (Hon-ngî : 鉈 tā ) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su , fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Tl , ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 81 .
Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau
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